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Robert L. Forward

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the physicist and science fiction writer. For the writer, director, and producer (his son), seeRobert D. Forward.
Robert L. Forward
Born(1932-08-15)August 15, 1932[1]
Geneva, New York,U.S.[1]
DiedSeptember 21, 2002(2002-09-21)(aged 70)[1]
Seattle, Washington,U.S.
Alma materUniversity of Maryland
UCLA
Known forStatite
SpouseMartha Dodson (1954–2002; his death)
ChildrenRobert Dodson Forward
Mary Lois Mattlin
Julie Elizabeth Fuller
Eve Laurel Forward
Scientific career
FieldsPhysicist
InstitutionsHughes Aircraft
Tethers Unlimited, Inc.
ThesisDetectors for Dynamic Gravitational Fields(1965)
Doctoral advisorJoseph Weber
David Mandeen Zipoy

Robert Lull Forward(August 15, 1932 – September 21, 2002) was an Americanphysicistandscience fictionwriter.[2]His literary work was noted for its scientific credibility and use of ideas developed from his career as anaerospace engineer.He also made important contributions togravitational wavedetection research.[3]

Biography

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Forward earned his doctorate from theUniversity of Marylandin 1965, with a thesis entitledDetectors for Dynamic Gravitational Fields,for the development of abar antennafor the detection ofgravitational radiation.[4]

Career and research

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He then went to work at the research labs ofHughes Aircraft,where he continued his research on gravity measurement and received 18patents.He took early retirement in 1987, to focus on his fiction writing and consulting for such clients asNASAand theU.S. Air Force.In 1994, he co-founded the companyTethers Unlimited, Inc.withRobert P. Hoyt,where he served as chief scientist and chairman until 2002.

Much of his research focused on the leading edges of speculative physics but was always grounded in what he believed humans could accomplish. He worked on such projects asspace tethers[5]andspace fountains,solar sails(includingStarwisp),antimatter propulsion,and otherspacecraft propulsiontechnologies, and did further research on more esoteric possibilities such astime travelandnegative matter.He was issued a patent for thestatite,and contributed to a concept todrain the Van Allen Belts.

Forward Mass Detector

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Forward's extensive work in the field ofgravitational wavedetection included the invention of the rotating cruciformgravity gradiometeror 'Forward Mass Detector', for LunarMascon(mass concentration) measurements. The gravity gradiometer is described in the well-known textbookGravitationby Misner, Thorne & Wheeler. The principle behind it is quite simple; getting the implementation right is tricky. Essentially, two beams are crossed over and connected with an axle through their crossing point. They are held at right angles to each other by springs. They have heavy masses at the ends of the beams, and the whole assembly spun around the common axle at high speed. The angle between the beams is measured continuously, and if it varies with a period half that of the rotation period, it means that the detector is experiencing a measurable gravitational field gradient.

Vacuum Fluctuation Battery

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In 1984, Forward published his theoretical design for a "Casimir battery", utilizing the electromagneticZero-point energyand the attractive force associated. The Casimir force would pull the plates together, if the plates were charged with same polarity and the electrostatic force applied to the plates is adjusted. The Casimir force will pull the plates together increasing the electric field between each plate and producing a voltage. The battery could be "recharged" by increasing the electrostatic force, pushing the plates apart.[6]

Fiction

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In addition to more than 200 papers and articles, he published 11 novels. Critics' reviews were mixed, always praising the science concepts and the aliens he created, but often finding the plots thin and the humans shallow.[4] His treatment of hard-science topics in fictional form is highly reminiscent of the work ofHal Clement.He described his first novel,Dragon's Egg,as "a textbook on neutron star physics disguised as a novel."[7]His novelRocheworlddescribes a double-planet system with a single shared atmosphere and ocean, and abeam-powered propulsioninterstellar space ship to get there. Forward co-authored two Rocheworld novels with his wife,Martha Dodson Forward,and two additional Rocheworld novels with his second daughter, Julie Fuller. Forward also helpedLarry Nivencalculate the parameters of theSmoke Ringfor his novelThe Integral Trees.Much of his scientific research in speculative physics serves as inspiration for science fiction, many of his ideas onZero-point energy,[8][9]Interstellar traveland propulsion can be found in contemporary and modern scientific fiction.

Personal life

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Forward's son,Bob Forward,has led a successful career as a storyboard artist and writer in television animation, including inHe-Man and the Masters of the Universe,The Legend of Zelda,and most famously,Beast Wars.He is also the author of two novels,The OwlandThe Owl 2: Scarlet Serenade.

Forward's youngest,Eve Forward,has written two novels:Villains by NecessityandAnimist.

Death

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In 2001, Forward received a diagnosis of terminal cancer. He died on September 21, 2002.[1]

Publications

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Selected scientific works

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Dragon's Egg series

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  1. Dragon's Egg(1980)
  2. Starquake(1985)

Both collected in an omnibus editionDragon's Egg & Starquake(1994)

Rocheworld series

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1.Rocheworld(Baen,1990) 155,000 words, originally published in these iterations:
Rocheworld(1981) original manuscript, 150,000 words
Rocheworld(Analog,1982) 60,000 words
The Flight of the Dragonfly(Timescape,1984) hardcover, ~100,000 words
The Flight of the Dragonfly(Baen, 1985) paperback, 110,000 words
2.Return to Rocheworld(1993) with Julie Forward Fuller
3.Marooned on Eden(1993) with Martha Dodson Forward[n 1]
4.Ocean Under the Ice(1994) with Martha Dodson Forward
5.Rescued from Paradise(1995) with Julie Forward Fuller

Novels

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Collection (contains both fiction and essays)

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  • Indistinguishable from Magic(1995)

Non-fiction

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Forward also wrote manyarticles in scientific journalsand filed manypatents,mainly while working forHughes Aircraft.

See also

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Explanatory notes

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  1. ^Baen Books mistakenly put "Margaret Dodson Forward" instead of "Martha Dodson Forward" on thecover of the book.The title page in the book has her name correctly as "Martha".

References

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  1. ^abcdTethers Unlimited (September 21, 2002)."Obituary: Dr. Robert L. Forward".SpaceRef. Archived fromthe originalon September 2, 2013.RetrievedNovember 7,2016.
  2. ^Benford, Gregory;Benford, James (August 2003)."Obituary: Robert Lull Forward".Physics Today.56(8): 66–67.Bibcode:2003PhT....56h..66B.doi:10.1063/1.1611362.
  3. ^Forward, Robert L. (1978). "Wideband laser-interferometer graviational-radiation experiment".Physical Review D.17(2): 379–390.Bibcode:1978PhRvD..17..379F.doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.17.379.
  4. ^abOliver, Myrna (September 24, 2002)."Robert L. Forward, 70; Physicist Wrote 11 Science Fiction Novels".Los Angeles Times.pp. 1–2.RetrievedMarch 5,2010.
  5. ^Forward, Robert; Conley, Buford; Stanek, Clay; Ramsey, William (1992-07-06)."The cable catapult - Putting it there and keeping it there".28th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit.American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.doi:10.2514/6.1992-3077.
  6. ^Forward, Robert L. (15 August 1984)."Extracting electrical energy from the vacuum by cohesion of charged foliated conductors".Physical Review B.30(4): 1700–1702.Bibcode:1984PhRvB..30.1700F.doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.30.1700.
  7. ^Slusser, George(2014-02-28).Gregory Benford.University of Illinois Press. p. 10.ISBN9780252096037.JSTOR10.5406/j.ctt5hjjhc.
  8. ^Forward, Robert (January 1, 1999)."Apparent Endless Extraction of Energy from the Vacuum by Cyclic Manipulation of Casimir Cavity Dimensions".ntrs.nasa.gov.
  9. ^Forward, Robert L. (15 August 1984)."Extracting electrical energy from the vacuum by cohesion of charged foliated conductors".Physical Review B.30(4): 1700–1702.Bibcode:1984PhRvB..30.1700F.doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.30.1700.

Further reading

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Archival resources

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