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Roscrea

Coordinates:52°57′18″N7°47′49″W/ 52.955°N 7.797°W/52.955; -7.797
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Roscrea
Ros Cré
Town
Castle Street
Castle Street
Roscrea is located in Ireland
Roscrea
Roscrea
Location in Ireland
Coordinates:52°57′18″N7°47′49″W/ 52.955°N 7.797°W/52.955; -7.797
CountryIreland
ProvinceMunster
CountyTipperary
Elevation
126 m (413 ft)
Population
(2016)[1]
•Urban
5,446
Time zoneUTC±0(WET)
• Summer (DST)UTC+1(IST)
Eircode
E53
Telephone area code0505
Irish Grid ReferenceS132894

Roscrea(Irish:Ros Cré,meaning 'Crea's wood')[2]is amarket towninCounty Tipperary,Ireland, which in 2016 had a population of 5,446.[1]Roscrea is one of the oldest towns in Ireland, having developed around the 7th century monastery ofSaint Crónán of Roscrea,parts of which remain preserved today.

Roscrea is a designatedIrish Heritage Towndue to the extent of important historical buildings that are preserved in the town. Amongst the most notable buildings of interest are the 13th centuryRoscrea Castleand Damer House on Castle Street. Within the town are the remains of the ancientRomanesquedoorway and gable-end ofSt Cronan's church. TheRound Towerand theHigh crossof the ancient monastery are also located nearby. Also of interest in the town are the remains of the 15th centuryFranciscanFriary andMonainchaandSean Ross Abbeys.One of the most famous books produced by the monastery is the 8th-centuryBook of Dimmacurrently on display atTrinity College, Dublin.

Location and access[edit]

Roscrea is located in North Tipperary, situated very close to the border withCounty Offaly.It is located inIreland'sMid-West Regionin a valley betweenDevil's Bitmountain to the south west and theSlieve Bloommountains to the north east. It is 71 km (44 mi) fromLimerickCity in the west and 122 km (76 mi) fromDublinCity in the east. It is at the crossroads of theR445 regional roadand theN62betweenAthloneandHorse and Jockey.

TheSlieve Bloom Mountainsreach as far as Roscrea.

Historically, Roscrea was noted as being on one of the ancient highways of Ireland known as the 'Slighe Dala' (meaning parliament way) which stretched fromTarain the east to the city and port ofLimerickand the port ofTarbert.It is possible the route formed much of the oldN7route now theR445which originally passed through the town.

Transport[edit]

Roscrea is well connected by bus routes.Bus Éireannroute 12 linksDublinandLimerickwith connections available hourly.[3]A private bus contractor,JJ Kavanagh and Sons,provides extra bus services to Dublin and Limerick.[4]

Local LinkTipperary operates bus service 854 betweenRoscrea railway stationand Nenagh with intermediate stops inShinrone,Cloughjordan,MoneygallandToomevara.The service operates three times a day in each direction seven days a week.[5][6][7]

Roscrea railway stationis on theLimerick–Ballybrophy railway linebetweenBallybrophyandCloughjordan.At Ballybrophy it joins the mainCork-Dublinline.At one timethere was a branch from Roscrea to nearbyBirrinCounty Offaly.Roscrea railway station opened on 19 October 1857.[8]

A January 2012 national newspaper article suggested thatIarnród Éireannwas expected to seek permission from the National Transport Authority to close the Limerick–Ballybrophy railway line.[9]An enhanced timetable was operated between February 2012 and January 2013 before services were downgraded again.[10]

Features[edit]

3 km (2 mi) from the town is aCistercianmonastery,Mount St. Joseph Abbey,and aboarding schoolfor boys,Cistercian College.

Buildings of note[edit]

The Round Tower in Church Street is anational monumentin state ownership. In addition there are several other buildings and structures in Roscrea listed on the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage including,

  • Damer House, listed as being of special architectural, artistic, archaeological, historical and social interest.[11]
  • Roscrea railway station is listed as being of special architectural and social interest.[12]
  • The railway signal box is listed as being of special architectural interest.[13]
  • Former Quaker meetinghouse listed as being of architectural and social interest.[14]
  • The 19th Century Fancy Fountain now located in Rosemary Square is listed as being of artistic, social and technical interest.[15]

History[edit]

Early history and medieval period c. 550 – c. 1500[edit]

The 9th centuryRoscrea Broochwas found in or near the town sometime in the early 1820s[16]
Surviving west gable of the 12th-century Romanesque Church with the Anglican parish church in the background.

Roscrea has historically been an important trading town. The settlement grew around an ancient church or monastery, founded by St. Cronan in the late 6th century.[17]The town is situated strategically in a gap in the hills on one of the great ancient roads of Ireland, the Slighe Dála. It became an important ecclesiastical centre evidenced by the beautiful west gable of a Romanesque church, a 12th-century sculptured High Cross, and a round tower also built during the 12th century.[18]The round tower has a doorway 4.6 m (15 ft) from the ground and is the oldest surviving part of the ancient monastery. The usual conical cap is missing as the tower was shortened by around 6 m (20 ft) when it was used by snipers in the1798 rebellion.[19]The 8th centuryBook of Dimma,which belonged to Roscrea monastery, is preserved inTrinity College, Dublin.It contains a copy of the Gospels and aMissa Infirmorum,and is enclosed in a shrine of bronze with silver plates ornamented withCelticinterlacing.

In 1812, the Romanesque church was demolished with the exception of the west gable and its stones used for the erection of the currentSt. Cronan's parish churchof theChurch of Irelandat the same site.[19]The church was designed by the Roscrea architectJames Sheane[20]and restored under the supervision of SirThomas Newenham Deanein 1879.[21]Records show thatJohn Wesley,one of the founders of theMethodistmovement, preached in Roscrea on 26 June 1750.[22]Roscrea was one of the main settlements in the ancient and medieval Munster kingdom ofÉile(commonly anglicised as Ely) and was briefly a diocesan see in the 12th century, before the superior power of theO'Briensensured that the Roscrea was incorporated into the diocese of Killaloe.

Gate Tower of Roscrea Castle

KingJohn I of England(reigned 1199–1216) is credited with having erected a castle at Roscrea in 1213, of which a circular tower and some sections of wall are still extant; such castles were built as part of a policy to consolidate the Norman conquest of the midlands. In 1209 King John's officials established twelve shires or counties in Leinster and Munster, one of which was Tipperary, covering areas of English settlement such as Roscrea. Within county Tipperary there were fourteen baronies; Roscrea was the chief town in thebarony of Ikerrin;baronies became obsolete after the Local Government Act (1898), which set up county and borough/town councils. From the mid-14th century (particularly after the Black Death) and 15th century native Irish influence the areas outside of theEnglish Palerevived, strengthened by the intermarrying of the Norman aristocracy with the native Irish aristocracy.

The building of a castle at Roscrea was the subject of dispute between the king's representatives and thebishops of Killaloeuntil 1280, as the castle was built on church land without the bishop's permission. Though the castle was built as a royal castle, it was often in the hands of theButlersas they controlled the surrounding lands and was close to Nenagh, where the Butlers had one of their principal castles. The castle was rebuilt in stone between 1276 and 1281, probably as part of King Edward I's orders to secure safe storage and transport of mined silver from theSilverminesto the west of Nenagh. Large-scale mining of silver ceased at the Silvermines in the early 14th century following disputes with local people and as a result of Gaelic resurgence in the area. The later rectangular gate house, known as Ormonde Castle, was built by James Butler, 4th Earl of Ormond sometime before 1450[15] and still stands today. There are also references to a gaol in Roscrea Castle during the period c. 1280–1315.

Roscrea Castle

There is no surviving reference to the granting of aroyal charterfor the founding of Roscrea and it is likely that the town began to grow around the castle in the 13th century, adding to the existing ecclesiastical settlements. There are references to 'the burgesses of Roscrea', two mills and a town oven, which is accepted as proof that Roscrea was a medieval town.[23]In 1315, when Sir Edmund Butler was created1st earl of Carrick(he later distinguished himself during theBruce Invasion of Ireland), he was granted the castle and manors of Carrick and Roscrea, along with the attached lands. The castle remained in the Butler earl of Ormond's possession until it was sold by the2nd duke of Ormondin 1703. The earls of Ormond had good relations with the localÉile (Ely) O'Carroll family,the ancient Gaelic lords of the area, and intermarried with them. The earls were largely absent from Ireland between c. 1464–1514, being engaged in theWars of the Rosesin England, and left the running of their lands to junior members of their extended family. Today the Catholic church of St. Cronin is built close to the site ofa ruined Franciscan friary,which was founded by the O'Carrolls about 1477.[24]Some portion of the walls of the old Friary has been retained in the modern church building.[25]

Remains ofthe 15th-century Franciscan Friary

Early modern period to 19th century[edit]

The expanding power of theO'Brien earls of Thomandfrom the West and theFitzgerald earls of Kildarefrom the east caused a weakening of Butler authority and to Roscrea being controlled by the Gaelic lords of Éile, the O'Carroll's, for several decades. Despite attempts of the Butlers to re-conquer northern Tipperary in the 1530s a manuscript in the National Library, probably dating from the time of the Irish 'Reformation Parliament' of 1536–37 describes Roscrea as being then by 'Irishmen wasted, and not valuable'. The whole of northern and western Tipperary freed itself from Butler power after the death of the 9th earl of Ormond in 1546 and Roscrea remained virtually uninhabited for some years. The O'Carrolls fought wars with the Butlers in 1556–57, 1560–61 and 1564–66 but it was not until'Black Tom' Butler, the 10th earl of Ormond,returned home from England that Roscrea was again under the control of the Butlers. During this time Roscrea lay on the northern edge of theCounty Palatinate of Tipperary(a territorial area administered from Kilkenny in which legal jurisdiction was held by Butler Earls of Ormond, rather than the King, but with royal permission). One of the benefits was that the Earl appointed the local judges and sheriffs to administer the law in Roscrea and gave the town some protection during this turbulent period. The plantations of King's County (now Offaly) and Queen's County (now Laois) from 1556 and the failure of the twoDesmond Rebellions(1569–1573 and 1579–1583) saw the Gaelic lands to the north, west and south of Roscrea increasingly fall into New English hands.

Thefriary at Roscrea,which had escaped dissolution, was finally suppressed in 1579. The conclusion of theNine Years' War(1594–1603), again lost by the Gaelic Irish, brought some stability to Ireland however the commencement of the plantations from 1606 set the scene for the great1641 rebellion.The development of the town was affected by the Ormond succession dispute which broke out in 1614. During this time Roscrea was leased out by the earls of Ormond first to Gerard fitz Lewis Bryan and then Sir George Hamilton Sr. and Jr. The castle was taken byOwen Roe O'Neillin 1649 during theIrish Confederate Wars(1641–1653) and was recaptured by Cromwellian troops in 1650. The castle, town, lands and friary of Roscrea were granted to Sir Francis Peisley in 1659 for 21 years. The town was not caught up in theWilliamite Wars(1689–91) and though orders were issued to have the castle demolished to prevent it from falling into rebel hands in the future they were later rescinded. In 1703 the2nd duke of Ormondsold the town to Robert Curtis, the Tipperary Palatinate was abolished by the Dublin parliament following the defection of the 2nd duke to join theEnglish Catholic monarchy in exileinLouis XIV's France in 1714. John Damer purchased the town in 1722 and soon after building Damer House within the walls of the castle. During the 18th century Joseph Damer (created Baron Milton in 1762 and later created theEarl of Dorchesterin 1792) owned Roscrea but the titles died out on the death of his son the 2nd earl of Dorchester in 1808. Damer House and the castle became a military barracks and in 1811 was garrisoned by permanent cavalry (1 officer, 21 privates and 16 horses) and permanent infantry (8 officers and 345 privates). When Damer's daughter died in 1828 the Damer estates (possibly over 16,000 hectares (40,000 acres) of land) were inherited by his grand-nephew John Dawson 2ndearl of Portarlington.Dawson died in considerable debt in 1844/5, Court of Chancery records from 1863 describe the estate of Roscrea in 1844 as comprising 910 hectares (2,248 acres) worth £3,882 in rent yearly. The town was then sold for £20,000 to the Irish Landed Estates Court which eventually sold the town in a succession of land sales from the mid-19th century, including the town and two town parks of Roscrea in 1858. Most of the town was sold to R.S. Palmer in March 1859 and July 1860.[26]It is from this time that much of the modern town of Roscrea was constructed.

RoscreaPoor law unionwas declared in 1839 and covered an area of 630 km2(242 sq mi); 37 'Guardians' oversaw the operations of Union. The Union was responsible for a population of 61,374 in 1831 – it covered Bourney, Borrisnafarney, Killea, Killevinogue, Rathnaveoge, Roscrea, Agahancon, Cullenwale, Dunkerrin, Ettagh, Kilcommon, Kilmurry, Roscomroe, Shinrone, Borris-in-Ossory, Doanmore, Eirke, Kyle and Rathdowney until after boundary changes following the famine in 1853 (spellings of placenames are repeated from original records). A new Roscrea Union workhouse was erected on a 2.4-hectare (6-acre) site around 1.5 km (1 mi) outside of the town on the Templemore road adjacent to Corville. The workhouse could accommodate up to 700 'inmates' and was declared fit for the reception of paupers in March 1842; it received its first admissions during May 1842. During the famine, an additional 200 people were accommodated in the workhouse and a fever hospital was built on the site around this time. A large graveyard, probably containing the remains of hundreds of people who died in the Great Famine, was situated behind the workhouse to the south of Kennedy Park. The workhouse was partially demolished and altered, it became a fever hospital and a 'County Home"for the 'aged and infirm". It was closed in 1985/6 and demolished c. 1991.[27]

Main Streetc. 1890– c. 1905

Demographics[edit]

The population of Roscrea appears to have reached its height in the 1830s (see below), but appears to have hit an all-time high in the2022 census of Ireland.In 1885 a wool merchant from the neighbouring town of Birr reported to the House of Commons Select Committee on Industries (Ireland) that in the early decades of the 19th century 1,000 men were employed in Roscrea as weavers and wool combers, but that by the early 1880s this number had dropped to just 2.[28]

Historical and Current Population of Roscrea:[29]

Population of Roscrea 1831–2011
Population of Roscrea 1831–2011
Census Year Population Census Year Population
1821 5,239 1951 2,988
1831 5,512 1956 3,095
1841 5,275 1961 3,372
1851 3,400 1966 3,523
1861 3,727 1971 3,855
1871 2,992 1979 4,203
1881 2,801 1981 4,201
1891 2,568 1986 4,378
1901 2,325 1991 4,231
1911 2,182 1996 4,170
1926 2,772 2002 4,578
1936 3,060 2006 4,910
1946 3,069 2011 5,403
2016 5,446
2022 5,515


In 2022, there were 5,515 people residing in Roscrea. In 2022, according to the CSO, the town is 72.4% White Irish and 2.7%Irish Traveller,14.9% White of any other background, 0.3% Black, 2.05% Asian, 0.9% any other racial background, and 5.5% not stated.[30]

Annalistic references[edit]

SeeAnnals of Inisfallen(AI)

  • AI761.1 Kl. Suairlech, abbot ofBennchor,and Daniél, abbot of Ros Cré, fell asleep.
  • AI952.1 Kl. Repose of Orthanach, abbot of Ros Cré.
  • AI1009.3 Muiredach Ua Maenaig, abbot of Ros Cré, went on his pilgrimage.
  • AI1012.5 Repose of Loingsech son of Lonán, abbot of Ros Cré.

Commerce[edit]

The main employer in the town isGlanbiawhich makes and distributes meats product all over the world.[citation needed]In 2008 Glanbia sold off its pork operations. The 2 former Glanbia plants in Roscrea are now part of the Rosderra Irish Meats Group. It still uses the Glanbia brand under licence.[31]This enterprise grew out of the Roscrea Bacon Factory, established in the late 1800s as one of the first cooperatives in Ireland, with legal underpinnings established by local soliciter Charles J Spain.Taro Pharmaceuticalswas a sterile pharmaceutical injectables manufacturing plant in the town that employed approximately 30 people. The plant has since closed. FRS Network is a large employer with over 100 people employed across its varying divisions. Some people travel toNenaghto work in theProcter & Gamblefactory there. Some make lengthy commutes toDublinorLimerickfor work.[32]Shannon Developmenthas a business park near Ashbury in the town. This houses local businesses like Walsh Printers and JS Hygiene (Upholsterycleaning). The other business park is at Benamore on the Dublin road.Dunnes Storesdeveloped the site of the maltings into a large retail unit.[33]The newTescosupermarket was built in close proximity to the Round Tower, leading to queries about compliance with planning rules.[34]

Education[edit]

The town is home to several educational institutions. Primary Schools include St. Cronan’s National School, Scoil Eoin Naofa, Scoil Íosaf Naofa Corville,Sacred HeartPrimary School, Dunkerrin N.S., Lismackin N.S. and the school for Persons with Intellectual DisabilitiesSt Anne's. The solitary secondary school in the town is Coláiste Phobal Ros Cré. This school was formed when theSacred HeartConvent,theChristian BrothersSchool and the Vocational School amalgamated to form onepublic schoolin 1999. Just outside Roscrea is theCistercian College.This is a private school located on the grounds of theMount St JosephCistercianMonastery. Third-level courses, accredited byFETACare provided at the Colaiste. The nearest Third-Level Institute isTipperary InstituteinThurles.[35]

Sport[edit]

Rugby, Soccer, Martial Arts[edit]

Roscrea Rugby Club has been twinned with Holybush in Wales for over 50 years.[36]There are also some football (soccer) teams in the town – Killavilla Utd F.C., Roscrea United F.C. and Streamstown Celtic F.C.[citation needed] A martial arts club Premier Martial Arts Academy has introduced the sport of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and MMA to many of Roscrea's youth and continues to offer a vital alternative sporting outlet to the area.[citation needed] O.s.a premier taekwondo have been operating a taekwondo academy in roscrea for over 25 years and have produced over 50 black belts and many national and European champions.[citation needed]

GAA[edit]

Roscrea GAAhas won few trophies in its history. The localGaelic footballclub isInane Rovers.Roscrea Hurling Club were the first-ever All-Ireland club Hurling Champions in 1971.[citation needed]

Other sporting facilities[edit]

Roscrea has an 18-hole parkland golf course (Roscrea Golf Club est. 1894) and also tennis facilities. There is an athletics club, a badminton club and many more sporting clubs. A swimming pool and leisure centre complex opened in September 2009.

Voluntary and community groups[edit]

Roscrea is home to a Scout troop, Roscrea Scout Troop, founded in 1971, covering all sections fromBeaver ScoutstoRover Scouts.The troop is part of the Slieve Bloom Scout County[37]in theSouth-Eastern ProvinceinScouting Ireland.

The international speaking organisation,Toastmastersalso have a branch in town. Recently,[when?]Roscrea Active Citizenship Association was set up, with the stated aim of bringing together all the organisations of the town.

Notable people[edit]

See also:Category:People from Roscrea

References[edit]

  1. ^ab"Sapmap Area - Settlements - Roscrea".Census 2016.CSO.2016.Archivedfrom the original on 12 January 2018.Retrieved12 January2018.
  2. ^"Ros Cré/Roscrea".Placenames Database of Ireland(logainm.ie).Retrieved1 January2022.
  3. ^"Bus Éireann - View Ireland Bus and Coach Timetables & Buy Tickets".www.buseireann.ie.Archivedfrom the original on 30 November 2016.Retrieved9 June2018.
  4. ^"Bus service from Dublin Airport to Clonmel, Waterford, Naas, Carlow, Royal Oak, Paustown, Kilkenny".Archived fromthe originalon 10 November 2011.Retrieved1 November2011.
  5. ^"New daily services from Local Link".The Nenagh Guardian.19 September 2019.Archivedfrom the original on 29 September 2019.Retrieved29 September2019.
  6. ^"Local Link Tipperary announces 2 New Daily Bus Services".Local Link Tipperary. 17 September 2019.Archivedfrom the original on 29 September 2019.Retrieved29 September2019.
  7. ^"Route 854 - Roscrea to Nenagh timetable".Local Link Tipperary.Archivedfrom the original on 29 September 2019.Retrieved29 September2019.
  8. ^"Roscrea station"(PDF).Railscot – Irish Railways.Archived(PDF)from the original on 27 November 2007.Retrieved7 September2007.
  9. ^McCárthaigh, Seán (2 January 2012)."Iarnród Éireann may close rail service amid falling demand".Irish Examiner.Archivedfrom the original on 6 June 2012.Retrieved9 June2018.
  10. ^"Nenagh, Limerick and Commuter service improvements - REVISED SCHEDULE, FROM 20TH MARCH - Iarnród Éireann - Irish Rail".Archived fromthe originalon 12 November 2013.Retrieved24 August2012.
  11. ^"Damer House, Castle Street, Castle Street, TOWNPARKS (ROSCREA PR), Roscrea, Tipperary North".buildingsofireland.ie.National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.Archivedfrom the original on 17 November 2017.Retrieved4 September2019.
  12. ^"Roscrea Railway Station, Fancroft Road, Fancroft Road, CASTLEHOLDING, Roscrea, Tipperary North".buildingsofireland.ie.National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.
  13. ^"Roscrea Railway Station, Fancroft Road, CASTLEHOLDING, Roscrea, Tipperary North".buildingsofireland.ie.National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.
  14. ^"Rosemary Street, Rosemary Street, TOWNPARKS (ROSCREA PR), Roscrea, Tipperary North".buildingsofireland.ie.National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.Archivedfrom the original on 25 September 2021.Retrieved4 September2019.
  15. ^"Rosemary Square, Rosemary Square, TOWNPARKS (ROSCREA PR), Roscrea, Tipperary North".buildingsofireland.ie.National Inventory of Architectural Heritage.Archivedfrom the original on 3 June 2018.Retrieved4 September2019.
  16. ^Briggs, Stephen. "The Roscrea Brooch Re-Provenanced?".Ulster Journal of Archaeology,volume 74, 2017. pp. 74-86.JSTOR26788433
  17. ^Gwynn, Aubrey; R. Neville Hadcock (1979).Medieval Religious Houses Ireland.London: Longman. p. 43.
  18. ^Lord Killanin; Michael V. Duignan (1967).The Shell Guide to Ireland.London: Ebury Press. p. 415.
  19. ^abFarrelly, Jean; Caimin O'Brien (2002).Archaeological Inventory of County Tipperary: Vol. I – North Tipperary.Dublin: Stationery Office. p. 240.ISBN0-7557-1264-1.
  20. ^"SHEANE, JAMES - Dictionary of Irish Architects".www.dia.ie.Archivedfrom the original on 12 June 2018.Retrieved9 June2018.
  21. ^"Gloine - Diocese / Parish - Killaloe - Roscrea - Roscrea".www.gloine.ie.Archivedfrom the original on 27 March 2016.Retrieved9 June2018.
  22. ^John Wesley. The Works of the Rev. John Wesley:in ten volumes. (1810) John Jones, London. Vol. 3, p. 53
  23. ^White, N.B., (ed.), The Red Book of Ormond (Dublin, 1932) p 151.
  24. ^Gwynn, Aubrey; R. Neville Hadcock (1979).Medieval Religious Houses Ireland.London: Longman. p. 258.
  25. ^Manning, Conleth, Excavations at Roscrea Castle (Dublin, 2003) pp 1–17.
  26. ^See report of the Court of Chancery case, The Earl of Portarlington v. Damer, Irish Times, 23 December 1863
  27. ^Ages, Roscrea Through The."Roscrea Through The Ages".www.roscreathroughtheages.org.Archivedfrom the original on 5 May 2014.Retrieved9 June2018.
  28. ^Farmar, Tony, Privileged Lives: A social history of middle-class Ireland 1982–1986 (Dublin, 2012), pp 35–36.
  29. ^Based on census returns 1841–2011.
  30. ^"Interactive Data Visualisations | CSO Ireland".visual.cso.ie.Retrieved26 March2024.
  31. ^"Rosderra".Rosderra.ie.Archivedfrom the original on 12 June 2018.Retrieved9 June2018.
  32. ^"Roscrea Chamber Of Commerce News".Roscrea.ie.Archived fromthe originalon 10 October 2007.Retrieved9 June2018.
  33. ^"Tom Phillips Associates - Dunnes Stores Roscrea".Archived fromthe originalon 16 January 2014.Retrieved18 July2013.
  34. ^"Tesco Roscrea in 'partly unauthorised' development - Property News | Irish Construction & Property Market | the Irish T - Wed, Apr 10, 2013".The Irish Times.Archived fromthe originalon 15 April 2013.Retrieved18 July2013.
  35. ^"LIT in Tipperary".Tippinst.ie.Archived fromthe originalon 23 February 2001.Retrieved9 June2018.
  36. ^"Roscrea Rugby Club".Roscrearfc.ie.Archived fromthe originalon 20 March 2008.Retrieved9 June2018.
  37. ^"Slieve Bloom Scout County".Slievebloomscouts.com.Archivedfrom the original on 24 January 2016.Retrieved9 June2018.
  38. ^"Mixed Race Irish Families in Manchester".The Mixed Museum.30 March 2020.Archivedfrom the original on 21 January 2021.Retrieved17 January2021.

External links[edit]

Wikivoyage has a travel guide forRoscrea.
Wikimedia Commons has media related toRoscrea.
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