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Resident Evil 2

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This article is about the 1998 video game. For the 2019 remake, seeResident Evil 2(2019 video game).For other uses, seeResident Evil 2 (disambiguation).

Resident Evil 2
North American cover art
Developer(s)Capcom[a]
Publisher(s)
Capcom
  • PlayStation, Dreamcast
    Windows
    • JP:Capcom/Tsukuda Original
    • NA:Capcom
    • PAL:Virgin Interactive Entertainment
    Nintendo 64
    • JP/NA:Capcom
    • EU/AU:Virgin Interactive Entertainment
    GameCube
    Game.com
    Tiger Electronics
Director(s)Hideki Kamiya
Producer(s)Shinji Mikami
Programmer(s)Yasuhiro Anpo
Artist(s)
  • Isao Ohishi
  • Ryoji Shimogama
Writer(s)Noboru Sugimura
Composer(s)
  • Masami Ueda
  • Shusaku Uchiyama
  • Syun Nishigaki
SeriesResident Evil
Platform(s)PlayStation,Windows,Nintendo 64,Dreamcast,GameCube,Game.com
Release
January 21, 1998
  • PlayStation
    • NA:January 21, 1998
    • JP:January 29, 1998
    • PAL:April 29, 1998
    Dual Shock Ver.
    • JP:August 6, 1998
    • NA:November 11, 1998
    Windows
    • UK:February 18, 1999[1]
    • JP:February 19, 1999
    • NA:March 4, 1999[2]
    SourceNext
    • JP:February 17, 2006
    Nintendo 64
    • NA:November 16, 1999
    • JP:January 28, 2000
    • PAL:February 9, 2000
    Dreamcast
    • JP:December 22, 1999
    • PAL:April 28, 2000
    • NA:December 6, 2000
    GameCube
    • NA:January 14, 2003
    • JP:January 23, 2003
    • PAL:May 30, 2003
Genre(s)Survival horror
Mode(s)Single-player

Resident Evil 2[b]is a 1998survival horrorvideo game developed and published byCapcomfor thePlayStation.The player controls rookie copLeon S. Kennedyand college studentClaire Redfield,who must escape Raccoon City after its citizens are transformed intozombiesby abiological weapontwo months after the events of the originalResident Evil.The gameplay focuses on exploration, puzzles, and combat; the main difference from its predecessor are the branching paths, with eachplayer characterhaving unique storylines, partners and obstacles.

Resident Evil 2was produced byResident EvildirectorShinji Mikami,directed byHideki Kamiya,and developed by a team of approximately 50 across 21 months. The initial version, commonly referred to asResident Evil 1.5,differs drastically; it was canceled at approximately two thirds completion because Mikami decided it was inadequate. The final design introduced a more cinematic presentation.

Resident Evil 2received acclaim for its atmosphere, setting, graphics, audio, scenarios, overall gameplay, and its improvements over the original game, but with some criticism towards its controls, voice acting, and certain gameplay elements. It is widely listed among thebest video games ever made.It is the best-sellingResident Evilgame for a single platform at more than6 millioncopies sold across all platforms. It wasportedtoWindows,Nintendo 64,Dreamcast,andGameCube,and a modified2.5Dversion was released for theGame.comhandheld. The story ofResident Evil 2was retold and built upon in several later games, and has been adapted into a variety of licensed works. It was followed byResident Evil 3: Nemesisin 1999. Aremakewas released forPlayStation 4,Windows, andXbox Onein 2019.

Gameplay

[edit]
A young police officer is defending himself against a group of attacking zombies with a shotgun. The scene takes place in a small room decorated with pieces of art.
GameplayofResident Evil 2,withLeon S. Kennedyengagingzombiesin thepolice station[3]

Resident Evil 2is athird-personsurvival horrorgame which features the same basic gameplay as its predecessor,Resident Evil.Set in Raccoon City, a fictional town in the Midwestern Arklay Mountains, the game offers a choice of two protagonists - rookie police officerLeon S. Kennedyor college studentClaire Redfield- as they attempt to survive azombieoutbreak in the city. The player explores Raccoon City while fighting monsters and solving puzzles.[4]While the player characters may be equipped withfirearms,limitedammunitionadds a tactical element to combat, forcing the player to choose between engaging or evading encounters.[4][5]

The game usestank controls,meaning that pressing up moves the character forward, down reverses, and left and right rotates, independently of the camera perspective.[6]On the status screen, the player can check the condition of the player character, view a map of the area, re-read obtained files, and equip or combine items.[7][8]The characters' current health can also be determined by their posture and movement speed. For example, a character will hold their stomach in pain if wounded, and will limp slowly if on the verge of death.[4][9]The player character will take damage whenever they are caught by an enemy or hazard, and if they take too much damage, they will die, causing agame over.Herbsand first aid spray can be used to heal. Safe rooms scattered throughout the city containtypewriters,where the player may spendink ribbonsto save their progress, and item boxes that can store items, which are necessary because the player characters can only carry a limited number of items with them.[4][10]

Contrasting with Chris and Jill's different abilities in the previous game, Leon and Claire differ only in their starting key items (alighterand alockpick,respectively). The game introduces a "Zapping System"[11]where the two player characters are each confronted with differing puzzles, plot threads, and encounters.[4]After finishing the "A Scenario" as one protagonist, the player will unlock the "B Scenario" for the other, elements of which change to reflect the A Scenario's events, e.g. killed enemies, solved puzzles, and hazards caused by player actions. This results in a total of four unique playthroughs, two for each character, which increases the game's replayability.[4]Each protagonist is joined by a support partner during the game. These characters accompany the protagonist in certain scenes, and are playable during short segments.[3][12]Like the previous game, there are multiple endings, but unlike the previous game, which ending the player sees is determined solely by which of the four scenarios is being played.

The graphics are composed ofreal-time generatedpolygonalcharacters and itemmodels,superimposed overpre-renderedbackgrounds that are viewed from fixed camera angles.[4][13]

After completing a scenario, the player is given a rank based on their playtime and the number of times they saved or used special healing items.[14]Higher ranks may unlock additional weapons and costumes.[15]Resident Evil 2contains two standalone missions: "The 4th Survivor" and "The To-fu Survivor". In both, the player must reach the goal while fighting every enemy along the way with only the default item loadout. The PlayStation version requires the player complete both scenarios with high ranks in order to unlock these missions, while the Dreamcast version has them accessible from the beginning.[16]All later versions, excluding theNintendo 64version, have an additional "Extreme Battle" minigame, where the player, either as Leon, Claire, Ada orChris Redfieldfrom the first game, must plant four antivirus bombs around one of three maps while fighting through a gauntlet of enemies with limited supplies.[16][17]

Plot

[edit]

Depending on which order the scenarios are played in, the player experiences one of two courses of events which mutually contradict each other. This plot summary covers only the path followed by playing the Claire A and Leon B scenarios, which was suggested by Capcom to be the canon version of events.[18]

On September 29, 1998, two months after the events of the firstResident Evil,[19]most citizens of theMidwestern Americanmountain community of Raccoon City have been transformed into zombies by theT-virus,abiological weaponsecretly developed by the pharmaceutical companyUmbrella.[20][21]Leon S. Kennedy,a Raccoon Police Department officer on his first day of duty, meetsClaire Redfield,a college student looking for her brotherChris.After being separated, Leon and Claire each make their own way to the Raccoon Police Station.[20]They discover that most of the RPD has been killed,[22]and that Chris has left town to investigate Umbrella's headquarters in Europe.[23]They split up to look for survivors and find a way out of the city.[24][25]While searching for an escape route, Claire meets a little girl, Sherry Birkin, who is on the run from an unknown creature, and Leon encountersAda Wong,who claims to be looking for her boyfriend John, an Umbrella researcher fromChicago.[24][26]

RPD Chief Brian Irons had been bribed by Umbrella to hide evidence of the company's experiments in the outskirts of the city. He concealed their development of the newG-virus,an agent capable of mutating a human into the ultimate bioweapon.[24][27]Leon has multiple encounters with a Tyrant, a monster air-dropped into the police station by Umbrella to seek the G-virus. Irons tries to murder Claire but is killed by a G-virus mutant in the police station. Claire and Sherry escape through the sewers and become separated. After splitting up with Leon, Ada finds Sherry and picks up a golden pendant the girl loses while running away. Further into the sewers, Ada reluctantly teams up with Leon again, after he insists on his duty to protect her. They encounter a middle-aged woman who fires at Ada, but Leon jumps between them and takes a bullet himself. Ada ignores the unconscious Leon and follows the woman, who reveals herself to be Sherry's mother Annette and the wife ofWilliam Birkin,the Umbrella scientist who created the G-virus. In an attempt to protect his life's work from special agents sent by the Umbrella headquarters, he injected himself with the virus, which turned him into the malformed creature and is now chasing Sherry because of her genetic make-up.[24]Annette recognizes her daughter's pendant and attempts to take it from Ada. A fight ensues, during which Annette is thrown over a railing.[28]Ada learns that the golden locket contains a sample of the G-virus, and later – taken over by her emotions – returns to Leon, tending to his bullet wound.[20][24]

Meanwhile, Claire is reunited with Sherry and discovers that William has implanted his daughter with an embryo to produce offspring. Leon, Ada, Claire, and Sherry advance through an abandoned factory connected to Umbrella's secret underground research facility. An attack by William leaves Ada heavily wounded, and Leon explores the laboratory to find something to treat her wounds.[24]He is interrupted by a psychotic Annette, who says that Ada's relationship with John was only a means of getting information about Umbrella because Ada is a spy sent to steal the G-virus for an unknown organization.[24][29]Leon does not believe her, saying he trusts Ada. Just as Annette is about to shoot Leon, the Tyrant appears, and she retreats. Ada returns to save Leon and battles the Tyrant, which falls into a pit of molten metal. Ada is mortally wounded from the fight; she and Leon confess their love for each other before Ada stops breathing. Meanwhile, Annette tries to escape with another sample of the G-virus but is fatally wounded by her mutated husband; before she dies, she tells Claire how to create a vaccine that will stop the mutations caused by the embryo within Sherry. After preparing the cure, Leon and Claire reunite at an emergency escape train and inject Sherry with the vaccine, which saves her life. En route, Leon is assisted in terminating the now-mutated Super Tyrant by an unseen figure; Leon briefly thinks it is Ada, but is unable to positively identify her voice over the noise.[24][30]Grown to gigantic size, William follows Leon and Claire, but is destroyed when the train self-destructs.[24]After escaping from the city with Sherry, Leon intends to take down Umbrella, while Claire continues to search for Chris.[24][31]HUNK,one of the surviving special agents sent by Umbrella, completes his G-virus retrieval mission.[30]

Development

[edit]

Development ofResident Evil 2began one month after the completion of its predecessor in early 1996.[32]Resident Evil 2was developed by a group of about 45 people that later became part ofCapcom Production Studio 4.[33][34]DirectorHideki Kamiyaled the team, which was composed of newer Capcom employees and over half of the staff from the originalResident Evil.[32][33][35]In the initial stages of development, producerShinjiMikami often had creative disagreements with Kamiya, and tried to influence the team with his own direction. He eventually withdrew into an overseeing role as producer, and only demanded to be shown the latest build once monthly.[36]The game took more than $1 million to create.[37]

Resident Evil 1.5

[edit]
A young woman in a red and white racing suit is shooting at a pair of undead police officers, while two more enemies sneak up on her from behind. The office of the police station they are fighting in has sheets of paper scattered on the floor, and the whole scene features a bluish tint.
InResident Evil 1.5,an early version of the game, players controlled protagonist Elza Walker. The interior of the police station was completely different, with a more modern design.
Main article:Resident Evil 1.5

The first footage ofResident Evil 2was shown at theV JumpFestival '96 in July.[38]This build, later dubbedResident Evil 1.5by Mikami, differed drastically from the final version.[33][35]Its plot followed the same basic outline and features a zombie outbreak in Raccoon City two months after the events of the first game. However, Umbrella had already been closed as a consequence of its illegal experiments.[39]

The development team sought to retain the degree of fear from the original game, and introduced two characters without experience of terrifying situations: Leon S. Kennedy, largely identical to his persona in the final build, and Elza Walker, a college student and motorcycle racer vacationing in Raccoon City, her hometown.[35][39][40][41]Unlike the final version, the character paths did not cross, and each character had two support partners instead of one.[40]Leon received help from fellow police officer Marvin Branagh and researcher Linda – an early version of Ada – while Elza was aided by Sherry Birkin and John, who appears inResident Evil 2as gun shop owner Robert Kendo.[40][42]Mikami also revealed in 1996 that the sequel would have new monsters, and the number of onscreen enemies would be increased to "around seven or more" to produce "the sensation of terror as the monsters swarm around the character".[43]

Real-world examples influenced character designs by artists Isao Ohishi and Ryoji Shimogama. For example, Ohishi based Leon on hisbloodhound,and Annette Birkin on actressJodie Foster.[42]The police station was smaller with a more modern and realistic design.[39][40]There were more encounters with surviving policemen, such as a superior officer of Leon named Roy.[40][42]Enemy models used far fewer polygons,[33]allowing many zombies to appear on the screen.[33][35]The game employeddynamic music,and altered pre-rendered backgrounds in response to gameplay events.[39]The playable characters could use equipment such as protective clothes to enhance their defense and enable them to carry more items.[44][45]The character models were altered by costume changes and by damage received from enemies.[44]

Believing the game's assets were good individually, but not yet satisfactory as a whole, Mikami expected that everything would coalesce in the three months leading up to the projected May 1997 release date.[41][36]Soon after,Resident Evil 1.5was scrapped at 60–80 percent completion.[32][33][40][46]Mikami later explained that the game would not have reached the desired quality on time, and that the gameplay and locations were dull.[32][33][36]

A photograph of a Japanese man wearing a baseball cap.
ProducerShinji Mikamiwithdrew from his hands-on role in development after creative disagreements with the director.

Development restarted

[edit]

Mikami planned to end the series withResident Evil 2.SupervisorYoshiki Okamotocriticized the story, finding it too conclusive to allow for future installments. Instead, Okamoto proposed the creation of a fictional universe that would turnResident Evilinto ametaseries– similar to theGundamandJames Bondfranchises – in which self-contained stories with common elements could be told.[47]

During a period in which the team made no progress rewriting the scenario, Okamoto was introduced to professional screenwriterNoboru Sugimura,who was enthusiastic about the first game's story.[48]Sugimura was initially consulted on a trial basis, but Okamoto was impressed by the ease with which Sugimara solved script problems, and soon asked him to compose the entire scenario forResident Evil 2.[33][48]One fundamental modification to the story was the reworking of Elza Walker into Claire Redfield, in order to introduce a connection to the plot of the first game.[32]

To fulfill Capcom's sales plan of two million copies, director Kamiya tried to attract new customers with a more ostentatious andHollywood-likestory presentation.[49]As Okamoto did not want to simply enforce the new direction, he had Sugimura discuss the plot revisions with Mikami and the development staff.[47]The planners redesigned the game from the ground up to fit the changes, and the programmers and other remaining members of the team were sent to work onResident Evil Director's Cut,which was shipped with a playable preview disc of the newResident Evil 2version in order to promote the sequel and to apologize to the players for its belated release.[33][50]

Few assets fromResident Evil 1.5could be recycled, as the principal locations in the final build had been made to look more extravagant and artistic, based on photographs taken of the interiors of Western-style buildings in Japanese cities.[33]The environments were created onSGI O2computers, and each background took two or three weeks to render. The maximum number of zombies displayed on the screen at one time was limited to seven, making it possible to use 450 polygons for the comparatively detailed models of Leon and Claire.[32]The protagonists, instead of being given visible wounds, were made to limp slowly upon receiving heavy damage.[33]Other than the graphics, one of the most important new features is the "Zapping System",[51]which was partly inspired byBack to the Future Part II,a time travel-themed film sequel that offers a different perspective on the story of theoriginal film.The voice-overs by the all-Canadian cast ofResident Evil 2were recorded before the actualcutsceneswere completed, with each of the actors selected from a roster of ten people per role.[52]Thereafter, the full-motion videos (FMVs) were created by filmingstop-motion animationsofaction figures,which were then rendered to completed pictures with computer graphics (CG) tools.[53]Ada's movie model could not be finished in time. Thus, she is the only main character not to appear in a pre-rendered cutscene.[52]

Regional releases required several changes. The North American version contains more violentgame overscreens, which were removed from the JapaneseBiohazard 2.Resident Evil 2was made more difficult (and thus longer-playing) than its Japanese equivalent to prevent short-term rentals from affecting U.S. sales.[53][32][54]

Music

[edit]
See also:Discography of the Resident Evil video game series
"Raccoon City"
An 11-second sample of the composition "Raccoon City", demonstrating the game's use of music to create a specific type of atmosphere. In this particular piece, the leitmotif of the soundtrack is played by atrombone.
Problems playing this file? Seemedia help.

The music forResident Evil 2was composed by Masami Ueda, Shusaku Uchiyama, and Syun Nishigaki, except one track composed byNaoshi Mizuta.[55][56]The music conveys "desperation" as its underlying theme.[32]In his role as lead composer, Ueda provided themotifs,and Uchiyama provided the horror-themed music for the investigation and movie scenes.[57]The main theme, a versatile three-noteleitmotif,appears several times throughout the story, included in compositions such as "Prologue", "Raccoon City", and "The Third Malformation of G". Various musical styles, ranging fromambienthorror toindustrial,represent the different game environments. For example, the streets of Raccoon City are emphasized with militaristic percussion-based music, and the police station features ominous piano underscores.[58]Key events of the story are supported withorchestraland cinematic compositions – a move that was inspired byblockbuster films.[57][58]

Two albums containing music from the game were released in January and August 1998, respectively.[59][60]The first,Biohazard 2 Original Soundtrack,is the main release and includes most of the significant compositions.[58]The second,Biohazard 2 Complete Track,largely encompasses less prevalent themes, but offers an orchestral medley and a second CD with sound effects, voice collections, and an interview with the sound staff.[61]The European version ofBiohazard 2 Original Soundtrackhas an identical CD,Resident Evil 2 Original Soundtrack.In the North American version, the opening theme "The Beginning of Story" is split into four individual tracks.[58]Five orchestral arrangements were included on theBio Hazard Orchestra Album,a live concert performed by theNew Japan Philharmonic.[62]Disc jockey Piston Nishizawa created electronic remixes for several of the compositions, which were later released as the albumBiohazard 2 Remix: Metamorphoses.[63]

Marketing

[edit]

In Japan, marketing included a live actiontelevision commercialdirected by renowned zombie film directorGeorge Romero.[64]The commercial was filmed on location atLincoln Heights Jailand starredBrad Renfroas Leon Kennedy andAdrienne Frantzas Claire Redfield.[65]The game had a marketing budget of $5 million.[37]

Releases

[edit]
An image showing the Visual Memory Unit peripheral for Sega's Dreamcast console.
A port ofResident Evil 2to theDreamcastadded support for the Visual Memory Unit, which displays the condition of the player character.

After its initial release for thePlayStationin January 1998,Resident Evil 2was reissued andportedto other systems, many gaining new features in the process.

Dual Shock Ver.

[edit]

The first re-release is theDual Shock Ver.,which supports the vibration and analog control functions of the PlayStation'sDualShockcontroller. Other additions include a new unlockable minigame called "Extreme Battle", and a "Rookie" mode that enables the player to start the main story with a powerful weapon and infinite ammunition. The Japanese release of theDual Shock Ver.contains a "U.S.A. Version" mode based on the difficulty level ofResident Evil 2's Western versions.[66]TheDual Shock Ver.served as the basis for the majority of ports, such as theWindows 9x-based PC-CD versionResident Evil 2 Platinum.The PC version retains all previously added features and can be run in higherresolutions.[67]A "Data Gallery" was added to the main menu, allowing the player to view movies, rough sketches, illustrations, and 3D models.[67][68]In February 2006, a Japan-exclusive,Windows XP-compatible PC-DVD re-release was published. Developed by Sourcenext, it includes high-quality FMVs encoded at 640×480 pixels.[69][70]

TheDreamcastversion keeps the additions from the original PC release, and incorporates real-time display of the character's condition on theVisual Memory Unitperipheral.[71][72]The Japanese edition of the Dreamcast port has the subtitleValue Plusand a playable demo ofResident Evil – Code: Veronica.[68]An unmodified port of theDual Shock Ver.was released for theGameCube.[73]The initial PlayStation version was re-released on the JapanesePlayStation Networkin 2007, and the service's North American counterpart received theDual Shock Ver.two years later.[74][75][76]

Nintendo 64

[edit]

Released on November 16, 1999, theNintendo 64version ofResident Evil 2is one of the few games released for the console to have FMVs, overcoming the limited storage space on the cartridge.[77][78]The PlayStation version with two CD-ROMs of up to700 MBper disc was faithfully replicated (with unique enhancements) on a64 MBNintendo 64 Game Pak.In the process, audio and video assets had to be more aggressively and creatively compressed, using novel techniques that shift the burden away from storage and toward the console's high real-time processing power.[79]Across twelve months and with a budget of $1 million,[79]Resident Evil 2was ported to the console by a team led by nine full-time and one part-time personnel fromAngel Studios.[79]Further help was provided by ten staff from Capcom Production Studio 3 andFactor 5.[80][81]This version offers features that were not included on any other system, such as alternate costumes, the ability to adjust the degree of violence and to change the blood color, a randomizer to place items differently during each playthrough, and a more responsive first-person control scheme.[13][81][82][83]Additionally, the port features 16 new in-game documents known as the "Ex Files",[13][82]written by Tetsuro Oyama.[55]Hidden throughout the four scenarios, they reveal new information about the series' lore and connect the story ofResident Evil 2to those of the other installments, including some that had not been released yet.[13][82]

The Nintendo 64 version adjusts its display resolution depending on the number of polygonal models currently on screen, and supports theExpansion Pakaccessory for a maximum resolution of 640×480 during gameplay.[84][85]Other visual enhancements include smoother character animations and sharper, perspective-corrected textures for the 3D models.[84]This is the only version to use surround sound, with the soundtrack converted toDolby SurroundbyChris Hülsbeck,Rudolf Stember, and Thomas Engel.[81]The team reworked thesound setfrom scratch to provide each instrument with a highersample ratethan on the PlayStation, resulting in higher-quality music.[86]Some features from the other enhanced versions based on theDual Shock Ver.do not appear in the Nintendo 64 version, such as the "Extreme Battle" minigame.[87]In 2018, Eurogamer called this "one of the most ambitious [and impressive] console ports of all time".[83]

Other versions

[edit]

A port ofResident Evil 2for theSega Saturnwas developed at Capcom, with plans for it to use the console's 4 MB RAM cartridge,[88]but technical difficulties led to its cancellation in October 1998.[89]

Tiger Electronicsreleased a black and whitesprite-based2.5Dversion for itsGame.comhandheld in late 1998.[90]It includes only Leon's story path, and lacks many of the original game's core features, including cutscenes and music.[91][92]This was the firstResident Evilgame to be released on a handheld console.[92]

In February 2013, an unfinishedbuildofResident Evil 1.5wasleaked onto the Internet.[93]

In July 2024,Resident Evilwas released onGOG.com,with ports ofResident Evil 2,released on August 27, 2024[94]andResident Evil 3: Nemesisexpected to come later.[95]The PC port will be based on theDual Shock ver.and will include high-resolution character models and an art gallery.[96]

Reception

[edit]

Resident Evil 2received critical acclaim upon release. Its original PlayStation release holds an average aggregate score of 93% atGameRankingsbased on 25 reviews,[137]and 89 out of 100 points atMetacriticfor both thePlayStationandNintendo 64versions based on 13 reviews.[139]The majority of reviews praisedResident Evil 2for its atmosphere, setting, graphics, audio, and overall gameplay, but criticized its controls, voice acting, and certain gameplay elements.[b]

Computer and Video Gamesmagazine's Steve Key and Alex Huhtahla praised the gameplay, puzzles, horror, graphics, audio, and the scenario system's replay factor.[102]Electronic Gaming Monthlymagazine's four reviewers agreed it was better than the original game, and said almost everything about the sequel is "flawless", including the gameplay, graphics, layout, level of detail, sound, frightful atmosphere, suspenseful story, and scenario system. They criticized the controls and menu system, but said the controls were an improvement over the original. The game tied with the PlayStation version ofPoint Blankfor their "Game of the Month".[105]GameFanmagazine's three reviewers praised the gameplay, tension, environments, graphics, voice acting, and scenario system.[111]Game Informermagazine's three reviewers praised the concept, graphics, sound, playability, and entertainment.[113]PSMmagazine praised the puzzles, monsters, and weapons.[135]Next Generationcalled it "the must-own title of the year", saying it made leaps over the original game in terms of longevity and graphics while retaining the original's core appeal.[130]

IGN's Ricardo Sanchez said that the game's atmosphere was "dead on", and that "[the] graphics, sound effects, music, and level design all work together to create a spooky, horror-filled world".[125]Ryan Mac Donald ofGameSpotshared the opinion, and found the game to be "like a product out of Hollywood". He said that it was "more an interactive, cinematic experience than a video game".[4]Writing forComputerAndVideoGames.com,Paul Mallinson considered the atmosphere, story, and film-like presentation its most outstanding features, and though he found its plot to be "far-fetched", he said it was "kept down to earth by clever scripting and gritty storytelling".[143]GameProstaff writer Mike Weigand called the narrative "engrossing and dramatic", and the dialogue "well-written" and "spell-binding".[3]IGN's Sanchez,GameSpy's Brian Davis, andEurogamer's Martin Taylor praised the "Zapping System" for adding to the story and increasing thereplay value.[125][144][145]Mac Donald said that the idea of actions in the first scenario affecting the second was "cool in concept", but underused.[4]

Resident Evil 2was also praised for its graphics, which many critics said were a substantial improvement upon those of the first installment.[105][3][4][125][130]Sanchez and Weigand said that the pre-rendered backgrounds were an impressive leap ahead of those in the originalResident Evil,due to their increased detail and interactivity.[3][125]Next Generationsaid that the character models now stood out less from the backgrounds.[130]Shawn Smith ofElectronic Gaming Monthlyfound the rendered cutscenes far preferable to the live action ones of the original.[105]Mac Donald praised the model animations for having reached "true realism", and commended the use of body language as a means of seamlessly communicating the condition of the protagonists' health.[4]Allgame's Shawn Sackenheim awarded its graphics the highest possible score, as he found the backgrounds to be "rendered to perfection", the cutscenes "a work of art", and the animation "fluid and eerie".[97]The audio was well received by critics. Weigand cited it as an "excellent accompaniment to the visuals".[3]Sanchez went as far as to say thatResident Evil 2"may have the best sound design yet for a console game".[125]Next Generationsaid it had "the most precise and realistic sound effects ever heard in any game".[130]Sackenheim described the music and sound effects as "spot on perfect" and the soundtrack "perfectly composed",[97]and Mac Donald likened the use of audio to that of classic horror films.[4]

A common point of criticism was the inventory system, which Sanchez called "a pain". He disliked the player's need to retrieve objects from item boxes,[125]and Mac Donald criticized the system for being unrealistic, as the boxes are "[magically]" interconnected and all items take the same amount of space when being carried, regardless of their size.[4]Furthermore, Mallinson and Mac Donald disapproved of certain puzzles, as out of place in a police station setting.[4][143]Sanchez said that the puzzles were paced better than in the first game, but less interesting and too easy for experienced players.[125]Next Generationpraised the game's massive length and said that the differences between each character's scenario were great enough to make the replay value ten times greater than that of the original, which used a similar two-scenario system.[130]Sackenheim said the game was brief, and remarked that the individual scenarios are not different enough to hold the interest of casual players until the end of the game. He found the controls to be "easy to pick up and play",[97]and Sanchez said that aiming weapons was difficult.[125]Some reviewers panned the voice acting, calling it "cheesy", "terrible", and "barbaric".[c]

With the exception of the critically acclaimed Nintendo 64 version,[114][140]most later releases ofResident Evil 2have received slightly lower scores than the PlayStation version.[d]Weigand advised players who already ownedResident Evil 2to rent theDual Shock Ver.for the "Extreme Battle" minigame, and recommended that newcomers buy the updated edition instead of the original release.[146]The Windows version was praised for its additional content, but criticized for not allowing the player to save at will, and for lacking updated backgrounds to fit the higher in-game resolution.[e]Eurogamer said that version's total elimination of CD-ROM load times make the game "extremely fun and simple".[83]The Nintendo 64 version was widely commended for the technical achievement of fitting a two-disc game on a single512-Mbit(64MB)cartridge. However, Taylor criticized this version for retaining scenes from the PlayStation version that were used to conceal its CD-ROM loading times – a technical disadvantage absent from cartridge.[f]GameProwriter "The Freshman" was impressed with the enhanced graphics of the Nintendo 64 version, but was disappointed by its heavily compressed FMVs.[147]GameSpot's Joe Fielder found the compression to be forgivable given the cartridge format, and that the new exclusive features made up for the lack of the "Extreme Battle" mode.[87]Eurogamer said the Nintendo 64's unique analog control "works supremely well to the point where it's borderline game-breaking".[83]IGN reviewer Matt Casamassina applauded the implementation of Dolby Surround support, and called the Nintendo 64 release the "best version of the game".[13]In 2018, Eurogamer called it "one of the most ambitious [and impressive] console ports of all time".[83]

The clearer sound effects of the Dreamcast port were received well byGame Revolution's Shawn Sparks, who also remarked that the character models look slightly sharper.[148]However, Steve Key ofComputer And Video Gamesdisliked the Dreamcast release's low-resolution backgrounds, which he thought made the characters stand out too much from the environments, and thus lessened the atmosphere.[149]GameSpot staff writer James Mielke said that the Dreamcast port was not "an essential purchase", but still a "great game" at an attractively low price.[71]The GameCube release was heavily criticized for its high price and dated graphics.[g]However, "Four-Eyed Dragon" ofGamePronoted its superior in-game visuals compared to any other version.[150]Davis and1UP.com's Mark MacDonald were disappointed by the version's lack of features that were included in the Nintendo 64 release.[144][151]Peer Schneiderof IGN found the 2.5D version for the Game.com to be frustrating and only "partially faithful" to the original release ofResident Evil 2.Although he believed that its graphics and sound effects managed to recreate the original game's atmosphere to a certain extent, he thought that its controls were too "sluggish" to allow for an enjoyable experience.[91]

Sales

[edit]

Resident Evil 2was promoted with a$5,000,000(equivalent to $9,300,000 in 2023) advertising campaign. In Italy, the game reached 100,000pre-orders,worth over 12 billionlireor$6,600,000(equivalent to $12,300,000 in 2023).[152]It became the fastest-selling video game in North America. On the weekend following its release, more than 380,000 copies were sold, grossing$19,000,000(equivalent to $36,000,000 in 2023). It therefore surpassed the opening revenue of all but oneHollywood movieat that time and broke previous sales records set by the video gamesFinal Fantasy VIIandSuper Mario 64.[153]After one and a half months, the game's global sales had topped 3 million copies, with 1.9 million sold in Japan and over a million sold in the United States.[154]

Weekly Famitsunamed it Japan's best-selling game for the first half of 1998, with sales of 2.13 million units.[155]By August 1998, 2,298,814 copies were sold in Japan.[156]According toThe NPD Group,it was 1998's sixth best-selling game in the United States.[157]At the 1999 Milia festival inCannes,Resident Evil 2took home a "Gold" prize for revenues above€29 millionor$33,000,000(equivalent to $62,000,000 in 2023) in theEuropean Unionduring 1998.[158]With 4.96 million copies sold, the original PlayStation version ofResident Evil 2was a commercial success, and is the franchise's best-selling game on a single platform.[159]By March 1999, approximately11 millionunits of all versions ofResident EvilandResident Evil 2had been sold worldwide,[160]including 810,000 copies ofResident Evil 2: Dual Shock Ver.,[161]totaling5.77 millioncopies for both PlayStation versions ofResident Evil 2.

In Japan, 17,973 copies of the Nintendo 64 and GameCube versions were sold,[162]and in the United States, 326,397 copies of the Nintendo 64 version were sold,[163]totaling at least 344,370. Total worldwide sales were at least 6,114,370 units across PlayStation and Nintendo platforms.

Accolades

[edit]

Resident Evil 2was a finalist at theAIAS'inaugural Interactive Achievement Awardsfor "Console Action Game of the Year"and"Console Adventure Game of the Year",[164]but lost toGoldenEye 007andFinal Fantasy VII,respectively.[165]

InElectronic Gaming Monthly's 1998 Gamers' Choice Awards,Resident Evil 2was the runner-up forBest Adventure Game of the Yearand Readers' ChoiceBest PlayStation Game of the Year,behindMetal Gear Solidwhich won in both award categories.[166]TheVideo Software Dealers Associationnominated it for Video Game of the Year.[167]

Resident Evil 2has been held in high regard in the years following its initial release, and was named the fourth best game on the PlayStation byFamitsu.[168]It is listed as one of the 100 best games of all time byElectronic Gaming Monthly(62nd), IGN (58th),Empire(49th),Game Informer(34th), andOfficial UK PlayStation Magazine(6th).[a]Readers ofRetro GamervotedResident Evil 2the 97th top retro game, and the staff wrote it was "considered by many to be the best in the long-running series".[169]GameTrailersranked it fourth on a list of the games that most neededremakes.[170]

Controversy

[edit]

In Italy,Resident Evil 2was temporarily banned in 1999 following criticism from the political organization "Movimento Diritti Civili" (Civil Rights Movement) for its realistic depiction of violence, with the law enforcement agencyGuardia di Finanzaseizing over 5,500 unsold copies.[171][152]Sony Computer Entertainmentasked for a re-examination of the seizure decree, and the ban was lifted a few months later.[172]

Legacy

[edit]

Resident Evil 2is the basis of severallicensedworks and later games. Ted Adams andKris Opriskoloosely adapted it into the comics "Raccoon City – R.I.P." and "A New Chapter of Evil", which were released in the first and second issues ofResident Evil: The Official Comic Book Magazinein March and June 1998.[173][174]The 60-issueHong KongcomicsBiohazard 2was published weekly from February 1998 to April 1999.[175]A romantic comedy retelling of the game's story, centered on Leon, Claire and Ada, was released as theTaiwanesetwo-issue comicÈlíng Gǔbǎo II(lit. "Demon Castle II" ).[176][177]Resident Evil: City of the Dead,a 1999 book written byS. D. Perry,is a more direct adaptation of the narrative, and is the third release in her series ofResident Evilnovelizations, published byPocket Booksin 1999.[178]

Themobile gameResident Evil: Uprisingcontains a condensed version of theResident Evil 2story, adapted by Megan Swaine.[179][180]Resident Evil: The Darkside Chronicles,anon-rails shooterreleased for theWiiin 2009, includes a scenario named "Memories of a Lost City", whichreimaginesthe originalResident Evil 2plot while retaining key scenes from the game's four scenarios.[181]In 2008,Resident Evil 5producerJun Takeuchi,who had previously worked on the series as weapons designer and graphics animator, alluded to the possibility of a full-fledgedremake.[182][183][184]Such a project had already been considered for the GameCube in 2002, but Mikami abandoned the idea as he did not want to delay the in-developmentResident Evil 4.[185]

Resident Evil 2appears in the British sitcomSpacedin the episode "Art",in which a character hallucinates that he is fighting a zombie invasion.SpaceddirectorEdgar Wrightcited this episode inspired byResident Evil 2as the basis for hiszombie comedyfilmShaun of the Dead(2004).[186]

Thestory arcsintroduced inResident Evil 2continue in drama albums and later game releases. Kyoko Sagiyama, Junichi Miyashita, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Noboru Sugimura, Hirohisa Soda, and Kishiko Miyagi – screenwriters employed by Capcom's former scenario subsidiaryFlagship– created tworadio dramas,Chiisana Tōbōsha Sherry( "The Little Runaway Sherry" ) andIkiteita Onna Spy Ada( "The Female Spy Ada Lives" ). The dramas were broadcast onRadio Osakain early 1999, and later released by publisherSuleputeras two separate CDs,Biohazard 2 Drama Album.[187][188][189][190]Chiisana Tōbōsha Sherrybegins shortly after the events of the game. Sherry is separated from Claire while fleeing from Umbrella soldiers sent to kill all witnesses of the viral outbreak. Raccoon City is burned down by theU.S. Governmentand Umbrella in an attempt to cover up the disaster. Sherry seeks refuge in the neighboring town of Stone Ville, and later escapes to Canada with the help of a girl named Meg, who vows to help her reunite with Claire.[187]

Ikiteita Onna Spy Adais set a few days afterResident Evil 2,and deals with Ada's mission to retrieve Sherry's pendant with the G-virus sample, which is said to be in the possession of HUNK in the backstory of the drama album. Ada intercepts the delivery of the locket in France, and kills HUNK and his men. As a consequence of an accidental T-virus leak in Loire Village, the destination of the delivery, Ada is forced to retreat to an old castle. Along with a unit of theFrench Air Forcesent to burn down the village, she encounters Christine Henry, the Umbrella facility director who gave HUNK the order to deliver the G-virus to France.[189][191]Jacob, the leader of the airborne unit, is revealed to be Christine's co-conspirator. However, he plans to keep the G-virus sample for himself, and shoots her. Philippe, another member of the unit, convinces Ada to give him the pendant, after which he injects himself with the G-virus to give himself the power to stop Jacob. Ada escapes and realizes her feelings for Leon, deciding to quit the spy business and return to him.[189]The characters' story arcs are continued differently: Sherry is taken into custody by the U.S. Government immediately after the events ofResident Evil 2,and Ada keeps the pendant with the G-virus and resumes her activities as a spy.[192][193]Hunk successfully delivers a separate G-virus sample to Umbrella.[30]

Remake

[edit]
Main article:Resident Evil 2 (2019 video game)

In August 2015, Capcom announced that aremakeofResident Evil 2was in development.[194]Capcom unveiled the game atE3 2018,with trailers and gameplay footage, and a worldwide release date of January 25, 2019 forPlayStation 4,Windows,andXbox One.[195][196]The game uses the RE Engine, which is also inResident Evil 7: Biohazard,[197]and replaces thetank controlsand fixed camera angles with "over-the-shoulder" gameplay similar toResident Evil 4.[198]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Ported toNintendo 64byAngel Studios,with support by Capcom Production Studio 3 andFactor 5.
  2. ^Known in Japan asBiohazard 2,stylized asBIOHAZARD 2(Japanese:バイオハザード2,Hepburn:Baiohazādo Tsū)

References

[edit]
^Reference group a[199][200][201][202][203] ^Reference group b[4][73][97][103][125][204] ^Reference group c[67][73][150][205] ^Reference group d[104][206][207][141][142]
^Reference group e[208][67][205][209][210] ^Reference group f[13][87][145][147][211][212] ^Reference group g[73][144][151][213][214][215]
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