Sadz
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TheSadzorAsadzwa,alsoJigets,are a subethnic group of theAbkhazians.They are sometimes purported to have originated from theSanigoitribe mentioned by the Classic authors. In the 6th century, they formed a tribal principality, which later commingled with theAbasgoi,ApsilaeandMissimianoiinto theKingdom of Abkhazia.
Until 1864 Sadz lived at theBlack Seacoast north toGagrauntil theKhosta River(Khamysh River). They formed theSadzynarea, which consisted of the possessions ofKamysh,Arydba,AmarshanandGechbaclans, under the hegemony ofTsanbaclan. TheUbykhprincesOblagua,ChizmaaandDziashalso originated from the Sadz.
Some think that in the 12-14th centuries a part of the Sadz have been forced to resettle to thenorthern mountainsideofCaucasus Majorunder the Ubykh pressure. They formed thereAbazinpeople.[citation needed]This is only one of the theories explaining the migration from Abkhazia of the ancestors of what is now the Abaza people. After theRussian-Circassian Warended in 1864 most of the Sadz were forced to turnmuhajir,moving to theOttoman Empire.Some of them settled inAdjara(then under the Ottoman possession). Now theSadz dialectof theAbkhaz languageis spoken only inTurkey.It consists of Akhaltsys and Tswyzhy subdialects.
The Sadz, Aibga andAkhchipsoutribes of Abkhazia were the last ethnic groups to have offered the resistance to the Russian advances during theCaucasus War.The last tribes conquered by Russians wereAhchypsyandAibga,who lived in and around of what is nowKrasnaya Polyana.
References
[edit]- Анчабадзе З. В.Из истории средневековой Абхазии.Сухум, 1959.
- Анчабадзе П. Д. Абаза. (К этно-культурной истории народов Северо-Западного Кавказа). КЭС, 1984, т. 8.
- Анчабадзе Ю. Д., Волкова Н.Г. Этническая история Северного Кавказа XVI-XIX вв. //Материалы к серии "Народы и культуры".Выпуск XXVIII. «Народы Кавказа». М., 1993. Книга 1.
- Волкова Н. Г.Этнонимы и племенные названия Северного Кавказа.М., 1973.
- Инал-Ипа Ш. Д. Садзы. //Материалы к серии «Народы и культуры».Выпуск XXVIII. «Народы Кавказа», М., 1995. Книга 2.
- Чирикба, В.А. Расселение абхазов в Турции. Annex to: Инал-Ипа Ш. Д.Садзы. //Материалы к серии «Народы и культуры».Выпуск XXVIII. «Народы Кавказа», М., 1995. Книга 2,p. 260-277.
- Chirikba, V.A. Sadz, an Abkhaz Dialect in Turkey. In:Howard A. Aronson (ed.).NSL.8. Linguistic Studies in the Non-Slavic Languages of the Commonwealth of Independent States and the Baltic Republics,Chicago: The University of Chicago, 1996, p. 67-81.
- Chirikba, V.A. Distribution of Abkhaz Dialects in Turkey. In:A. Sumru Özsoy(ed.).Proceedings of the Conference on Northwest Caucasian Linguistics, 10–12 October 1994. Studia Caucasologica III. Novus forlag - Oslo,Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning,1997,p. 63-88.
- Chirikba, V.A.A Grammar of Sadz Abkhaz(Forthcoming).