Server Sundaram
Server Sundaram | |
---|---|
![]() Theatrical release poster | |
Directed by | Krishnan–Panju |
Written by | K. Balachander |
Based on | Server Sundaram by K. Balachander |
Produced by | A. V. Meiyappan |
Starring | Nagesh Muthuraman K. R. Vijaya |
Cinematography | S. Maruti Rao |
Edited by | S. Panjabi R. Vittal |
Music by | Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy |
Production company | |
Release date |
|
Running time | 165 minutes[1] |
Country | India |
Language | Tamil |
Server Sundaramis a 1964 IndianTamil-languagecomedy dramafilm directed byKrishnan–Panjuand produced byA. V. Meiyappan.The film starsNageshas the title character.MuthuramanandK. R. Vijayaplay the other lead roles whileMajor Sundarrajan,S. N. LakshmiandManoramaplay supporting roles. It focuses on a hotel waiter who strives to reach greater heights after he becomes an actor to attain the love of his restaurateur's daughter.
The film was adapted from a 1963 play of the same name written byK. Balachander,with the play also featuring Nagesh himself in the title role along with Sundarrajan and Lakshmi who reprised their roles in the film. Balachander also wrote the screenplay for the film.Viswanathan–Ramamoorthycomposed the film'ssoundtrackandbackground music,whileKannadasan,Vaaliand V. Seetharaman wrote the lyrics for the soundtrack's songs.
Server Sundaramwas released on 11 December 1964. It received critical acclaim, with praise directed mainly at Nagesh's performance and Balachander's screenplay. The film went on to become a commercial success, with a theatrical run of over 100 days. At the12th National Film Awards,it won theNational Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamilunder the Certificate of Merit category, and theFilmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil.
Server Sundaramearned Nagesh and Balachander their breakthrough in Tamil cinema and led to many successful collaborations between the two. It became the first Tamil film to show numerousbehind-the-sceneslooks at various processes involved in film-making such as the studio interiors andsong recording.The film was remade intoHindiasMain Sunder Hoon(1971) andKannadaasServer Somanna(1993).
Plot
[edit]Sundaram, a poor man, comes toMadraswith aspirations of becoming a film actor. However, he ends up getting a job as a hotel waiter. While catering for a group of people who were going on an excursion toMahabalipuram,he meets Radha, the daughter of his restaurateur, Chakravarthy and misinterprets her friendly nature as love and falls in love with her. In the meantime, Sundaram happens to meet his friend Raghavan, an influential businessman, in the restaurant. During their subsequent meetings, Sundaram tells Raghavan about his ambition to become an actor as well as his love for Radha, without mentioning her name. Raghavan genuinely believes that the girl reciprocates Sundaram's feelings and motivates Sundaram to express his love.
When Raghavan is about to leave his house for a marriage proposal, Sundaram comes there and describes the girl he was talking about to Raghavan. Raghavan realises that Radha, whom he intends to marry, is the same girl Sundaram is in love with. Raghavan, believing that Radha loves Sundaram, decides to help Sundaram attain his love and get a chance to act in films, which he does successfully.
Sundaram becomes astarafter his debut film becomes a success and believes that his stardom and popularity will help him in attaining his love. When Radha comes to Sundaram's house to congratulate him, he introduces her to Raghavan, who had come to visit Sundaram. As Sundaram goes to prepare snacks for the two, Radha asks Raghavan why he did not show up for the marriage proposal. Raghavan states that he thought Radha loved Sundaram. Shocked, Radha tells Raghavan that she likes Sundaram for his innocence, although she does not love him. Raghavan is pleasantly surprised, but to ensure that Sundaram's film career does not suffer from discovering the truth, he asks Radha to keep it a secret.
Sundaram's mother is pleased with her son's popularity but misses his presence due to Sundaram's busy acting career. She expresses to Sundaram her desire that she should die in his arms. When Raghavan believes that Sundaram will gradually forget Radha so that he and Radha can get married, he discovers that Sundaram's love for Radha is stronger. Raghavan then informs Radha that she should marry Sundaram, as Raghavan does not want to backstab his friend. Radha instead decides to personally express her feelings to Sundaram. When Sundaram expresses his love to Radha, she tells him that she never imagined that he would assume her friendly affection towards him as love and that Raghavan is her fiancé. Sundaram, shattered on losing his love, is also happy on hearing that Raghavan would marry her and congratulates Raghavan.
While Sundaram is busy shooting for the climax scene of a film, his mother falls down the footsteps of her home and is badly wounded. Sundaram's manager tries to convey the news to Sundaram, but is blocked by the studio authorities who inform him that the director has instructed them not to allow anyone inside. After finishing his shot, Sundaram hears of the news about his mother and rushes home, only to learn that she has died. He regrets being an actor.
Later at Raghavan and Radha's marriage ceremony, Sundaram changes to his old uniform, that of a hotel waiter. When Raghavan orders Sundaram to remove the guise, Sundaram tells him that only the actor's role was a guise, and he has never felt the peace of mind he had as a waiter elsewhere.
Cast
[edit]- Male cast
- Nageshas Sundaram
- Muthuramanas Raghavan
- Major Sundarrajanas Chakravarthy
- Female cast
- K. R. Vijayaas Radha
- S. N. Lakshmias Sundaram's mother
- Manoramaas Kantha
S. V. Ranga Raoguest stars as a film director.[2][3]SingerT. M. Soundararajan,[4]composerM. S. Viswanathanand guitarist S. Phillips make uncredited appearances in the song "Avalukenna".[5][6]Goundamaniappears uncredited as a car driver.[7]
Production
[edit]Development
[edit]In 1958,K. Balachander,then a playwright, established a theatre troupe named Ragini Recreations.[8][9]ComedianNageshasked Balachander to give him a role in his plays, and Balachander assured him that he would write one featuring Nagesh as the main character, which becameServer Sundaram.[10]The play, acomedy drama,[11]was first staged in 1963.[12]Balachander stated that he wrote the story ofServer Sundaramfor Nagesh after watching his dramatic performance in the filmNaanum Oru Penn(1963).[13][14]He recalled in 2009 that when he wroteServer Sundaramwith Nagesh in mind, he suffered anxious moments: "I was convinced of the story, but there was a risk in promoting Nagesh, but I pulled it off".[15]
A. V. Meiyappan,the founder ofAVM Productions,desired to produce the play as a film, but before he could, the director duoKrishnan–Panju(R. Krishnan and S. Panju), after watching the play once, went on stage and announced that they would direct its film adaptation, and paid Balachander an advance.[16][17]Nevertheless, the play's namesake film adaptation was produced by Guhan Films, a subsidiary of AVM.[9][18]Balachander was recruited as the film's screenwriter, and initially had a keen interest in directing it himself.[19][20]He said the script was "tailored" for Nagesh,[21]contrary to AVM's general practice of choosing actors for already completed scripts.[22]
Casting and filming
[edit]Nagesh, who starred as the title character in the play, reprised his role in the film along withMajor SundarrajanandS. N. Lakshmi.[23][24]Sundarrajan played the restaurateur and the female lead's father,[25]and Lakshmi played Sundaram's mother.[26]After watching the play, Krishnan–Panju said, "If this play is ever made into a film, then Sundarrajan must play the father's role".[27]Meiyappan accepted the inclusion of Nagesh in the film after watching his performance in the play.[28]Nagesh, who in turn was impressed with Lakshmi's performance in the play, asked Balachander to have Meiyappan include her in the film.[29]K. R. Vijayawas cast as Sundaram's love interest Radha, andMuthuramanas his friend Raghavan,[9]reprising the roles played by Shobha and Raja on stage.[12]Vijaya was chosen after many actresses refused to pair with Nagesh.[18]Goundamani,who later became a successful comedian in Tamil cinema, made his acting debut with this film in an uncredited, non-speaking role.[30][31]Balachander, who portrayed a small part as cleaner in the play, reprised his role in the film; however his scenes were deleted to accommodate the film's length.[32]
Server Sundaramwas the first Tamil film to show numerousbehind-the-sceneslooks at the various processes involved in filmmaking such as the studio interiors,song recording,horse riding scenes and rain scenes.[17][33][18]It was also notable for not featuring an antagonist.[34]In one sequence,Manoramais seen as an actress performing a scene for a film directed byS. V. Ranga Rao's character, using the concept of afilm-within-a-film.[2][35]Cinematography was handled byS. Maruti Rao,[9]and Panju edited the film under the pseudonym "Panjabi",[36]with R. Vittal as co-editor.[37]: 4:27—4:31 Server Sundaramwas publicised with a still of Nagesh holding many cups and saucers, but the film initially had no such scene. After Meiyappan finished watching the final cut, upon his request it was added to the film.[17][38]The final length of the film was 4,535 m (14,879 ft).[37]: 00:00—00:09
Themes
[edit]According to historianS. Theodore Baskaran,the film shows a "persistent theme in Tamil cinema", that of the bond between mother and son.[39]He also compared it toCity Lights(1931) because in both films, a poor man "pin[s] for the attention of the woman he fancies".[40]Writing forThe New Indian Express,Sharada Narayanan consideredServer Sundaramto be a biography of Nagesh's own life, a view also shared byHindustan Times'Gautaman Bhaskaran.[41][42]Theodore Baskaran,Ashish RajadhyakshaandPaul Willemen,and criticBaradwaj Rangannoted similarities between Nagesh andCharlie Chaplin.[43][44]According to film journalist T. M. Ramachandran, the film tries to convey the message that when a man achieves popularity, the price he has to pay is rather unimaginably high and that peace and happiness are things which could be easily achieved by the humblest and poorest rather than by one in a state of material prosperity.[45]Writing forDaily News Sri Lanka,S. Jegathiswaran noted that inServerSundaram,Nagesh showed that "after having gained the social status one shouldn't forget one's past."[46]TT Srinath wrote forThe Hinduthat the film tells viewers to "distance the problem or challenge and see it from afar, thus helping us recognise that what we are experiencing is perhaps not as daunting as we tend to believe."[47]
Music
[edit]The soundtrack was composed byViswanathan–Ramamoorthy(a duo consisting ofM. S. ViswanathanandT. K. Ramamoorthy), with lyrics written byKannadasan,Vaali,and V. Seetharaman.[48][49]According to Balachander, when Meiyappan wanted another song to be added at the last minute, Kumaran gave an English song for which Viswanathan created a tune which eventually became "Avalukkenna".[50]Philips, anautodidactguitarist, performed the guitar portions for "Avalukkenna". The music troupe for the song consisted of Noel Grant (drums), Mangalamurthy (accordion), Nanjappa (flute), Fobes (violin), Henry Daniel and Joseph Krishna.[51]Violinist T. Samuel Joseph, popularly known asShyam,also took part in the recording of the song.[52]Balan, a member of the troupe, claimed in 2015 that Viswanathan came up with the tune for "Avalukenna" in ten minutes,[53]while Anand Venkateswaran ofThe Wirebelieves that Viswanathan set the song to tune in 15 minutes, and it took T. M. Soundararajan the rest of the day to record it.[54]According to Gopal Krishnan, in his book,Chords & Raaga,"Avalukkenna" involved a "complicated arrangement ofmamboandbossa nova."[55]Sadan, a mimicry artiste in Viswanathan's troupe,[56]lent his voice as a parrot for the song "Thattai Nenjam".[48]
The soundtrack received positive reviews, with "Avalukkenna" being particularly well received. M. N. Bhaskaran ofHindu Tamil Thisaiappreciated the clarinet interludes in the song.[57]Baradwaj Rangan, writing forThe Hindu,said, "Listen to the lazy drawl with which certain words taper off in 'Avalukkenna,' an antidote to therock 'n' rollbounce in the rest of the song. "[58]Live versions of "Avalukenna" have been performed by various Indian singers includingKarthik,[59]Haricharan,[60]Shweta MohanandRahul Nambiar.[61]
No. | Title | Lyrics | Singer(s) | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | "Avalukkenna" | Vaali | T. M. Soundararajan,L. R. Eswari | 05:17 |
2. | "Silai Edutthan Oru" | Kannadasan | P. Susheela | 05:16 |
3. | "Poga Poga Theriyum" | Kannadasan | P. B. Sreenivas,P. Susheela | 04:27 |
4. | "Thatthai Nenjam" | Kannadasan | P. Susheela, Sadan | 04:02 |
5. | "Paattondru Tharuvaar" | Kannadasan | P. Susheela, L. R. Eswari | 04:46 |
6. | "Om Namo Sri Narayana" (musical drama) | V. Seetharaman | A. L. Raghavan,S. C. Krishnan,L. R. Eswari | 11:15 |
Total length: | 23:48 |
All lyrics are written by Anisetty Subbarao
No. | Title | Singer(s) | Length |
---|---|---|---|
1. | "Katika Shile" | P. Susheela,Chorus | 05:17 |
2. | "Mohini Ilapai Velasene" | P. Susheela,L. R. Eswari | 05:16 |
3. | "Kannedendham" | P. Susheela | 04:27 |
4. | "Poota Pooche Hrudayam" | P. Susheela,P. B. Sreenivas | 04:02 |
5. | "Navayuvati" | L. R. Eswari,Ghantasala | 04:46 |
6. | "Parabrahma" | L. R. Eswari,Madhavapeddi Satyam,Pithapuram Nageswara Rao,Chorus | 11:15 |
Total length: | 23:48 |
Release
[edit]Server Sundaramwas released on 11 December 1964,[63][64]delayed from October.[65]The film became a commercial success and completed a theatrical run of 100 days.[66]It was also dubbed in Telugu under the same title.[67][68]Server Sundaramwas remade in Hindi asMain Sunder Hoon(1971),[69]and in Kannada asServer Somanna(1993).[70]
On 18 April 2010, the film was screened at theSouth Indian Film Chamber Theatrefor the Dignity Film Festival held in Chennai; other films also screened includedMadhumati(1958),Kadhalikka Neramillai(1964),Anbe Vaa(1966) andThillana Mohanambal(1968).[71][72]
Reception
[edit]The film received critical acclaim.[73]Positive comments were directed mainly at Nagesh's performance as Sundaram and Balachander's screenplay.[43][44]The Tamil magazineAnanda Vikatan,in its original review of the film dated 20 December 1964, mentioned that the highlight of the film was Nagesh's acting and the film gave the experience of conversing and enjoying with friends in a car journey without living much impact.[74]Writing forSport and Pastimeon 9 January 1965, T. M. Ramachandran wrote that filmgoers who had persistently been watching films featuring "top stars in action, singing a duet or doing a romantic scene", would findServer Sundarama welcome change, given that a comedian was playing the hero. He considered the story "very thin", but added, "The directors deserve to be congratulated on their ingenuity in presenting such scenes and in creating a sustaining interest in the whole film, especially to those moviegoers who have not witnessed the play." He lauded the performances of Nagesh, Vijaya, Muthuraman and Sundararajan, but criticised the music by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy.[45]Kalkisaid no one could have performed the title role better than Nagesh, but felt Vijaya was wasted.[75]
Accolades
[edit]Award | Ceremony | Category | Nominee(s) | Outcome | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Film Awards | 12th National Film Awards | Certificate of Merit | A. V. Meiyappan(producer) Krishnan–Panju(director) |
Won | [19] |
Filmfare Awards South | 12th Filmfare Awards South | Best Film – Tamil | A. V. Meiyappan | Won | [76] |
Legacy
[edit]He would think through me, and I would act through him.
— Balachander on his collaborations with Nagesh.[10]
Server Sundaramattainedcult statusin Tamil cinema,[77]and is considered by many critics to be Nagesh's breakthrough role as an actor and Balachander's first success in Tamil cinema.[34][28]ActorKamal Haasancompared his 2015 filmUttama Villain(which also starred Balachander) toServer Sundaram,finding it to be "both emotional and humorous" like the latter.[78]The success ofServer Sundaramled to many collaborations between Nagesh and Balachander, such asNeerkumizhi(1965),Major Chandrakanth(1966),Edhir Neechal(1968) andApoorva Raagangal(1975).[79][80]Film historianMohan Ramannoted that by casting Nagesh inServer Sundaram,Balachander "made the comedian a serious actor."[79]The film also became noted for introducing the anti-hero to Tamil cinema as well as the style of delivering short and fast-paced dialogues.[43]In 2014, Pradeep Madhavan ofHindu Tamil Thisaicalled it a trendsetter in Tamil cinema for showcasing scenes involved in filmmaking.[34]A dialogue spoken by Sundaram, "Long, long ago... so long ago, nobody can say how long ago"[37]: 29:35 became popular.[81]Balachander mentions the dialogue inUttama Villainas a build-up to the film his character directs.[82]Tamil Canadianjournalist D. B. S. Jeyaraj stated that the film gave Nagesh "another dimension as an actor who could evoke tears from the audience through his emotional performance" and thatServer Sundaramwas one film in which he "provided stellar displays of his histrionic talents".[83]
ActorAppukuttyworked in several hotels and restaurants as a cleaner and server before making his debut as the lead actor withAzhagarsamiyin Kuthirai(2011) which won him theNational Film Award for Best Supporting Actor;Kumar Chellappan ofDaily News and Analysiscompared this to the plot ofServer Sundaram.[84]Following Nagesh's death in 2009,SifyrankedServer Sundaramfourth in its list, "10 Best Films of late Nagesh", commenting, "A hotel waiter becomes a superstar and the transformation is shown brilliantly by the actor."[85]Sri Lankan historianSachi Sri KanthaincludedServer Sundaramin his list compiling "the ten landmark Tamil movies, spanning all genres, which delighted the multitude of fans immensely".[86]The sequence where Sundaram balances several vessels in one hand, referred to by Gautaman Bhaskaran as the "dumara-tumbler" sequence, attained popularity,[73]as did the scene where Sundaram's mother realises that he is not a hotel manager but a waiter.[87]On the scene where Sundaram auditions in front of the film producers introduced to him by Raghavan, Baradwaj Rangan, writing forThe New Indian Express,said, "Audiences that grew up with Nagesh will cotton on to the slyness of this apparently ungrateful gesture as the most identifiably Nagesh-like among everything that's transpired during these five minutes ofServer Sundaram".[44]
DirectorRadha Mohanexpressed a desire to remake the film but decided against it: "If there is one film I want to remake, [Server Sundaram] will be the one, but I know I will not, because I believe classics should be left alone. "[88]A restaurant named "Hotel Server Sundaram" is located in theThuraipakkamarea of Chennai.[89]Clips fromServer Sundaramwere screened along with clips from other films such asIru Kodugal(1969),Arangetram(1973),Aval Oru Thodar Kathai(1974),Avargal(1977) andAzhagan(1991) at a function held in Balachander's honour atTiruchirappalliin January 2015,[90]a month after his death.[91]ActorVikram,who became popularly known by the moniker "Chiyaan" after the release ofSethuin 1999, stated in August 2016, "After Nagesh sir [inServer Sundaram] becomes something else, he still holds his server uniform close to his heart as a memento. Chiyaan is something like that to me. "[92]
References
[edit]- ^Goble 1999,p. 21.
- ^abRangarajan, Malathi (11 August 2011)."Till the final stage".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 28 April 2015.Retrieved14 December2014.
- ^Vamanan(22 July 2019)."ரங்காராவ் என்னும் நடிப்புலக சக்ரவர்த்தி"[Ranga Rao, the emperor of acting].Dinamalar(in Tamil). Nellai. Archived from the original on 20 August 2019.Retrieved20 August2019.
{{cite web}}
:CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^Yamunan, Sruthisagar; Rajagopalan, V. (26 May 2013)."T M Soundararajan: An Alchemist who mixed melodies with emotions".The New Indian Express.Archivedfrom the original on 2 February 2016.Retrieved26 January2016.
- ^Vamanan(22 March 2018)."A composer who honed hits with a humane touch".The Times of India.Archivedfrom the original on 6 April 2018.Retrieved6 April2018.
- ^Vamanan(27 January 2022)."Man who could make the guitar sing and dance in Tamil Nadu".The Times of India.Archivedfrom the original on 28 January 2022.Retrieved28 January2022.
- ^"சுப்பிரமணி, கவுண்டமணி ஆனது எப்படி.? – பிறந்தநாள் ஸ்பெஷல்".Dinamalar(in Tamil). 25 May 2019.Archivedfrom the original on 19 March 2021.Retrieved19 March2021.
- ^Krishnamachari, Suganthy (19 May 2016)."Spotlight on 'Edirneechal' Raman".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 20 March 2019.Retrieved20 March2019.
- ^abcdRajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998,p. 382.
- ^abSrinivasan, Meera (1 February 2009)."Nagesh – actor nonpareil".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 28 April 2015.Retrieved14 December2014.
- ^Balasubramanian, V. (7 May 2015)."Wholesome package".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 9 June 2016.Retrieved9 June2016.
Major Chandrakanth,Server Sundaram,Edhir NeechalandNavagrahamwere serious plays with comedy forming an integral part, seamlessly woven.
- ^abRamachandran, T. M. (14 September 1963)."Best on the Amateur Front".Sport and Pastime.Vol. 17. p. 50.Archivedfrom the original on 29 March 2024.Retrieved29 March2024– viaInternet Archive.
- ^சரவணன், ஏவி.எம். (27 February 2005)."நாகேஷின் அழுகை!"[Nagesh's tears!](PDF).Kalki(in Tamil). pp. 44–46.Retrieved12 July2024– viaInternet Archive.
- ^தீனதயாளன், பா. (18 June 2016)."'நட்சத்திர இயக்குநர்' திருலோகசந்தர்! "[Tirulokchander, the 'star director'!].Dinamani(in Tamil).Archivedfrom the original on 21 June 2016.Retrieved21 June2016.
- ^Ravi, Bhama Devi (5 April 2009)."With new play, Balachander returns to first love".The Times of India.Archived fromthe originalon 2 June 2016.Retrieved2 June2016.
- ^Saravanan 2013,pp. 147–148.
- ^abcசரவணன், ஏவி.எம்.(6 March 2005)."அழாதீங்க தம்பி!"[Don't cry, younger brother!](PDF).Kalki(in Tamil). pp. 52–55.Retrieved12 July2024– viaInternet Archive.
- ^abc"நூற்றுக்கு நூறு வெற்றி பெற்றோம்!".Kalki(in Tamil). 18 March 1979. pp. 60–61.Archivedfrom the original on 11 March 2023.Retrieved26 September2022– viaInternet Archive.
- ^abGuy, Randor(2 May 2011)."The KB school".The Hindu.Archived fromthe originalon 28 April 2015.Retrieved14 December2014.
- ^முத்துராமன், எஸ்.பி.(22 July 2015)."சினிமா எடுத்துப் பார் 18- நாகேஷின் அழுகை!"[Try making a film 18 – Nagesh's cries!].Hindu Tamil Thisai(in Tamil).Archivedfrom the original on 10 September 2020.Retrieved10 September2020.
- ^Rangan, Baradwaj(10 September 2006)."Interview: K Balachander".Baradwaj Rangan.Archivedfrom the original on 6 April 2018.Retrieved28 February2019.
- ^Saravanan 2013,p. 161.
- ^Guy, Randor(7 March 2003)."Dialogue delivery set him apart".The Hindu.Archived fromthe originalon 28 April 2015.Retrieved14 December2014.
- ^Raman, Mohan V.(23 February 2012)."An actor par excellence".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 28 April 2015.Retrieved14 December2014.
- ^"பொன்விழா படங்கள்: காலத்தை வென்ற சர்வர் சுந்தரம் – ஸ்பெஷல் ஸ்டோரி!"[Golden Jubilee film – Server Sundaram – Special Story].Dinamalar(in Tamil). 16 December 2014.Archivedfrom the original on 7 June 2016.Retrieved7 June2016.
- ^"Mother to all heroes takes the final bow".The New Indian Express.21 February 2012.Archivedfrom the original on 5 June 2016.Retrieved5 June2016.
- ^Krishnamachari, Suganthy (27 August 2015)."Made a 'Major' impact".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 23 December 2017.Retrieved23 December2017.
- ^ab"நகைச்சுவை நடிகராக இருந்த நாகேஷ்" சர்வர் சுந்தரம் "படத்தில் கதாநாயகன் ஆனார்"[Nagesh, a comedian who became a hero withServer Sundaram].Maalai Malar(in Tamil). 9 May 2012. Archived fromthe originalon 28 April 2015.Retrieved14 December2014.
- ^Rangarajan, Malathi (27 May 2010)."Courage goaded her on..."The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 17 December 2014.Retrieved17 December2014.
- ^Rajendran, Sowmya (19 October 2016)."In 2016 who's still watching Senthil, Goundamani comedy on YouTube? Most of Tamil Nadu".The News Minute.Archived fromthe originalon 25 October 2016.Retrieved25 October2016.
- ^Lee, Dharmik (4 May 2017)."கவுண்டமணி, வடிவேலு, செந்தில் பேசிய முதல் வசனம் என்னனு தெரியுமா?"[Do you know the first dialogues spoken by Goundamani, Vadivelu and Senthil?].Ananda Vikatan(in Tamil).Archivedfrom the original on 22 September 2017.Retrieved22 September2017.
- ^பாலசந்தர், கே.(11 June 1995)."நினைவலைகள் – 45"[Memories – 45](PDF).Kalki(in Tamil). pp. 60–62.Retrieved12 July2024– viaInternet Archive.
- ^Saravanan 2013,p. 149.
- ^abcமாதவன், பிரதீப் (5 December 2014)."அவனுக்கென்ன.. அழகிய மனம்!"[He has such a.. beautiful mind!].Hindu Tamil Thisai(in Tamil).Archivedfrom the original on 10 September 2020.Retrieved10 September2020.
- ^Vamanan(12 October 2015)."Authentic voice of Tamil culture: Remembering and loving the female Sivaji".The Times of India.Archivedfrom the original on 27 June 2016.Retrieved27 June2016.
- ^Guy, Randor(1 March 2015)."Remembering Panju".The Hindu.Archived fromthe originalon 24 May 2016.Retrieved4 June2016.
- ^abcServer Sundaram(motion picture) (in Tamil).AVM Productions.11 December 1964.
- ^Saravanan 2013,pp. 148–149.
- ^Baskaran 2013,p. 138.
- ^Baskaran 2013,pp. 137–138.
- ^Narayanan, Sharadha (18 July 2010)."Reflections of a matinee maverick".The New Indian Express.Archivedfrom the original on 28 April 2015.Retrieved17 December2014.
- ^Bhaskaran, Gautaman (17 September 2013)."Crowning glory for Kamal".Gulf Times.Archivedfrom the original on 22 June 2016.Retrieved22 June2016.
- ^abcBaskaran 2013,p. 138;Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998,p. 382.
- ^abcRangan, Baradwaj(15 February 2009)."A small slice of great genius".The New Indian Express.Archived fromthe originalon 1 May 2015.Retrieved17 December2014.
- ^abRamachandran, T. M. (9 January 1965)."Piece of Good Showmanship".Sport and Pastime.Vol. 19. p. 52.Archivedfrom the original on 19 December 2023.Retrieved19 December2023– viaInternet Archive.
- ^Jegathiswaran, S. (10 November 2004)."Nagesh, the great comedian".Daily News Sri Lanka.Archivedfrom the original on 9 June 2016.Retrieved9 June2016.
- ^Srinath, TT (18 February 2019)."Recognising presumed challenges".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 18 February 2019.Retrieved10 September2020.
- ^ab"Server Sundaram (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)".iTunes Store.December 1964. Archived fromthe originalon 28 April 2015.Retrieved28 April2015.
- ^Neelamegam, G. (November 2016).Thiraikalanjiyam – Part 2(in Tamil) (1st ed.). Chennai: Manivasagar Publishers. p. 155.
- ^பாலச்சந்தர், கே.(2 July 1995)."நினைவலைகள் – 48"[Memories – 48](PDF).Kalki(in Tamil). pp. 54–56.Retrieved12 July2024– viaInternet Archive.
- ^"Harmony with strings".The Hindu.28 November 2014.Archivedfrom the original on 7 December 2014.Retrieved17 December2014.
- ^Balasubramanian, V. (9 June 2016)."Of song and spirit".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 22 June 2016.Retrieved22 June2016.
- ^Kumar, M. Bharath (14 July 2015)."Combo, carnival".News Today.Archived fromthe originalon 26 May 2016.Retrieved26 May2016.
- ^Venkateswaran, Anand (17 July 2015)."MSV, the Man Who Knew Nothing But Music".The Wire.Archivedfrom the original on 24 May 2016.Retrieved26 May2016.
- ^Rangan, Baradwaj(28 June 2009)."The beat is on".The New Indian Express.Archived fromthe originalon 28 April 2015.Retrieved17 December2014.
- ^Kolappan, B. (11 December 2017)."The mimicry artiste and the memorable song".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 12 June 2018.Retrieved12 June2018.
- ^Bhaskaran, M. N. (17 July 2015)."எம்.எஸ்.வி.- தமிழர்களின் கிலுகிலுப்பை!"[M. S. V – The rattler of Tamil people!].Hindu Tamil Thisai(in Tamil).Archivedfrom the original on 29 January 2020.Retrieved29 January2020.
- ^Rangan, Baradwaj(27 May 2013)."The last of a kind".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 5 July 2016.Retrieved5 July2016.
- ^Ramanujam, Srinivasa (23 November 2015)."Musical time travel".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 25 June 2016.Retrieved25 June2016.
- ^Rao, Subha J (30 March 2010)."What's love got to do with it?".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 25 June 2016.Retrieved25 June2016.
- ^Kannadasan, Akila (15 April 2013)."Rocking rendezvous".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 25 June 2016.Retrieved25 June2016.
- ^"Server Sundaram (1966)-Song_Booklet".Indiancine.ma.Archivedfrom the original on 19 December 2023.Retrieved8 November2021.
- ^Saravanan 2013,p. 147.
- ^"Movies from AVM Productions".AVM Productions.Archived fromthe originalon 7 June 2016.Retrieved7 June2016.
- ^"சர்வர் சுந்தரம்".Pesum Padam(in Tamil). October 1964. p. 1.
- ^"Santhanam now plays chef in 'Server Sundaram'".Daily News and Analysis.23 February 2016.Archivedfrom the original on 7 June 2016.Retrieved7 June2016.
- ^Saravanan 2013,p. 152.
- ^"SERVER SUNDARAM (Celluloid)".Central Board of Film Certification.22 April 1966. Archived fromthe originalon 19 August 2016.Retrieved7 June2016.Alt URL
- ^Narwekar 2012,p. 176;Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998,p. 382.
- ^"Did You Know?".The Times of India.2 October 2014. Archived fromthe originalon 3 June 2016.Retrieved3 June2016.
- ^"Dignity Foundation announces the opening of first of its kind Film Festival for the 50+ citizens".Chennai Mirror.17 April 2010.Archivedfrom the original on 10 October 2014.Retrieved2 May2015.
- ^"The good ole days".The Hindu.17 April 2010.Archivedfrom the original on 27 November 2014.Retrieved2 May2015.
- ^abBaskaran, Gautaman (14 February 2017)."Santhanam's Server Sundaram may remind us of Nagesh's pathbreaking work".Hindustan Times.Archivedfrom the original on 15 February 2017.Retrieved15 February2017.
- ^"சினிமா விமர்சனம்: சர்வர் சுந்தரம்" [Movie Review: Server Sundaram].Ananda Vikatan(in Tamil). 20 December 1964.
- ^"சர்வர் சுந்தரம்".Kalki(in Tamil). 31 January 1965. p. 25. Archived fromthe originalon 26 November 2021.Retrieved26 September2022.
- ^The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who.Bennett, Coleman & Company.1965. p. 279.Archivedfrom the original on 8 November 2021.Retrieved16 August2019.
- ^Raghu, Sunita (7 May 2016)."Recipe for Success, Served Hot".The New Indian Express.Archivedfrom the original on 22 May 2016.Retrieved22 May2016.
- ^"'Uttama Villain' is humourous [sic] & emotional says Kamal ".Sify.10 November 2014. Archived fromthe originalon 4 May 2015.Retrieved4 May2015.
- ^abRaman, Mohan(3 January 2015)."KB: Kollywood's Discovery Channel".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 1 May 2015.Retrieved1 May2015.
- ^The Hindu 2012,p. 67.
- ^Mohan Rao, Thara (22 March 2001)."Micro serials, macro achiever".The Hindu.Archived fromthe originalon 10 July 2015.Retrieved10 July2015.
- ^Gauri, Deepa (3 May 2015)."'Uttama Villain': Art of immortality ".Khaleej Times.Archivedfrom the original on 11 July 2015.Retrieved10 July2015.
- ^Jeyaraj, D. B. S. (19 December 2015)."Uncrowned monarch of humorous actors in Tamil movies".Daily FT.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2016.Retrieved3 June2016.
- ^Chellappan, Kumar (25 March 2012)."How National Award winning actor Appukutty waited on success".Daily News and Analysis.Archivedfrom the original on 13 July 2015.Retrieved13 July2015.
- ^"10 Best Films of late Nagesh".Sify.1 February 2009. Archived fromthe originalon 23 November 2014.Retrieved2 June2016.
- ^Sri Kantha, Sachi."Book Review: A Valuable Source Book about Tamil Movie History".Ilankai Tamil Sangam.Archivedfrom the original on 4 June 2016.Retrieved4 June2016.
- ^Srivatsan (27 September 2016)."Happy Birthday Nagesh: Remembering the legendary comedian on his 83rd birthday".India Today.Archivedfrom the original on 15 February 2017.Retrieved15 February2017.
- ^"Why I like... Server Sundaram".The Hindu.22 May 2009.Archivedfrom the original on 2 May 2015.Retrieved2 May2015.
- ^"Hotel Restaurant Server Sundaram".Tripadvisor.Archivedfrom the original on 18 May 2015.Retrieved2 May2015.
- ^Srinivasan, G. (22 January 2015)."Rich tributes paid to Balachander".The Hindu.Archivedfrom the original on 2 May 2015.Retrieved2 May2015.
- ^"K Balachander: The man who gave us Rajinikanth, Kamal Hassan dies".The Economic Times.Press Trust of India.23 December 2014.Archivedfrom the original on 26 March 2016.Retrieved2 May2015.
- ^Karthik, Janani (4 August 2016)."People expect me to do something spectacular: Vikram".The Times of India.Archivedfrom the original on 17 August 2016.Retrieved17 August2016.
Bibliography
[edit]- Baskaran, S. Theodore(2013) [1996].The Eye of The Serpent: An Introduction To Tamil Cinema.Westland.ISBN978-93-83260-74-4.
- Goble, Alan (1999).The Complete Index to Literary Sources in Film.Walter de Gruyter.ISBN978-3-11-095194-3.
- Narwekar, Sanjit(2012).Eena Meena Deeka: The Story of Hindi Film Comedy.Rupa Publications.ISBN978-81-291-2625-2.
- Rajadhyaksha, Ashish;Willemen, Paul(1998) [1994].Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema.British Film InstituteandOxford University Press.ISBN0-19-563579-5.
- Rajinikanth 12.12.12: A Birthday Special.Kasturi & Sons Ltd.2012. GGKEY:A78L0XB1B0X.
- Saravanan, M.(2013) [2005].AVM 60 Cinema(in Tamil) (3rd ed.). Rajarajan Pathippagam.OCLC1158347612.
External links
[edit]- 1964 films
- 1960s Indian films
- 1960s Tamil-language films
- 1964 comedy-drama films
- AVM Productions films
- Films about actors
- Films about filmmaking
- Films directed by Krishnan–Panju
- Films scored by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy
- Films set in hotels
- Films with screenplays by K. Balachander
- Indian comedy-drama films
- Indian films based on plays
- Tamil films remade in other languages
- Tamil-language Indian films
- Tragicomedy films