Rose hip
Therose hiporrosehip,also calledrose hawandrose hep,is theaccessory fruitof the various species ofroseplant. It is typically red to orange, but ranges from dark purple to black in some species. Rose hips begin to form afterpollinationof flowers in spring or early summer, and ripen in late summer through autumn.
Propagation
[edit]Roses are propagated from rose hips by removing theachenesthat contain the seeds from thehypanthium(the outer coating) and sowing just beneath the surface of the soil. The seeds can take many months to germinate. Most species require chilling (stratification), with some such asRosa caninaonly germinating after two winter chill periods.
Use
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Rose hips are used inbreadandpies,jam, jelly,marmalade,syrup,soup,tea,wine,and otherbeverages.
Rose hips can be eaten raw, like berries, if care is taken to avoid the hairs inside the fruit. Theseurticating hairsare used asitching powder.[1]
A few rose species are sometimes grown for the ornamental value of their hips, such asRosa moyesii,which has prominent, large, red bottle-shaped fruits.Rosa macrophylla'Master Hugh' has the largest hips of any readily available rose.[2]
Rose hips are commonly used in herbal tea, often blended withhibiscus.An oil is also extracted from the seeds.Rose hip soup,known asnyponsoppainSwedish,is especially popular in Sweden.Rhodomel,a type ofmead,is made with rose hips.
Rose hips can be used to makepálinka,the traditional Hungarian fruitbrandypopular in Hungary, Romania, and other countries sharing Austro-Hungarian history. Rose hips are also the central ingredient ofcockta,the fruity-tasting national soft drink ofSlovenia.
Dried rose hips are also sold for crafts and home fragrance purposes. TheInupiatmix rose hips withwild redcurrantandhighbush cranberriesand boil them into a syrup.[3]
Nutrients and research
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Wild rose hip fruits are particularly rich invitamin C,containing 426 mg per 100 g[4]or 0.4% by weight (w/w).RP-HPLCassays of fresh rose hips and several commercially available products revealed a wide range ofL-ascorbic acid(vitamin C) content, ranging from 0.03 to 1.3%.[5]
Rose hips contain thecarotenoidsbeta-carotene,lutein,zeaxanthin,andlycopene.[6][7]Ameta-analysisof human studies examining the potential for rose hip extracts to reducearthritispain concluded there was a small effect requiring further analysis of safety and efficacy inclinical trials.[8]Use of rose hips is not considered an effective treatment for kneeosteoarthritis.[9]
See also
[edit]- Rose hip seed oil
- Rose hip soup
- Rose hip wine
- Rosa canina
- Rosa moschata
- Rosa rubiginosa
- Rosa gymnocarpa
References
[edit]- ^Albert MR (1998). "Novelty shop" itching powder ".Australasian Journal of Dermatology.39(3): 188–9.doi:10.1111/j.1440-0960.1998.tb01281.x.PMID9737050.S2CID9033914.
- ^Rise, Graham (2022)."Hipster roses".The Royal Horticultural Society.Archivedfrom the original on 29 March 2022.Retrieved29 March2022.
- ^Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat=Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 105
- ^"Rose Hips, wild (Northern Plains Indians) per 100 g".US Department of Agriculture, National Nutrient Database, Standard Reference Release 28. 2016.Archivedfrom the original on 3 April 2019.Retrieved28 January2018.
- ^Ziegler SJ (1986). "Fast and Selective Assay of l-Ascorbic Acid in Rose Hips by RP-HPLC Coupled with Electrochemical and/or Spectrophotometric Detection".Planta Medica.52(5): 383–7.doi:10.1055/s-2007-969192.PMID17345347.
- ^Jacoby FC; Wokes F (1944)."Carotene and lycopene in rose hips and other fruit".Biochemical Journal.38(3): 279–82.doi:10.1042/bj0380279.PMC1258081.PMID16747793.
- ^Horváth, G; Molnár, P; Radó-Turcsi, E; et al. (2012)."Carotenoid composition and in vitro pharmacological activity of rose hips"(PDF).Acta Biochimica Polonica.59(1): 129–32.doi:10.18388/abp.2012_2187.PMID22428123.Archived(PDF)from the original on 2022-01-03.Retrieved2014-07-29.
- ^Christensen, R; Bartels, E. M.; Altman, R. D.; Astrup, A; Bliddal, H (2008)."Does the hip powder ofRosa canina(rosehip) reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients?--a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials ".Osteoarthritis and Cartilage.16(9): 965–72.doi:10.1016/j.joca.2008.03.001.PMID18407528.Archivedfrom the original on 2022-03-31.Retrieved2016-03-14.
- ^McAlindon, T. E.; Bannuru, R. R.; Sullivan, M. C.; et al. (2014)."OARSI guidelines for the non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis".Osteoarthritis and Cartilage.22(3): 363–88.doi:10.1016/j.joca.2014.01.003.PMID24462672.
External links
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Media related toRose hipat Wikimedia Commons
