Sabine Bergmann-Pohl
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Sabine Bergmann-Pohl Bundesministerin a. D. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Bergmann-Pohl in 1990 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Head of stateof the German Democratic Republic(East Germany) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interim | |||||||||||||||||||||
In office 5 April 1990 – 3 October 1990 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Minister-President | Hans Modrow Lothar de Maizière | ||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Manfred Gerlach(asChairman of the State Council) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Succeeded by | Richard von Weizsäcker(asPresident of Germany) | ||||||||||||||||||||
President of the Volkskammer | |||||||||||||||||||||
In office 5 April 1990 – 2 October 1990 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Deputy | |||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Günther Maleuda | ||||||||||||||||||||
Succeeded by | Rita Süssmuth(asPresident of the Bundestag) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Minister for Special Affairs | |||||||||||||||||||||
In office 3 October 1990 – 18 January 1991 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Chancellor | Helmut Kohl | ||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Position established | ||||||||||||||||||||
Succeeded by | Position abolished | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Health | |||||||||||||||||||||
In office 18 January 1991 – 26 October 1998 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Chancellor | Helmut Kohl | ||||||||||||||||||||
Minister | Gerda Hasselfeldt Horst Seehofer | ||||||||||||||||||||
Preceded by | Anton Pfeifer | ||||||||||||||||||||
Succeeded by | Christa Nickels | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Personal details | |||||||||||||||||||||
Born | Sabine Schulz 20 April 1946 Eisenach,Thuringia,Soviet occupation zone,Allied-occupied Germany(nowGermany) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Political party | Christian Democratic Union(1990–) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other political affiliations | Christian Democratic Union (East)(1981–1990) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Spouses | Ulrich Pohl (m.1972–1979)Jürgen Bergmann (m.1990) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Children | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Residence | Berlin | ||||||||||||||||||||
Alma mater | Humboldt University of Berlin(Dr. med.) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Occupation |
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Sabine Bergmann-Pohl(néeSchulz;German:[zaˈbiːnəˈbɛʁkmanpoːl];born 20 April 1946) is a German doctor and politician. A member of theChristian Democratic Union of Germany(CDU), she waspresidentof thePeople's ChamberofEast Germanyfrom April to October 1990. During this time, she was also the interim head of state of East Germany, holding both posts until the state's merger intoWest Germanyin October. She was the youngest, only female and the last head of state of East Germany. After thereunification of Germany,she served in the government of ChancellorHelmut Kohl,first asMinister for Special Affairs,one of five appointed in 1991 to provide representation for the last East German government in the Kohl cabinet, then as Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Health for the remainder of Chancellor Kohl's time in office.[1]
Early life and education
[edit]She was born Sabine Schulz inEisenach,Thuringia.After leavingschoolin 1964, Bergmann-Pohl was initially not admitted to university and entered a two-year internship at the Institute of Forensic Medicine atHumboldt UniversityinEast Berlin.In 1966, she began to studymedicineand graduated in 1972 with a diploma in medicine. From 1979, she worked as alungspecialist and in 1980, earned a medical doctorate.
From 1980 to 1985, she was medical director of the polyclinic department for lung diseases andtuberculosisinBerlin-Friedrichshain.From 1985 to 1990, she was medical director at the District Office for lung diseases and tuberculosis inEast Berlin.
In 1990, Bergmann-Pohl was made Patron of the General Disabled Persons in Germany (ABID eV). In 2003, she became President of the BerlinRed Crossand a member of the Presidium of theInternational Federation,where she has served as vice president since 2007.
Political career
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1990-1002-019%2C_Berlin%2C_Volkskammersitzung.jpg/235px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1990-1002-019%2C_Berlin%2C_Volkskammersitzung.jpg)
In 1981, she joined theEast German CDU,one of thebloc partiesof the GDR, and in 1987 was elected to the district board inEast Berlin.
In thegeneral election of March 1990,the only free and fair election ever held in East Germany, she was elected to thePeople's Chamber,which on 5 April elected her its president. On the same day, parliament also abolished theState Council,the country's collective presidency. Under the Constitution, the president of the People's Chamber was ex officio vice president of the GDR; as such, Bergmann-Pohl assumed the role of interim head of state as well. In that role, she presided over the People's Chamber formally petitioning to join theFederal Republic of Germanyon 23 August, as well as the overwhelming approval of theunification treatyon 12 September.
AfterGerman reunificationon 3 October 1990, she became a member of theBundestagand, along with other leading members of the last East German government, was also appointedFederal Minister for Special Affairsin ChancellorHelmut Kohl'scabinet.[2]
After the1990 all-German election,she was appointedParliamentary Secretaryin theFederal Ministry for Healthon 18 January 1991. Following her party's defeat in the1998 election,she departed from the government on 27 October 1998 but remained in the Bundestag until 2002.
Personal life
[edit]Sabine Bergmann-Pohl was married to Ulrich Pohl from 1972 to 1979. They had two children. Since 1990 she is married to Jürgen Bergmann. She is aProtestant.[3][4]
Offices
[edit]- Parliamentary mandates
- Member of the People's Chamber of the GDR (1990)
- President of the People's Chamber (1990)
- Member of the German Bundestag (1990–2002)
- Government Offices
- Federal Minister for Special Affairs (1990–1991)
- Parliamentary State Secretary in the Ministry of Health (1991–1998)
Writings
[edit]- Frequency of a history and clinical findings of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in childhood, their relationship to lung function and determination of reference values for the ventilation and distribution parameters on Pneumotestgerät. Results of a school investigation.Dissertation Academy for Medical Training of East Berlin, 1981, Berlin-Karow, 1976.
- Farewell without tears. Looking back at the year of the Unification. Recorded byDietrich von Thadden.Ullstein, Berlin – Frankfurt/Main, 1991ISBN3-550-07802-1
- Sabine Bergmann-Pohl & Paul B. Wink (ed.):Panel Discussion 1953-1989: Germany on the way to unity and freedom on the occasion of the 50th Anniversary of the uprising in East Germany on 17 June 2003 at the Academy of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation in Berlin,Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, Berlin 2004ISBN3-937731-00-8
- Sabine Bergmann-Pohl &Wilhelm Staudacher(ed.):"The cry for freedom." The Hungarian Revolution of 1956,Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, Berlin 2007ISBN978-3-939826-46-0
References
[edit]- ^Torild Skard (2014) "Sabine Bergmann-Pohl" inWomen of Power – Half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide,Bristol: Policy Press,ISBN978-1-44731-578-0
- ^"Die Mitglieder des Deutschen Bundestages – 1.-13. Wahlperiode: Alphabetisches Gesamtverzeichnis; Stand: 28. Februar 1998"[The members of the German Bundestag – 1st – 13th term of office: Alphabetical complete index].webarchiv.bundestag.de(in German). Deutscher Bundestag, Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Bundestages (WD 3/ZI 5). 28 February 1998.Retrieved21 May2020.
- ^Archived copyArchived2 July 2007 at theWayback Machine
- ^Biografie. Sabine Bergmann
External links
[edit]- Heads of state of East Germany
- 1946 births
- Christian Democratic Union (East Germany) politicians
- East German women
- Female heads of state
- Female members of the Bundestag
- Female members of the Volkskammer
- German Protestants
- Federal government ministers of Germany
- Leaders of East Germany
- Presidents of the Volkskammer
- Living people
- Members of the Bundestag for Berlin
- Members of the Bundestag 1998–2002
- Members of the Bundestag 1994–1998
- Members of the Bundestag 1990–1994
- Members of the Bundestag 1987–1990
- Members of the 10th Volkskammer
- People from Eisenach
- Women federal government ministers of Germany
- Members of the Bundestag for the Christian Democratic Union of Germany
- 21st-century German women politicians
- First women presidents in Europe
- 20th-century women presidents