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Scarborough Day School

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Scarborough Day School
A school seal depicting a castle and ship
A two-story white Neoclassical school building
Vanderlip Hall in 2014
Address
Map
U.S. Route 9

Briarcliff Manor
,
New York
10510

United States
Information
School typePrivate
Motto"Life Is For Service" and "Manners Maketh Man"
Established1913
FounderFrankandNarcissa Cox Vanderlip
Closed1978
GradesPK-12
GenderCoed
Enrollment367 (peak in 1929)
150 (later years)
Campus typeSuburban
YearbookBeechwood Tree
Scarborough Day School
Area22 acres (8.9 ha)[2]
ArchitectWilliam W. Bosworth
NRHP referenceNo.84003433[1]
Added to NRHPSeptember 7, 1984
Map
Coordinates41°07′55″N73°51′41″W/ 41.131944°N 73.861306°W/41.131944; -73.861306

TheScarborough Day School[nb 1]was aprivate schoolin Scarborough-on-Hudson, inBriarcliff Manor, New York,United States.FrankandNarcissa Cox Vanderlipestablished the school in 1913 at their estate,Beechwood.The school, anonsectariannonprofit college preparatoryday school,taught students atpre-kindergartentotwelfth gradelevels and had small class sizes, with total enrollment rarely exceeding 150 students.[3]: 46–7 Since 1980, the buildings and property have been owned by The Clear View School Day Treatment Center,[4]: 158 which runs a day treatment program for 118 students.[5]The current school still uses the Scarborough School's theater, which was opened in 1917. The school campus is a contributing property to theScarborough Historic District.

The Scarborough Day School was accredited by theMiddle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schoolsand theBoard of Regentsof theUniversity of the State of New York.The school also was a member of theCum Laude Societyand theNational Association of Independent Schools.[3]: 47 Its seal copies that ofScarborough, North Yorkshire;Scarborough-on-Hudson's namesake.[6]: 51 

History

[edit]
A two-story brick house
TheEdward Harden Mansion
A rectangular two-story brick building
Marie Fayant Hall
A white Neoclassical school building
Vanderlip Hall, 1917

The Scarborough School was founded in 1913 byFrank A. VanderlipandNarcissa Cox Vanderlipfor their six children and the children of friends and neighbors.[4]: 73 Having met educatorMaria Montessoriduring their European travels, the Vanderlips pioneered theMontessori methodat theEdward Harden Mansionin nearbySleepy Hollowby creating the first Montessori school in the United States, in 1913.[7]Frank Vanderlip's sister Ruth was married to Harden; the families maintained close ties. After a year existing in two rooms of the Harden residence, the school moved to the River Gate House at the north end of River Road and the Beechwood estate.[8]

The school moved to its final location in 1917, at Vanderlip Hall, a building Vanderlip constructed in 1916 bordering Albany Post Road (currentU.S. Route 9). The building was designed for classes of ten, to accommodate 120 children total. It was situated on Beechwood's 80-acre (320,000 m2) parkland designed byFrederick Law Olmstedfor the Vanderlips. Throughout the school's history, students were open to wander the woodlands and gardens, utilize the lawns and tennis courts, and swim in the Olympic-sized pool. There were always farm animals nearby for the children to see and play with and a circus carousel to ride on. The school had a gymnasium class, amateur theater group, folk singing, a swimming pool, and an economic forum. Frank Vanderlip had spent about $500,000 on the school ($11,890,900 in 2023[9]), and he remained chairman of the school board of trustees until his death in 1937.[8]Regular art exhibits were held at the Scarborough School, including a sculpture exhibition in the Italian garden at Beechwood, which included works byJose de Creeft,Jason Seley (a longtime professor of sculpture atCornell), andRichard Stankiewicz.[4]: 151 

Early on in the school's history, the Vanderlips decided to change the school's system from the Montessori method to a more formal approach with more discipline, although students still had more freedom than the average school. In the 1930s, the school was considered progressive: students were not graded and were instructed to work at their own speed. The school flourished during almost two decades under the helm of Dr F. Dean McClusky, who went on to a career as a professor in the Department of Education atUCLA.[10][4]: 93 

The studio building was devoted to younger children (grades one, two, and three), and included a lunchroom, workshop, and art studio. Frank Vanderlip enjoyed teaching simplified political economy at the school; he would act outSwiss Family Robinsonon an imaginary island with students to demonstrate the development of capitalism. Narcissa Vanderlip ran the school lunchroom, and it is recorded that she served good simple food. She named some of her foods artistically (rice pudding with raisins was calledBête Noire a la Bolshevik). The studio building burned down in 1959.[4]: 93 

Members of the Vanderlip family, particularly Virginia Vanderlip Schoales, continued to administer the school for sixty years. A 1959 development plan made way for a new primary school in 1961, new science facilities in 1962, expansion of the library in 1963, and the creation of an organization for alumni, of whom there were more than a thousand living in 1977.[3]: 47 The school was unable to obtain sufficient funding and closed in 1978. In 1980, the buildings and property were taken over by The Clear View School Day Treatment Center, which opened in September 1981 after major renovations.[4]: 158 The school runs a day treatment program for 118 students from nursery school age to 21,[5]and is sponsored by the Association for Mentally Ill Children of Westchester; its program involves education, treatment, and crisis intervention and parent involvement.[11]

Campus

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Seal ofScarborough, North Yorkshire;the school's seal replicates it

The main Scarborough School building, Vanderlip Hall, was designed byWilliam W. Bosworth,known for landscapingKykuitand restoringVersailles.The school building was constructed in a severe, all-whiteNeoclassicalstyle, and was completed early in 1917.[8]In addition to a grandporticoedentry, there were two wings that housed classes, a library, cafeteria and gymnasium, basement science labs, and an art room measuring 1,000 square feet (93 m2), ringed on three sides with French windows.[8]In the 1960s, an additionalModerniststructure was built across a stream that would ultimately house the school's lower grades.

Rosemont,an estate and the birthplace ofJohn Worden,was later used by Vanderlip as a dormitory for Scarborough School boarding students. Rosemont stood opposite the Beechwood estate, at the corner of Route 9 and Scarborough Road. Another campus building was Marie Fayant Hall, which was originally Barnesby House, home to Dr. Percy Norman Barnesby. Vanderlip built the house for him and his wife; the house was later given to the Scarborough School and served as a girls' dormitory in the 1940s and as a headmaster's residence about thirty years later.[4]: 94 

Theater

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A theater with a yellow curtain
The Julie Harris Theater

Beechwood Theater, a replica of theLittle TheateronBroadway,was included in Wells Bosworth's design of the primary school building because Vanderlip particularly wanted his own theater. Beechwood Theater, with 256 gold velvet seats, was designed byWinthrop Amesaround 1917.[5]Details were closely examined upon construction; the lighting equipment, the scene lofts and fly gallery, and the dressing rooms were well-designed and state-of-the-art. The stage floor was designed especially for dancing, and the acoustics and theater proportions made varieties of productions possible.[4]: 96 

The theater was used for assemblies, plays, concerts, and lectures. It was also home to the Beechwood Players, an adult performing arts group which had its origins in 1919.[3]: 47 The Players put on several plays a year, summer and winter, six plays a year and three-night runs. They had started with three one-act plays but had graduated to full-length dramas. From its first years, Broadway actors used the theater when not otherwise engaged. Among them wereSylvia Sidney,Laurette Taylor,Lynn Fontanne,James Dean,Judson Laire,andParker Fennelly.Lecturers and performers in the Beechwood Theater includedSarah Bernhardt,Robert Frost,John Masefield,Vachel Lindsay,Eleanor Roosevelt,H. G. Wells,Stephen Vincent Benét,and aKing of Siam.[4]: 96 Other notable appearances at the theater includedCharles CoburnandIsadora Duncan.Audiences have includedFranklin D. Roosevelt,John D. Rockefeller Jr.,Henry Fordand the lastKing of Poland.[12]

The theater was opened and dedicated on January 2, 1917. The first concert took place on July 30, 1916, and was byIgnacy Jan Paderewski.During his performance, theBlack Tom explosiontook place at a munitions works in New Jersey, more than 30 miles (48 km) from Scarborough. Frank Vanderlip Jr., ten years old at the time, later recalled that he saw the detonation shake the jammed theater building, and that Paderewski had played on as if nothing had happened. The automatic fire doors at the top of the theater had sprung open, and two men were sent aloft to sit on them until the end of the performance to prevent a cold draft from entering the room.[4]: 96 

Following the Scarborough School's closing, the Beechwood Theater had stood empty for many years, and was restored in 1983 by the Greater Ossining Area Community Theater. On March 17, 1984, The Clear View School presented a solo performance ofCurrier Bell, Esquire(a dramatization ofCharlotte Brontë's life) performed byJulie Harris.[4]: 160 The performance was a $100-a-ticket benefit for the school.[5]Also on that day, the theater was rededicated as the Julie Harris Theater.Briarcliff High Schoolused the theater until its own was constructed in 1998.[12]

Alumni

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Three children sitting; a woman behind them
"Sistie"(left) and"Buzzie"(right), grandchildren ofFranklin D. Roosevelt

Notable alumni of the Scarborough School includeSecretary of the ArmyStephen Ailes,[13]Benjamin Cheever[14]and his sisterSusan Cheever,[15]Richard Pousette-Dart,anAbstract Expressionistartist, graduated from the school in 1935.[16]Anna Roosevelt Halstedlived withCurtis Bean Dallon nearby Sleepy Hollow Road; their childrenEleanor "Sistie"andCurtis "Buzzie"(grandchildren of President and Mrs. Roosevelt) attended the Scarborough School.[4]: 109 Other notable alumni includeMark Helprin,a writer who graduated in 1965;[17]the three children ofEly Jacques Kahn, Jr.;[4]: 218 John Kelvin Koelsch,a U.S. Navy officer during the Korean War and the first helicopter pilot to receive theMedal of Honor,who also lived in Scarborough;[18]Ralph J. Menconi,a medallic sculptor;Ilyasah Shabazz,an author and a daughter ofMalcolm X;andRichard Yates,a writer who attended from 1937 to 1939 while his mother taught sculpture there.[19]

The theatrical traditions of the school attracted many pupils with interests or family connections in the performing arts, including actressesJoan Evans,Tina Louise,Alexandra Berlin,[20]Broadway producer Dasha Amsterdam Epstein,[21]musical theater composerHenry Krieger[22](who attended the school with his sister), Margot Feiner (a niece ofRichard Rodgers), and Daniel and Margaret Da Silva (children ofHoward Da Silva[23]).[citation needed]

Headmasters

[edit]

Headmasters included:[6]: 51 

  • Elizabeth Moseley Dean (1913–1916)
  • Dr. Ernest Horn (1917–1918)
  • Wilford M. Aikin (1918–1922)
  • Morton Snyder (1922–1926)
  • Dr. Arthur H. Sutherland (1926–1927)
  • Dr. Frank M. McMurry (1927–1928)
  • Dr. F. Dean McClusky (1928–1945)[24]
  • Cornelius B. Boocock (1945–1948)
  • Philip L. Garland (1948–1951)
  • Thomas C. Schuller (1951–1961)[25][26]
  • H. L. Richardson (1964–1965)[27]
  • Robert C. Mellow (1967–1971)
  • A.W. Rousseau (1971–1972)
  • Donald F. Cantrell (1972–1974)
  • Douglas G. Carner (1976–1978)
  • Richard Pierce (1978)[28]
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  • A vocational classroom with workstations
    School Auto repair shop in 1917
  • A two-story school building
    School studio building in 1917
  • A school cafeteria with students eating
    School dining room in 1917
  • A one-story school building
    William T. Barnes Hall in 2014
  • A wooden one-story porticoed building
    The Thomas and Agnes Carvel Foundation Center for the Arts, opened May 17, 2006

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^The school was also known as the Scarborough School or the Scarborough Country Day School.

References

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  1. ^"National Register Information System".National Register of Historic Places.National Park Service.March 13, 2009.
  2. ^O'Brien, Austin (August 6, 1984)."National Register of Historic Places Inventory—Nomination form - Scarborough Historic District".National Park Service.United States Department of the Interior.RetrievedAugust 4,2015.See also:"Accompanying photographs".
  3. ^abcdMidge Bosak, ed. (1977).A Village Between Two Rivers: Briarcliff Manor.Monarch Publishing, Inc.
  4. ^abcdefghijklmCheever, Mary (1990).The Changing Landscape: A History of Briarcliff Manor-Scarborough.West Kennebunk, Maine: Phoenix Publishing.ISBN0-914659-49-9.LCCN90045613.OCLC22274920.OL1884671M.
  5. ^abcdKlein, Alvin (June 17, 1984)."A Small Playhouse Is Returned To Use".The New York Times.RetrievedApril 17,2014.
  6. ^abOur Village: Briarcliff Manor, N.Y. 1902 to 1952.Historical Committee of the Semi–Centennial. 1952.LCCN83238400.OCLC24569093.
  7. ^Booth, Charles Edwin (1914).The Vanderlip, Van Derlip, Vander Lippe Family in America.RetrievedDecember 31,2018.
  8. ^abcdWilliams, Gray (2003).Picturing Our Past: National Register Sites in Westchester County.Westchester County Historical Society.ISBN0-915585-14-6.
  9. ^1634–1699:McCusker, J. J.(1997).How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda(PDF).American Antiquarian Society.1700–1799:McCusker, J. J.(1992).How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States(PDF).American Antiquarian Society.1800–present:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis."Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–".RetrievedFebruary 29,2024.
  10. ^"University of California: In Memoriam, 1985".oac.cdlib.org.RetrievedMay 21,2020.
  11. ^"Westchester Guide: French Program".The New York Times.November 5, 1989.RetrievedJune 18,2014.
  12. ^abHerhenson, Roberta (March 15, 1998)."Honoring a Theater With 'My Fair Lady'".The New York Times.RetrievedJune 19,2014.
  13. ^"Stephen Ailes ('36 JD)".West Virginia University Alumni Association. Archived fromthe originalon September 17, 2011.RetrievedNovember 17,2014.
  14. ^Cheever, Benjamin(2007).Strides: Running Through History with an Unlikely Athlete.Rodale. p.34.ISBN1-59486-228-1.
  15. ^Donaldson, Scott (1988).John Cheever: A Biography.Random House.ISBN1-5040-2995-X.OCLC951807303.
  16. ^Monte, James K. (1974).Richard Pousette-Dart.New York, New York: Whitney Museum of American Art. p.63.LCCN74-22531.RetrievedJuly 31,2014.
  17. ^Helprin, Mark (1977).Refiner's Fire.Orlando, Florida: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.ISBN978-0-15-603107-3.
  18. ^"2013 Summer Newsletter".Briarcliff Manor-Scarborough Historical Society. 2013.RetrievedFebruary 27,2014.
  19. ^Bailey, Blake(2004) [2003].A Tragic Honesty: The Life and Work of Richard Yates(reprint ed.). Macmillan. p. 31.ISBN0-312-42375-6.
  20. ^"Alexandra Berlin".Playbill.RetrievedDecember 27,2021.
  21. ^"A Life in Theatre".Barnard Magazine.RetrievedDecember 27,2021.
  22. ^Buckley, Michael (December 17, 2006)."Stage to Screens:" Dreamgirls "Composer Krieger and Co-Star Rose; Plus David Warren".Playbill, Inc.RetrievedJanuary 19,2015.
  23. ^"Howard Da Silva Dies at 76; Actor, Director and Author".The New York Times.February 18, 1986.RetrievedApril 27,2014.
  24. ^"Dr. F.D. McClusky Resigns".The New York Times.February 25, 1945. p. 38.RetrievedJune 19,2014.
  25. ^"Selected as Headmaster For Scarborough School".The New York Times.April 24, 1951. p. 21.RetrievedJune 19,2014.
  26. ^"Beirut School Gets Own President".The New York Times.May 4, 1961.RetrievedJune 19,2014.
  27. ^"Branson's History".The Branson School.RetrievedNovember 17,2014.
  28. ^Gilbert, Linda (August 16, 1978). "Scarborough School Closes".Ossining Citizen Register.
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