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For the unreleased film, seeServer Sundaram (unreleased film).

Server Sundaram
Black and white newspaper ad. From top to bottom are the pictures of K. R. Vijaya, R. Muthuraman and Nagesh
Theatrical release poster
Directed byKrishnan–Panju
Written byK. Balachander
Based onServer Sundaram
by K. Balachander
Produced byA. V. Meiyappan
StarringNagesh
Muthuraman
K. R. Vijaya
CinematographyS. Maruti Rao
Edited byS. Panjabi
R. Vittal
Music byViswanathan–Ramamoorthy
Production
company
Release date
  • 11 December 1964(1964-12-11)
Running time
165 minutes[1]
CountryIndia
LanguageTamil

Server Sundaramis a 1964 IndianTamil-languagecomedy dramafilm directed byKrishnan–Panjuand produced byA. V. Meiyappan.The film starsNageshas the title character.MuthuramanandK. R. Vijayaplay the other lead roles whileMajor Sundarrajan,S. N. LakshmiandManoramaplay supporting roles. It focuses on a hotel waiter who strives to reach greater heights after he becomes an actor to attain the love of his restaurateur's daughter.

The film was adapted from a 1963 play of the same name written byK. Balachander,with the play also featuring Nagesh himself in the title role along with Sundarrajan and Lakshmi who reprised their roles in the film. Balachander also wrote the screenplay for the film.Viswanathan–Ramamoorthycomposed the film'ssoundtrackandbackground music,whileKannadasan,Vaaliand V. Seetharaman wrote the lyrics for the soundtrack's songs.

Server Sundaramwas released on 11 December 1964. It received critical acclaim, with praise directed mainly at Nagesh's performance and Balachander's screenplay. The film went on to become a commercial success, with a theatrical run of over 100 days. At the12th National Film Awards,it won theNational Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamilunder the Certificate of Merit category, and theFilmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil.

Server Sundaramearned Nagesh and Balachander their breakthrough in Tamil cinema and led to many successful collaborations between the two. It became the first Tamil film to show numerousbehind-the-sceneslooks at various processes involved in film-making such as the studio interiors andsong recording.The film was remade intoHindiasMain Sunder Hoon(1971) andKannadaasServer Somanna(1993).

Plot

[edit]

Sundaram, a poor man, comes toMadraswith aspirations of becoming a film actor. However, he ends up getting a job as a hotel waiter. While catering for a group of people who were going on an excursion toMahabalipuram,he meets Radha, the daughter of his restaurateur, Chakravarthy and misinterprets her friendly nature as love and falls in love with her. In the meantime, Sundaram happens to meet his friend Raghavan, an influential businessman, in the restaurant. During their subsequent meetings, Sundaram tells Raghavan about his ambition to become an actor as well as his love for Radha, without mentioning her name. Raghavan genuinely believes that the girl reciprocates Sundaram's feelings and motivates Sundaram to express his love.

When Raghavan is about to leave his house for a marriage proposal, Sundaram comes there and describes the girl he was talking about to Raghavan. Raghavan realises that Radha, whom he intends to marry, is the same girl Sundaram is in love with. Raghavan, believing that Radha loves Sundaram, decides to help Sundaram attain his love and get a chance to act in films, which he does successfully.

Sundaram becomes astarafter his debut film becomes a success and believes that his stardom and popularity will help him in attaining his love. When Radha comes to Sundaram's house to congratulate him, he introduces her to Raghavan, who had come to visit Sundaram. As Sundaram goes to prepare snacks for the two, Radha asks Raghavan why he did not show up for the marriage proposal. Raghavan states that he thought Radha loved Sundaram. Shocked, Radha tells Raghavan that she likes Sundaram for his innocence, although she does not love him. Raghavan is pleasantly surprised, but to ensure that Sundaram's film career does not suffer from discovering the truth, he asks Radha to keep it a secret.

Sundaram's mother is pleased with her son's popularity but misses his presence due to Sundaram's busy acting career. She expresses to Sundaram her desire that she should die in his arms. When Raghavan believes that Sundaram will gradually forget Radha so that he and Radha can get married, he discovers that Sundaram's love for Radha is stronger. Raghavan then informs Radha that she should marry Sundaram, as Raghavan does not want to backstab his friend. Radha instead decides to personally express her feelings to Sundaram. When Sundaram expresses his love to Radha, she tells him that she never imagined that he would assume her friendly affection towards him as love and that Raghavan is her fiancé. Sundaram, shattered on losing his love, is also happy on hearing that Raghavan would marry her and congratulates Raghavan.

While Sundaram is busy shooting for the climax scene of a film, his mother falls down the footsteps of her home and is badly wounded. Sundaram's manager tries to convey the news to Sundaram, but is blocked by the studio authorities who inform him that the director has instructed them not to allow anyone inside. After finishing his shot, Sundaram hears of the news about his mother and rushes home, only to learn that she has died. He regrets being an actor.

Later at Raghavan and Radha's marriage ceremony, Sundaram changes to his old uniform, that of a hotel waiter. When Raghavan orders Sundaram to remove the guise, Sundaram tells him that only the actor's role was a guise, and he has never felt the peace of mind he had as a waiter elsewhere.

Cast

[edit]
Male cast
Female cast

S. V. Ranga Raoguest stars as a film director.[2][3]SingerT. M. Soundararajan,[4]composerM. S. Viswanathanand guitarist S. Phillips make uncredited appearances in the song "Avalukenna".[5][6]Goundamaniappears uncredited as a car driver.[7]

Production

[edit]

Development

[edit]

In 1958,K. Balachander,then a playwright, established a theatre troupe named Ragini Recreations.[8][9]ComedianNageshasked Balachander to give him a role in his plays, and Balachander assured him that he would write one featuring Nagesh as the main character, which becameServer Sundaram.[10]The play, acomedy drama,[11]was first staged in 1963.[12]Balachander stated that he wrote the story ofServer Sundaramfor Nagesh after watching his dramatic performance in the filmNaanum Oru Penn(1963).[13][14]He recalled in 2009 that when he wroteServer Sundaramwith Nagesh in mind, he suffered anxious moments: "I was convinced of the story, but there was a risk in promoting Nagesh, but I pulled it off".[15]

A. V. Meiyappan,the founder ofAVM Productions,desired to produce the play as a film, but before he could, the director duoKrishnan–Panju(R. Krishnan and S. Panju), after watching the play once, went on stage and announced that they would direct its film adaptation, and paid Balachander an advance.[16][17]Nevertheless, the play's namesake film adaptation was produced by Guhan Films, a subsidiary of AVM.[9][18]Balachander was recruited as the film's screenwriter, and initially had a keen interest in directing it himself.[19][20]He said the script was "tailored" for Nagesh,[21]contrary to AVM's general practice of choosing actors for already completed scripts.[22]

Casting and filming

[edit]

Nagesh, who starred as the title character in the play, reprised his role in the film along withMajor SundarrajanandS. N. Lakshmi.[23][24]Sundarrajan played the restaurateur and the female lead's father,[25]and Lakshmi played Sundaram's mother.[26]After watching the play, Krishnan–Panju said, "If this play is ever made into a film, then Sundarrajan must play the father's role".[27]Meiyappan accepted the inclusion of Nagesh in the film after watching his performance in the play.[28]Nagesh, who in turn was impressed with Lakshmi's performance in the play, asked Balachander to have Meiyappan include her in the film.[29]K. R. Vijayawas cast as Sundaram's love interest Radha, andMuthuramanas his friend Raghavan,[9]reprising the roles played by Shobha and Raja on stage.[12]Vijaya was chosen after many actresses refused to pair with Nagesh.[18]Goundamani,who later became a successful comedian in Tamil cinema, made his acting debut with this film in an uncredited, non-speaking role.[30][31]Balachander, who portrayed a small part as cleaner in the play, reprised his role in the film; however his scenes were deleted to accommodate the film's length.[32]

Server Sundaramwas the first Tamil film to show numerousbehind-the-sceneslooks at the various processes involved in filmmaking such as the studio interiors,song recording,horse riding scenes and rain scenes.[17][33][18]It was also notable for not featuring an antagonist.[34]In one sequence,Manoramais seen as an actress performing a scene for a film directed byS. V. Ranga Rao's character, using the concept of afilm-within-a-film.[2][35]Cinematography was handled byS. Maruti Rao,[9]and Panju edited the film under the pseudonym "Panjabi",[36]with R. Vittal as co-editor.[37]: 4:27—4:31 Server Sundaramwas publicised with a still of Nagesh holding many cups and saucers, but the film initially had no such scene. After Meiyappan finished watching the final cut, upon his request it was added to the film.[17][38]The final length of the film was 4,535 m (14,879 ft).[37]: 00:00—00:09 

Themes

[edit]

According to historianS. Theodore Baskaran,the film shows a "persistent theme in Tamil cinema", that of the bond between mother and son.[39]He also compared it toCity Lights(1931) because in both films, a poor man "pin[s] for the attention of the woman he fancies".[40]Writing forThe New Indian Express,Sharada Narayanan consideredServer Sundaramto be a biography of Nagesh's own life, a view also shared byHindustan Times'Gautaman Bhaskaran.[41][42]Theodore Baskaran,Ashish RajadhyakshaandPaul Willemen,and criticBaradwaj Rangannoted similarities between Nagesh andCharlie Chaplin.[43][44]According to film journalist T. M. Ramachandran, the film tries to convey the message that when a man achieves popularity, the price he has to pay is rather unimaginably high and that peace and happiness are things which could be easily achieved by the humblest and poorest rather than by one in a state of material prosperity.[45]Writing forDaily News Sri Lanka,S. Jegathiswaran noted that inServerSundaram,Nagesh showed that "after having gained the social status one shouldn't forget one's past."[46]TT Srinath wrote forThe Hinduthat the film tells viewers to "distance the problem or challenge and see it from afar, thus helping us recognise that what we are experiencing is perhaps not as daunting as we tend to believe."[47]

Music

[edit]

The soundtrack was composed byViswanathan–Ramamoorthy(a duo consisting ofM. S. ViswanathanandT. K. Ramamoorthy), with lyrics written byKannadasan,Vaali,and V. Seetharaman.[48][49]According to Balachander, when Meiyappan wanted another song to be added at the last minute, Kumaran gave an English song for which Viswanathan created a tune which eventually became "Avalukkenna".[50]Philips, anautodidactguitarist, performed the guitar portions for "Avalukkenna". The music troupe for the song consisted of Noel Grant (drums), Mangalamurthy (accordion), Nanjappa (flute), Fobes (violin), Henry Daniel and Joseph Krishna.[51]Violinist T. Samuel Joseph, popularly known asShyam,also took part in the recording of the song.[52]Balan, a member of the troupe, claimed in 2015 that Viswanathan came up with the tune for "Avalukenna" in ten minutes,[53]while Anand Venkateswaran ofThe Wirebelieves that Viswanathan set the song to tune in 15 minutes, and it took T. M. Soundararajan the rest of the day to record it.[54]According to Gopal Krishnan, in his book,Chords & Raaga,"Avalukkenna" involved a "complicated arrangement ofmamboandbossa nova."[55]Sadan, a mimicry artiste in Viswanathan's troupe,[56]lent his voice as a parrot for the song "Thattai Nenjam".[48]

The soundtrack received positive reviews, with "Avalukkenna" being particularly well received. M. N. Bhaskaran ofHindu Tamil Thisaiappreciated the clarinet interludes in the song.[57]Baradwaj Rangan, writing forThe Hindu,said, "Listen to the lazy drawl with which certain words taper off in 'Avalukkenna,' an antidote to therock 'n' rollbounce in the rest of the song. "[58]Live versions of "Avalukenna" have been performed by various Indian singers includingKarthik,[59]Haricharan,[60]Shweta MohanandRahul Nambiar.[61]

Tamil tracklist
No.TitleLyricsSinger(s)Length
1."Avalukkenna"VaaliT. M. Soundararajan,L. R. Eswari05:17
2."Silai Edutthan Oru"KannadasanP. Susheela05:16
3."Poga Poga Theriyum"KannadasanP. B. Sreenivas,P. Susheela04:27
4."Thatthai Nenjam"KannadasanP. Susheela, Sadan04:02
5."Paattondru Tharuvaar"KannadasanP. Susheela, L. R. Eswari04:46
6."Om Namo Sri Narayana" (musical drama)V. SeetharamanA. L. Raghavan,S. C. Krishnan,L. R. Eswari11:15
Total length:23:48

All lyrics are written by Anisetty Subbarao

Telugu tracklist[62]
No.TitleSinger(s)Length
1."Katika Shile"P. Susheela,Chorus05:17
2."Mohini Ilapai Velasene"P. Susheela,L. R. Eswari05:16
3."Kannedendham"P. Susheela04:27
4."Poota Pooche Hrudayam"P. Susheela,P. B. Sreenivas04:02
5."Navayuvati"L. R. Eswari,Ghantasala04:46
6."Parabrahma"L. R. Eswari,Madhavapeddi Satyam,Pithapuram Nageswara Rao,Chorus11:15
Total length:23:48

Release

[edit]

Server Sundaramwas released on 11 December 1964,[63][64]delayed from October.[65]The film became a commercial success and completed a theatrical run of 100 days.[66]It was also dubbed in Telugu under the same title.[67][68]Server Sundaramwas remade in Hindi asMain Sunder Hoon(1971),[69]and in Kannada asServer Somanna(1993).[70]

On 18 April 2010, the film was screened at theSouth Indian Film Chamber Theatrefor the Dignity Film Festival held in Chennai; other films also screened includedMadhumati(1958),Kadhalikka Neramillai(1964),Anbe Vaa(1966) andThillana Mohanambal(1968).[71][72]

Reception

[edit]

The film received critical acclaim.[73]Positive comments were directed mainly at Nagesh's performance as Sundaram and Balachander's screenplay.[43][44]The Tamil magazineAnanda Vikatan,in its original review of the film dated 20 December 1964, mentioned that the highlight of the film was Nagesh's acting and the film gave the experience of conversing and enjoying with friends in a car journey without living much impact.[74]Writing forSport and Pastimeon 9 January 1965, T. M. Ramachandran wrote that filmgoers who had persistently been watching films featuring "top stars in action, singing a duet or doing a romantic scene", would findServer Sundarama welcome change, given that a comedian was playing the hero. He considered the story "very thin", but added, "The directors deserve to be congratulated on their ingenuity in presenting such scenes and in creating a sustaining interest in the whole film, especially to those moviegoers who have not witnessed the play." He lauded the performances of Nagesh, Vijaya, Muthuraman and Sundararajan, but criticised the music by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy.[45]Kalkisaid no one could have performed the title role better than Nagesh, but felt Vijaya was wasted.[75]

Accolades

[edit]
Award Ceremony Category Nominee(s) Outcome Ref.
National Film Awards 12th National Film Awards Certificate of Merit A. V. Meiyappan(producer)
Krishnan–Panju(director) 		Won [19]
Filmfare Awards South 12th Filmfare Awards South Best Film – Tamil A. V. Meiyappan Won [76]

Legacy

[edit]

He would think through me, and I would act through him.

— Balachander on his collaborations with Nagesh.[10]

Server Sundaramattainedcult statusin Tamil cinema,[77]and is considered by many critics to be Nagesh's breakthrough role as an actor and Balachander's first success in Tamil cinema.[34][28]ActorKamal Haasancompared his 2015 filmUttama Villain(which also starred Balachander) toServer Sundaram,finding it to be "both emotional and humorous" like the latter.[78]The success ofServer Sundaramled to many collaborations between Nagesh and Balachander, such asNeerkumizhi(1965),Major Chandrakanth(1966),Edhir Neechal(1968) andApoorva Raagangal(1975).[79][80]Film historianMohan Ramannoted that by casting Nagesh inServer Sundaram,Balachander "made the comedian a serious actor."[79]The film also became noted for introducing the anti-hero to Tamil cinema as well as the style of delivering short and fast-paced dialogues.[43]In 2014, Pradeep Madhavan ofHindu Tamil Thisaicalled it a trendsetter in Tamil cinema for showcasing scenes involved in filmmaking.[34]A dialogue spoken by Sundaram, "Long, long ago... so long ago, nobody can say how long ago"[37]: 29:35 became popular.[81]Balachander mentions the dialogue inUttama Villainas a build-up to the film his character directs.[82]Tamil Canadianjournalist D. B. S. Jeyaraj stated that the film gave Nagesh "another dimension as an actor who could evoke tears from the audience through his emotional performance" and thatServer Sundaramwas one film in which he "provided stellar displays of his histrionic talents".[83]

ActorAppukuttyworked in several hotels and restaurants as a cleaner and server before making his debut as the lead actor withAzhagarsamiyin Kuthirai(2011) which won him theNational Film Award for Best Supporting Actor;Kumar Chellappan ofDaily News and Analysiscompared this to the plot ofServer Sundaram.[84]Following Nagesh's death in 2009,SifyrankedServer Sundaramfourth in its list, "10 Best Films of late Nagesh", commenting, "A hotel waiter becomes a superstar and the transformation is shown brilliantly by the actor."[85]Sri Lankan historianSachi Sri KanthaincludedServer Sundaramin his list compiling "the ten landmark Tamil movies, spanning all genres, which delighted the multitude of fans immensely".[86]The sequence where Sundaram balances several vessels in one hand, referred to by Gautaman Bhaskaran as the "dumara-tumbler" sequence, attained popularity,[73]as did the scene where Sundaram's mother realises that he is not a hotel manager but a waiter.[87]On the scene where Sundaram auditions in front of the film producers introduced to him by Raghavan, Baradwaj Rangan, writing forThe New Indian Express,said, "Audiences that grew up with Nagesh will cotton on to the slyness of this apparently ungrateful gesture as the most identifiably Nagesh-like among everything that's transpired during these five minutes ofServer Sundaram".[44]

DirectorRadha Mohanexpressed a desire to remake the film but decided against it: "If there is one film I want to remake, [Server Sundaram] will be the one, but I know I will not, because I believe classics should be left alone. "[88]A restaurant named "Hotel Server Sundaram" is located in theThuraipakkamarea of Chennai.[89]Clips fromServer Sundaramwere screened along with clips from other films such asIru Kodugal(1969),Arangetram(1973),Aval Oru Thodar Kathai(1974),Avargal(1977) andAzhagan(1991) at a function held in Balachander's honour atTiruchirappalliin January 2015,[90]a month after his death.[91]ActorVikram,who became popularly known by the moniker "Chiyaan" after the release ofSethuin 1999, stated in August 2016, "After Nagesh sir [inServer Sundaram] becomes something else, he still holds his server uniform close to his heart as a memento. Chiyaan is something like that to me. "[92]

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