Sanshō(sumo)
Sanshō(Tam thưởng,lit: three prizes)are the three special prizes awarded to top (Makuuchi) divisionsumowrestlers for exceptional performance during a sumohonbashoor tournament. The prizes were first awarded in November 1947.
Criteria[edit]
All wrestlers in the top division below the rank ofōzekiare eligible. In order to be considered for a special prize, a rikishi must make akachi-koshior majority of wins during the tournament. Among eligible rikishi, the prize winners are decided by a panel which includes press writers covering the tournament. There is no requirement that the prizes must be awarded, and it sometimes happens that one or more of thesanshōare not given. It is also common for an award to be awarded to more than one wrestler.
The three prizes are
- Shukun-shō(Thù huân thưởng),Outstanding Performance prize
- Kantō-shō(Cảm đấu thưởng),Fighting Spirit prize
- Ginō-shō(Kỹ năng thưởng),Technique prize
Typically, theGinō-shōis awarded to a wrestler or wrestlers who display the most skillfulkimarite,or techniques; theShukun-shōis awarded to a wrestler who defeats theyokozunaor the eventual tournament winner, or who otherwise displays outstanding performance relative to his rank; and theKantō-shōto a wrestler who has most clearly fought tenaciously and to the best of his abilities. TheGinō-shōis considered the most prestigious, and is also the prize most often not awarded at all: in 1988, it was withheld for five consecutive tournaments.[1]However, each award is worth the same amount of money, two millionyen.
It is ade factostandard that a newly promotedmakuuchiwrestler who manages a 10-5 or better record in his first tournament will be awarded asanshō,normally the Fighting Spirit prize. Similarly, a wrestler newly promoted to thesan'yakuranks abovemaegashirawho achieves a 10-5 record can expect a prize for his efforts.
There is no minimum or maximum limit to the number ofsanshōthat may be given. It is not uncommon for more than one wrestler to be awarded the same prize, and similarly there are occasions when one of the threesanshōtitles is not awarded at all. For example, it is unlikely that theShukun-shōwill be awarded if the tournament is won 15-0 by a loneyokozuna.[citation needed]
Sanshō are announced before the final day's matches, sometimes with a condition that the wrestler must win their last bout to receive the prize. For example,Wakatakakagereceived the Technique Prize in March 2022 unconditionally but had to win his last match and take the championship with a 13-2 record to also receive the Outstanding Performance prize.[2]He lost the match, and even though he went on to win the championship in a playoff shortly afterwards, was not given the Shukun-shō.
In July 2023, eightsanshōwere awarded in total, the most ever, while at others only one has been presented (most recently in September 2023). The September 2018 tournament marked the first time since the introduction ofsanshōin 1947 that none of the three prizes were awarded at all.[3]
Sanshōsweeps[edit]
On a few rare occasions, one wrestler has been awarded all three prizes simultaneously for his performance. This accolade has been given on only six separate occasions to six different wrestlers.
| Tournament | Wrestler | Rank | Record |
|---|---|---|---|
| July 1973 | Daiju Hisateru | Sekiwake | 13-2 |
| Sept 1973 | Ōnishiki Ittetsu | Maegashira11 | 11-4 |
| Jan 1992 | Takanohana Kōji | Maegashira2 | 14-1 |
| July 1999 | Dejima Takeharu | Sekiwake | 13-2 |
| Nov 2000 | Kotomitsuki Keiji | Maegashira9 | 13-2 |
| March 2024 | Takerufuji Mikiya | Maegashira17 | 13-2 |
*record in bold indicates wrestler also took championship
In September 2001, Kotomitsuki, in his championship tournament, came very close to being the only wrestler to receive all three prizes twice, but the Fighting Spirit prize went to thenmaegashiraAsashōryū.[4]
Active special prize winners[edit]
This is a list of active wrestlers who have been awarded special prizes in their careers.
Note: Yokozuna and Ōzeki are not awarded special prizes
| Total Sanshō | Name | Outstanding Performance |
Fighting Spirit |
Technique | Last awarded |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | Takayasu | 4 | 6 | 2 | 2022-11 |
| 10 | Mitakeumi | 6 | 1 | 3 | 2022-1 |
| 9 | Terunofuji | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2021-3 |
| 7 | Daieishō | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2023-3 |
| 7 | Shōdai | 1 | 6 | 0 | 2020-9 |
| 7 | Takakeishō | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2019-3 |
| 6 | Kotonowaka | 0 | 5 | 1 | 2024-1 |
| 6 | Asanoyama | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2019-11 |
| 6 | Endō | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2021-5 |
| 6 | Myōgiryū | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2021-9 |
| 5 | Aoiyama | 0 | 4 | 1 | 2021-3 |
| 5 | Abi | 1 | 4 | 0 | 2022-11 |
| 5 | Ōnosato | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2024-3 |
| 4 | Kirishima | 0 | 1 | 3 | 2023-5 |
| 4 | Ōnoshō | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2018-11 |
| 4 | Tamawashi | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2022-9 |
| 4 | Wakatakakage | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2022-9 |
| 3 | Takanoshō | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2022-5 |
| 3 | Hōshōryū | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2023-7 |
| 3 | Hokutofuji | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2023-7 |
| 3 | Takerufuji | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2024-3 |
| 2 | Meisei | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2023-5 |
| 2 | Ryūden | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2019-5 |
| 2 | Sadanoumi | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2022-5 |
| 2 | Shimanoumi | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2020-11 |
| 2 | Tobizaru | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2022-9 |
| 2 | Hakuōhō | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2023-7 |
| 2 | Atamifuji | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2023-11 |
| 2 | Wakamotoharu | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2024-1 |
| 1 | Enhō | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2019-7 |
| 1 | Kinbōzan | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2023-3 |
| 1 | Kotoshōhō | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2023-1 |
| 1 | Kyokutaisei | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2018-5 |
| 1 | Midorifuji | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2021-1 |
| 1 | Nishikifuji | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2022-7 |
| 1 | Takarafuji | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2016-7 |
| 1 | Tomokaze | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2019-7 |
| 1 | Tsurugishō | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2019-9 |
| 1 | Ura | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2021-11 |
| 1 | Nishikigi | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2023-7 |
| 1 | Gōnoyama | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2023-7 |
| 1 | Shōnannoumi | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2023-7 |
| 1 | Ichiyamamoto | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2023-11 |
| 1 | Ōshōma | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2024-5 |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Sharnoff, Lora (1993).Grand Sumo.Weatherhill. p. 98.ISBN0-8348-0283-X.
- ^"【 tam thưởng 】 thù huân thưởng 13 thắng ２ bại で ưu thắng すれば nhược long cảnh cảm đấu thưởng は cao an と cầm ノ nhược kỹ năng thưởng は nhược long cảnh (Special Prizes: Outstanding Performance award to Wakatakage with 13 wins and 2 losses, Fighting Spirit award to Takayasu and Kotonowaka, Technque Award to Wakatakakage)".Nikkan Sports(in Japanese). 27 March 2022.Retrieved28 March2022.
- ^"Sumo: Grand champion Hakuho wins Autumn meet with perfect record".The Mainichi. 23 September 2018. Archived fromthe originalon 24 September 2018.
- ^Doitsuyama."Banzuke Information".Sumo Reference.Retrieved2009-03-31.
- ^"Find Rikishi".