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Sandefjord Airport, Torp

Coordinates:59°11′12″N010°15′31″E/ 59.18667°N 10.25861°E/59.18667; 10.25861
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Sandefjord Airport, Torp

Sandefjord lufthavn, Torp
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerSandefjord kommune
(43,26%)
Vestfold fylkeskommune
(43,26%)
Vestfold Flyplassinvest AS
(13,48%)
OperatorSandefjord Lufthavn AS
ServesVestfold,Norway
HubforWiderøe
ElevationAMSL87 m / 285 ft
Coordinates59°11′12″N010°15′31″E/ 59.18667°N 10.25861°E/59.18667; 10.25861
Websitewww.torp.no
Map
TRF is located in Norway
TRF
TRF
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
18/36 2,989 9,806 Asphalt
Statistics (2017)
Passengers1,963,000
Aircraft movements42,139
Cargo (tonnes)23
Source:NorwegianAIPatAvinor[1]
Statistics fromAvinor[2][3][4]

Sandefjord Airport, Torp(Norwegian:Sandefjord lufthavn, Torp;IATA:TRF,ICAO:ENTO) is a minorinternational airportlocated 4nautical miles(7.4 km; 4.6 mi) northeast ofSandefjordand 110 kilometers (68 mi) south ofOsloinNorway.The airport features a 2,989-meter (9,806 ft) runway aligned 18/36. Torp partially serves as a regional airport forVestfoldand in part as a low-cost airport forEastern Norwayand the capital,Oslo.Widerøehave a base at Torp, serving both domestic and shorter International flights. It also sees scheduled flights byairBaltic,Ryanair,Wizz Air,andNorwegian Air Shuttle.As of 2021, it is the second-largest airport in eastern Norway in terms of flights afterRyggeshut down in 2016.[5]

The airport was built largely withNATOfunding as one of several bases to be used by theUnited States Air Forcein case of war. Construction started in 1953 and the airport was opened on 2 July 1956.[citation needed]By then the military interest in the airport had dwindled. Civilian flights commenced in 1958, and in 1960, a municipal airport company was established to run a civilian sector.Vestfoldflystarted operations the following year, and through a series of name changes and acquisitions has become the basis for Widerøe's operations at Torp. International services commenced in 1985 and Mediterranean charter services in 1992. The airport expanded in the 1960s and in 1997 became a Ryanair destination, which marketed it as an airport serving Oslo. The airport markets itself asTORP Sandefjord Airport(Norwegian:TORP Sandefjord lufthavn).

The main entry road fromEuropean route E18traverses thebirch treeforests ofFokserødNature Preserve.[6]

History[edit]

Establishment[edit]

Following the end of theSecond World Warand Norway's subsequent membership in NATO, it became strategically important to build several new air stations in the country. This was based on a United States analysis from 1951, carried out by General Robert K. Taylor, which intended to station threewings,each of 75 aircraft, in Denmark and Norway. Each wing would have about 3,000 permanently stationed American personnel. Norwegian policy prohibited permanent stationing of foreign military personnel on Norwegian soil, but allowed the United States to build air stations that would be suitable for refueling before attacking targets within Eastern Europe. There were two main strategies that NATO intended to use that would require a new military air station in Southern Norway. The first was the "polar strategy", which involved NATO aircraft flyingnuclear weaponsinto the Soviet Union. This would require refueling stations in Norway, but only about twenty permanently stationed personnel. The second was to station aircraft to allow aflanking maneuverif Soviet troops were to attack Central Europe.[7]

Negotiations between NATO, the United States and Norway were initiated on 27 March 1951. The United States wanted to own and operate the air stations itself, and use the stations forpreemptive strikestowards the Soviet Union. At the time, air stations were available for use atSola,Gardermoen,ListaandØrland,but more capacity would be needed. On 24 November, the United States proposed convertingTønsberg Airport, Jarlsberginto an air force station. NATO dedicated NOK 48 million to rebuild the airport. The issue was discussed byParliamenton 4 March 1952 along with several other proposals to build air stations or expand airports to meet NATO's needs, namely Gardermoen, Jarlsberg, Lista, Ørland, Bardufoss and Rygge. The legislature approved funding the program with NOK 92 million of the total NOK 277.6 million budget. In May 1952, Prime MinisterOscar Torpinformed United States GeneralDwight D. Eisenhowerthat he intended to try to convince Parliament to change the Norwegian base policies to allow permanent stationing of foreign troops. This was not successful, and Parliament would not change the policy. Instead, the politicians hoped the American fighters based in Denmark would defend Norway.[8]

Closer investigations of Jarlsberg showed that the airport was not suitable for expansion. The airport had been expanded in 1950, receiving a 1,200-meter (3,900 ft) runway. An air station forRepublic F-84 Thunderjetfighter jets would require a 3,000-meter (9,800 ft) runway, and due to surrounding hills this was not possible at Jarlsberg. Instead, the military looked at Langåker and Torp as possible locations. However, the military did note that Jarlsberg would be easier to defend, but that the defensibility was correlated to the rugged terrain that made expansion difficult. Torp was also preferred due to its close proximity to theEuropean Route E18,and theVestfold LineandRåstad Station.The choice of location was approved by NATO on 6 September 1952, and by theCabinet of Norwayon 12 September. It was unanimously passed by Parliament on 18 October, with onlyTorgeir Andreas Bergespeaking up against the location. Berge, who lived within the approach area of the airport, was concerned about noise pollution affecting the local population.[9]

Torp was in part chosen due to its proximity toRaastad Stationon theVestfold Line

The governmentexpropriatedthe necessary land in February 1953. This covered 4.0 square kilometers (1.5 sq mi), of which 3.5 km2(1.4 sq mi) was forest, 0.25 km2(0.097 sq mi) was fields and 0.25 km2(0.097 sq mi) was pasture. About half the area was in the municipality of Stokke, the rest in the former municipality ofSandar.Thirty-seven land-owners were affected, receiving a combined compensation NOK 3.75 million. The builder was theNorwegian Defence Estates Agencyand the main contractor wasAstrup & Aubert.Other major contractors were Lo-Wi-Co, who did most of the explosives, and Byggmester Thor Kandal jr., who built the buildings. A pumping station for fuel was built at the shore at Bogen, and a pipeline built to the air station. The fuel was transported to Bogen with small tank ships from Vølle and later Slagentangen. This system was built by the United States, and was in use until 1993. The runway and taxiway were built in concrete. Up to twenty people worked on the construction at any time.[10]The official opening occurred on 2 July 1956, when two F-84s landed at 11:00.[11]

First civilian operation[edit]

Torp during construction

The interest to use Torp as an air station dwindled during the 1950s. Norway did not need the station for regular stationing of aircraft, and the United States did not need it as long as Norway did not allow permanent stationing of foreign troops. In October 1956, the military stated that they did not mind if Torp also inaugurated a civilian sector. The municipalities established committee, and on 2 October 1957 theMinistry of Transport and Communicationsgranted permission to establish a municipal civilian sector at Torp. At the time, Jarlsberg was still being used for scheduled services to Vestfold, and the plans to open Torp as a civilian airport met political resistance from Tønsberg. The civilian sector would cost NOK 900,000, including aterminal building,acontrol tower,small maintenance facilities and a tarmac. Alimited company,Andelslaget Torp flyplass, was established on 24 October 1958. In addition to the municipalities of Stokke and Sandar, several local companies and private individuals bought shares. The company changed its name to AS Torp Flyplass in 1959.[12]

The first civilian aircraft to land was aDouglas DC-3fromFred. Olsen Airtransportin 1958. The first scheduled flight was aBraathens SAFEFokker F27on 13 October, a route that flew daily from Oslo along the South Coast toStavanger.The construction was completed on 15 September 1959 and the airport was officially opened on 5 October. On 16 October, bothOslo Airport, FornebuandOslo Airport, Gardermoenwere closed due to fog, and eight scheduled aircraft were rerouted to Sandefjord. The name of the company was changed to AS Sandefjord Lufthavn in 1960, and the airport named Sandefjord Airport, Torp.[13]Local patriots had expected Braathens SAFE to relocate their route from Jarlsberg to Torp after the opening of the airport, but this was not carried out. Braathens SAFE receivedconcessionin 1960 to fly from Oslo via Sandefjord andKristiansandtoAalborgin Denmark twice a week. The service was terminated after a single season due toScandinavian Airlinestaking over the route, and removing Sandefjord from the schedule.[14]

Military activity[edit]

NATO decided in 1957 to build arsenals for nuclear weapons in all member countries, including Norway. Because the weapons were to be operated only by American personnel, this was in violation with Norwegian base policy. However, foreign personnel was allowed to be based in Norway during war, and therefore infrastructure would be allowed to be built in Norway to allow nuclear weapons to operate from Norway in such a scenario. Norway approved that seven air stations, including Torp, would have conventional ammunition storages that could be converted to nuclear weapons storage facilities in war, and allow the weapons to be transported into Norway following the declaration of war. The arsenals were built underground in bedrock with reinforced concrete.[15]

The arsenal caused massive local protests, and the municipal council made a declaration where it supported the concerns raised about the danger of an explosion. The protests were not taken consideration to, following a report from another division of the military that stated that the risk of an explosion was close to zero. Construction started in May 1961.[16]The hangar that was built at Torp was used by Horten Flyfabrikk from 1956 to 1965. It had up to 270 employees and had previously been based at Jarlsberg. Marinens Hovedverft performed maintenance of a single aircraft in 1967, but terminated operations at Torp afterwards.[17]

Slow growth[edit]

Vestfoldfly was established at Torp in 1961. It operated various charter services, including flights of newspapers. During the 1960s, Vestfoldfly never received aconcessionfor a regular, scheduled flight from Sandefjord to Oslo. The reason was that the Skien-basedFjellflyheld the concession for the routes from Oslo to Sandefjord, Tønsberg and Skien. Fjellfly never used its landing rights at Sandefjord, but nevertheless still hindered Vestfoldfly from starting a competing route.[18]The municipalities of Sandefjord and Sandar merged in 1968, giving the Sandefjord a 93.11 percent ownership in the airport. During the entire 1960s, the airport company lost money.[19]

Vestfoldfly split in two in the late 1960s, creating an aviation school which remained in operation until 1999. The other activity was renamed Norsk Flytjeneste. In 1969, Norsk Flytjeneste andJotun,a large Sandefjord-based industrial company, established Penguin Air Service, where Norsk Flytjeneste owned 25 percent of the shares. Penguin Air Service company bought a six-seatPiper PA-31 Navajoand started charter services for Jotun. In 1975, Bugge Supplyship also joined the joint venture and a second aircraft was bought. Most of the traffic was for the oil industry toStavanger.[20]

Nordic Airwas established in 1970 and commenced cargo charter services out of Torp. They remained in service until 1973.[21]Nor-Fly started operating from Sandefjord in 1974. The airline at first had a Douglas DC-3, and later fourConvair 440.The company had been established in 1952, and started flights from Sandefjord to serve commuters and business travelers toWestern Norwayand the oil industry. The airline applied concessions for scheduled services, but these were rejected by the government. The airline was sold toPartnairin 1985. By the 1970s, the airport company was still losing money, and in 1978 the airport had 3,000 passengers. The following year, the airport had 7,800 passengers, but this fell to 5,400 in 1982.[22]

By the 1980s, Norsk Air had up to four daily round toStavanger.From 12 January 1984 the airline was permitted to fly these as scheduled flights. Services toBergen Airport, Fleslandstarted on 10 July. Soon there were four daily round trips to both cities, supplemented by charter trips operated by Penguin.Busy Beestarted flights from Torp on 26 March 1984. It operated a single daily round trip from Sandefjord via Stavanger andHaugesundtoBergen.The company never made a profit on the service, and terminated it in 1991. This followed an agreement that oneFokker 50aircraft was to be sold to Widerøe Norsk Air.[23]Sandefjordbanken established a branch at the airport in 1985.[24]

Norsk Flytjeneste opened their first international route, toCopenhagen Airporton 30 July 1985.[25]It soon changed its name to Norsk Air.[26]With the introduction ofEmbraer EMB 120 Brasilia,Norsk Air established a route toGöteborg Landvetter Airportand toLondon Stansted Airport.Neither were profitable, and were quickly terminated.[27]When the airline's owners fell into financial distress and was bought byWiderøein 1989. They renamed the company Widerøe Norsk Air.[28]On 1 May 1996, Widerøe Norsk Air was merged with Widerøe and ceased to exist.[29]After the merger, Widerøe phased out the Brasilias and replaced them withde Havilland Canada Dash 8aircraft.[30]

Expansion[edit]

Douglas DC-3of Dakota Norway landing at Torp
Widerøede Havilland Canada Dash 8-300at Torp in 1999

The airport company made a NOK 2.1 million profit in 1985.[31]During the mid-1980s, local commercial interests stated that they wished for more activity at Torp. This led to a public debate about the structure and need for investments in the airport. Three main strategies were proposed: the municipality would sell the airport to private investors; the municipality,Vestfold County Municipalityand private investors would take over operation of the airport; or the airport would be taken over—fully or in part—by the state-ownedCivil Aviation Administration.In February 1986, Vestfold Industrial Association established the company I/S Vestfold Næringsliv for Torp (VNFT, renamed Vestfold Flyplassinvest in 1997). This company, along with the county municipality and Stokke Municipality, bought part of AS Sandefjord Lufthavn on 28 April 1987 through a private placement of NOK 18 million. This gave Sandefjord an ownership of 42.0 percent, Vestold 35.5 percent, VNFT 13.5 percent and Stokke 9.0 percent.[32]

The new owners concluded that the airport needed a new control tower and a new terminal building. Construction was issued as a public tender in 1987, but the military decided to stop the plans. At this time, a debate abouta new locationfor Oslo Airport had started. One of the proposals was to use Gardermoen, one of the two permanently used air stations in Eastern Norway. The air force was worried that they would have to abandon Gardermoen and relocate to Torp.[33]It would be likely that this would give twenty or forty fighter jets stationed at Torp.[34]The military expansion plans were not in line with the civilian ones. At the same time, the military felt that the existing terminal building was located too close to the arsenal, and that a new terminal had to relocate further away. The airport operators needed additional space. The old terminal had a capacity of 10,000 passengers; in 1984, it served 42,486, and in 1987, 100,907 passengers. By 1990, the issues related to Gardermoen had been resolved, and the military no longer had objections to expanding Torp.[35]

The private placement in 1987 allowed sufficient financing of a new terminal building. It was a 3,000-square-meter (32,000 sq ft) pointed building that was planned to have the largest possible surface facing the tarmac—to allow the highest possible number of aircraft to park. It was constructed in such a way that it could be easily expanded in both directions. The new terminal was completed in 1991 and cost NOK 47 million.[35]This also included a 29,700-kilometer (18,500 mi) tarmac, and expansion of the taxiway and parking for 300 cars.[36]There was also a need to upgrade the runway, which had had no major maintenance since construction. The end of theCold Warhad reduced the threat level and the military no longer saw a need to keep Torp at as high a level. However, the civilian airport operator needed the upgrades. They proposed that the airport operator advance the money, but this was rejected by the Defence Estates Agency. NATO decided that they had too many air stations, and was not willing to pay either. The airport operator still took the chance that the military would repay the advance, since it had done so in similar situation earlier. The runway was upgraded for NOK 10 million in 1989, but only NOK 1 million was refunded in 1993.[37]The first charter flights from Torp were conducted in 1989. Saga started flights to Mallorca in 1992, as did Vingreiser. These are today part ofMyTravel.[38]Torp Café and Catering Service Partner]] in 1998.[39]

Following theOslo Airport localization controversyin the 1980s and early 1990s, Parliament decided to locate the new main airport for Eastern Norway at Gardermoen, north of Oslo. This caused Buskerud, Vestfold and Telemark to grow further from the main airport, strengthening the regional position of Torp.[40]By 1990, the airport was again losing money, with a loss of NOK 2.1 million, but the passenger numbers were up to 137,279.[41]The debate about ownership woke again in 1992, this time with the Civil Aviation Administration considering if it should purchase part of or all of the airport. In 1992 the airport had 142,983 passengers, and the Civil Aviation Administration estimated that the airport would have 280,000 passengers following the closing of Fornebu in 1998. Local politicians did not want to sell the whole airport to the state, and the Civil Aviation Administration was not interested in purchasing part of the airport, so a sale did not go through.[42]

The air traffic employees in the control tower worked for the Civil Aviation Administration. In October 1991, they went on strike demanding that they receive better working conditions. However, the airport owner and the Civil Aviation Administration could not agree on who had the responsibility to build a new tower. Since 1987, the airport operator kept all landing fees, while the Civil Aviation Administration collected the navigation fees. The air force stated that it had no need for an upgrade to the airport, and was not willing to pay for further investments. The Ministry of Transport and Communications stated that the Civil Aviation Administration had previously decided that the state would not give subsidies to Sandefjord Airport, and that such investments must be carried by the operating company. Plans were made, but construction was stopped by the military in 1991.[43]

The next plan was launched in 1996, and parliament decided that the state would finance the new tower. However, when construction was to commence in 1998, the ministry decided that the tower instead should be financed by the airport operator. The ministry stated that this was because they did not want to use the limited state funds, that were entirely generated from user fees, to invest in airports that the state had chosen to not operate. It also stated that investments should be concentrated on security rather than increased capacity, and that the airport operating company had sufficient capital to finance the investments. Construction started in 1999 and was finished in 2001. The tower is identical to the one atTromsø Airportand cost NOK 40 million.[43]

Low-cost airport[edit]

Wizz AirAirbus A320-200landing at Sandefjord Airport, Torp
Overview of the airport today

The European aviation market was fully deregulated on 1 April 1997, and concession was no longer needed to fly internationally between countries within theEuropean Economic Area.The Irish airlineRyanairwanted to use this to establish several routes fromLondon Stansted Airport,including Oslo. They intended to market Sandefjord Airport as Oslo South (later Oslo Torp). Ryanair and Torp had meetings to discuss the matter, but the airport instead wanted SAS and Braathens SAFE to establish routes. However, neither of these were interested. To create pressure against Ryanair in the negotiations, the airport operator contactedEasyJet,who also considered flying from London to Torp. In the end, Ryanair was the only airline that established itself following the deregulation. The first Ryanair flight, with aBoeing 737-200,departed on 3 November 1997. The branding of Torp as Oslo caused a heated discussion between the Civil Aviation Administration, after theInternational Air Transport Associationin 1998 placed Sandefjord Airport under the area code for Oslo.[44]

Torp had 158,972 passengers in 1996 and the company lost NOK 1.3 million. In addition, a new private placement was made for NOK 3.5 million by the existing owners.[45]The airport had 410,944 passengers in 1998 and made a profit of NOK 349,000. Sandefjord became the country's tenth-largest airport.[46]The airport grew to 684,431 passengers in 1999 and produced a profit of NOK 23.4 started a restaurant in the terminal building in 1991, which allowed them to provide catering to the airlines. The catering was taken over by Select Service Partner AS. The terminal was expanded to fit 1 million passengers annually, and a new parking house was built.[47]From 1998, Sandefjord Airport strengthened itself in two directions. The commercial interests of Telemark declared that they would focus on using the larger Sandefjord Airport instead ofSkien Airport, Geiteryggen.At the same time, the moving of Oslo Airport from Fornebu to Gardermoen made Torp a more viable regional airport.[48]By 2000 the airport had 758,951 passengers.[49]The duty-free store was operated by Norsk Air, later by Widerøe, until 1998, when it was taken over bySAS Catering.It was taken over by Jotunfjell Partners in 2006.[50]The sheriff's office in Sandefjord was responsible for border control at Torp until 1999. From then the airport has been a separate border control office, and by 2004 it had 23 employees.[51]Since 2003 the custom's office for Vestfold is located at Torp, and theNorwegian Customs and Excise Authoritieshas about fifty employees stationed.[52]

Norwegian leisure airlineConTigostarted charter flights usingBoeing 727on 3 November 1996, but terminated services after 22 December.Coast Airstarted flights from Sandefjord toHaugesund Airport, Karmøytwice daily from 26 October 1998. SAS started two daily flights to Copenhagen from 29 March 1999; these were taken over by Widerøe from 1 January 2002. Braathens, along with its partnerKLM,started operating from Sandefjord. KLM offeredFokker 70services to its hub atAmsterdam Airport Schipholthree times daily from 1 May 1999 through their subsidiaryKLM Cityhopper.Braathens started operating services with Boeing 737s to Stavanger and Bergen on 9 May, but terminated the services from 1 November due to low yield.Sun Air of Scandinavia,a franchise ofBritish Airways,started flights from Torp toBillund Airporton 1 November 1999, but this was terminated in March 2000.GuardAirstarted flights from Torp toÅlesund Airport, Vigra,Kristiansand andGothenburgin 1998, as well as moving the company's head offices to Torp, but the airline went bankrupt in 2001.

Development since the 2000s[edit]

Swedish low-cost airlineGoodjetstarted flights from Torp toBeauvais–Tillé AirportnearParison 15 July 2002 usingAirbus A320-200aircraft. The airline terminated all services on 6 December of the same year.[53]

Ryanair commenced flights toGlasgow Prestwick Airporton 4 April 2002. The same year, the airport expanded the international arrival section, and the airport passed one million annual passengers, and the airport is the seventh largest in the country. The profit had sunk to NOK 9.3 million. A new 6,000-square-meter (65,000 sq ft) international terminal was opened in 2003. On 4 April, Ryanair started a service toStockholm Skavsta Airport.[54]The airport had 1,084,244 passengers in 2004,[55]and a revenue of NOK 163.2 million.[56]A survey conducted in 2004 showed that 64 percent of the passengers at Torp were tourist rather than business travelers, about twice the level of other airports. The same year, both Widerøe and Ryanair had 450,000 passengers, while KLM had 80,000. The largest destination was London with 250,000 passengers, followed by Copenhagen and Frankfurt with 120,000.[57]

During the planning of high-speed upgrade of the line, plans called to move the line to create a station integrated in the airport terminal, as had been done withOslo Airport StationandTrondheim Airport Station.However, as the construction of a new Vestfold Line was put on hold, an intermediate solution was found to reopen Råstad Station, and offer a shuttle bus to the airport. On 16 May 2007, Vestfold County Municipality announced that they would forward the investment costs of NOK 7 million for the new station, with a payback from the National Rail Administration by 2012. The latter would build, own and operate the station.[58]The station opened on 21 January 2008, and the new platform is located on the east side of the tracks. The old station building, location in the west side, has been converted into a museum.[59]During the first year, 80,000 passengers used the station, sufficient to make the NOK 4.5 million used by NSB on the shuttle bus profitable.[60]

As a decision was made to closeMoss Airport, Ryggeby 30 October 2016,Ryanairannounced in July 2016 it would relocate several routes from Moss to Sandefjord by then.[61]

On 10 January 2024, after almost 25 years of operations at the airport, the leadership ofKLMannounced that they would terminate the airlines' route toAmsterdam,effective from 31 March 2024.[62]According to KLM, the decision was made due to the coming slot restrictions atSchiphol,as well as that the ticket sales hadn't reached a satisfactory level as it had before theCOVID-19 pandemic.As the route was quite popular among the local population for its offering ofconnecting flightsto the rest of the world throughKLM's wide network of destinations,the decision has been met with severe criticism by civilians, businesses, as well as local and regional politicians.

Facilities[edit]

Overview[edit]

The runway runs due north–south (18/36). It is 2,989 by 45 meters (9,806 by 148 ft) and in asphalt, except both 500 meters (1,600 ft) ends that are in concrete. There is a taxiway on the far side of the terminal building. The airport is equipped withinstrument landing system category 2from both ends. The control tower services are operated byAvinor.The tarmac has eleven aircraft stands.Deicingis available.Widerøe Ground Handlingis the onlyhandling agentat the airport.[63]

Maintenance[edit]

Widerøehas the largest maintenance facility at Torp, providing full maintenance for the airlines own fleet ofDash 8series 100, 300, and 400 aircraft. Helifly provides maintenance for both aircraft and helicopters. Flyvedlikehold provides maintenance for both aircraft and helicopters, engines, and is a retailer of pilot accessories like headsets, helmets, and so on.

Airlines and destinations[edit]

The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter services to and from Sandefjord:[64]

AirlinesDestinations
airBalticCopenhagen[65][better source needed]
Seasonal:Gran Canaria,[66]Vilnius(begins 29 October 2024)[67]
Norwegian Air ShuttleAlicante,Málaga
Seasonal:Barcelona,[68]Gran Canaria,Palma de Mallorca[68]
RyanairAlicante,Bergamo,Gdańsk,Kraków,London–Stansted,Málaga,Manchester,Poznań,Riga,Warsaw–Modlin,Wrocław,Zagreb
Seasonal:Dubrovnik,[69]Palma de Mallorca,Pisa[70]
Scandinavian AirlinesCopenhagen[71]
Sunclass Airlines[72]Seasonal charter:Chania,Gran Canaria,Larnaca[73]
WiderøeBergen,Copenhagen,Stavanger,Trondheim
Seasonal:Florence,[74]Nice
Seasonal charter:Chania,Rhodes[75]
Wizz AirBucharest–Otopeni,Gdańsk,Skopje,Szczecin,Tirana,Warsaw–Chopin

Statistics[edit]

Annual passenger traffic at TRF airport. SeeWikidata query.

Ground transport[edit]

The train station
Sandefjord Airport, Torp station

Rail[edit]

Main article:Sandefjord Airport Station

Sandefjord Airport Station is located on theVestfold Line,about 3 kilometres (2 mi) from the airport. It is served by regional trains that operate betweenLillehammer—viaOslo AirportandOslo Central Station—andSkien.There are hourly trains in each direction, supplemented by rush-hour trains. Travel time to Oslo is 1 hour 48 minutes, and to Oslo Airport it is 2 hours 23 minutes.[76]A shuttle bus meets all trains during the opening hours of the airport, and a bus trip takes four minutes to the airport terminal. The shuttle bus leaves the airport ten minutes before each train's scheduled departure. The bus is operated by NSB and is included in the price of the train ticket. There are 42 bus departures each day.[77]

Coach[edit]

Torp-Ekspressen is a coach service operated byUnibuss Ekspressto Oslo connecting with all Ryanair's and Wizz Air's flights. Travel time is 1 hour and 50 minutes.[78][79]Telemarkekspressen, aNOR-WAY Bussekspressservice operated byTelemark Bilruter,offers coach services to Telemark, includingSkien,Porsgrunn,Ulefoss,BøandSeljord.[80]TheVy expressservice Sørlandsekspressen operates from a halt on the E18 (not from the airport terminal) to several cities along theSouth CoasttoKristiansand.[81]FromØstfold,the service Flybåten Express Østfold–Vestfold operates a coach on theMoss–Horten Ferryto Torp. This involves a change of coach in Tønsberg.[82]During winter, there are occasional buses that connect to ski resorts inGol,GeiloandHemsedal.[83]

Car[edit]

Sandefjord Airport is located 3 kilometres (2 mi) off theEuropean Route E18.Travel distance to Sandefjord is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) and to Oslo is 110 kilometres (68 mi).[84]The distance to Oslo Airport, Gardermoen is 167 kilometres (104 mi),[85]and to Moss Airport, Rygge is 63 kilometres (39 mi) (via the Moss–Horten Ferry).[86]

Trivia[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Airport information for ENTO"(PDF).Avinor. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 8 June 2012.Retrieved10 April2012.
  2. ^ "Passenger statistics from Avinor"(xls).Avinor.Retrieved10 April2012.
  3. ^ "Aircraft Movement statistics from Avinor".Avinor. Archived fromthe original(xls)on 29 August 2012.Retrieved10 April2012.
  4. ^ "Cargo statistics from Avinor".Avinor. Archived fromthe original(xls)on 29 August 2012.Retrieved10 April2012.
  5. ^"Flyplasser rundt Oslo: OSL (Gardermoen) og Torp".
  6. ^"Fokserød naturreservat".
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  27. ^Tjomsland: 128–130
  28. ^Tjomsland: 149–150
  29. ^Tjomsland, 2005: 186
  30. ^"Større Widerøe".Aftenposten(in Norwegian). 14 December 1996. p. 14.
  31. ^Tjomsland: 106
  32. ^Tjomsland: 118–121
  33. ^Tjomsland: 122
  34. ^Tjomsland: 134
  35. ^abTjomsland: 122–123
  36. ^Tjomsland: 168
  37. ^Tjomsland: 123–126
  38. ^Tjomsland: 238–239
  39. ^Tjomsland: 269
  40. ^Tjomsland: 138–139
  41. ^Tjomsland: 164
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Bibliography[edit]

  • Tjomsland, Audun (2005).Høyt spill om Torp(in Norwegian). Sandefjord: Tjomsland Media.ISBN82-997212-0-2.

External links[edit]

Media related toSandefjord Airport, Torpat Wikimedia Commons

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