Shrove Monday
| Shrove Monday | |
|---|---|
 Frans Hals, Merrymakers at Shrovetide (c. 1616–1617) | |
| Date | Monday beforeAsh Wednesday |
| 2023 date | February 20 |
| 2024 date | February 12 |
| 2025 date | March 3 |
| 2026 date | February 16 |
| Frequency | Annual |
Shrove Monday(also known asCollopy Monday,Rose Monday,Merry MondayorHall Monday) is part of theShrovetideorCarnivalobservances and celebrations of the week beforeLent,followingQuinquagesimaor Shrove Sunday and precedingShrove TuesdayorMardi Gras.[1]
Shrovetide[edit]
The wordshroveis the past tense of the English verbshrive,which means to giveabsolutionfor someone'ssinsby way ofconfessionand forgiveness. Thus Shrovetide gets its name from the shriving that English Christians were expected to do prior to receivingabsolutionimmediately before Lent begins. Shrove Tuesday is the last day of "shrovetide", somewhat analogous to theCarnivaltradition that developed separately in countries ofLatin Europe.The terms "Shrove Monday" and "Shrove Tuesday" are no longer widely used in the United States or Canada outside of liturgical traditions, such as in theLutheran,Anglican,andRoman CatholicChurches.[2][3]
Collopy Monday[edit]
The British nameCollopy Mondayis after the traditional dish of the day, consisting of slices of leftover meat (collopsofbacon) along witheggs.[4]It is eaten forbreakfastand is part of the traditionalLentenpreparations. In addition to providing a little meat, the collops were also the source of the fat for the following day's pancakes.[5]It is rarely celebrated these days.
In eastCornwall,it is sometimes calledPeasen MondayorPaisen Mondayafter the custom of eatingpea soupon that day.[6]
German carnivals[edit]
Shrove Monday is part of the German, Danish, and Austrian Carnival calendar, calledRosenmontag.In theRhineland,as part of the pre-lenten Fasching festival (or Feast of Fools), it is part of the parade season, a day of marching, revelry, and satirical floats.[7]In theCarnival in Denmark,it is calledfastelavnsmandag.
Eastern Orthodox traditions[edit]
In theEastern Orthodox liturgical calendar(most years falling later than the Western Church, usually in March), the start of Lent is calledClean Monday.This is not identical to Shrove Monday, which precedes the start of (Western) Lent by two days. Clean Monday is the first day of theGreat Lent,and is traditionally considered the beginning of spring inGreeceandCyprus,where it is a Bank Holiday.[8]Different traditions take place in different localities. In the town ofTyrnavos,for instance, feasts are followed by songs and dances withBacchicovertones.[9]
Caribbean[edit]
In the 19th-centuryTrinidad and Tobago Carnival,akambule(procession of people holding torches) took place in the earliest hours of Shrove Monday.[10]
Carnival Monday is a national holiday inAruba,with the purpose of resting after theCarnival.[11]
Lundi Gras[edit]
The Shrove Monday events of theNew OrleansandMississippi Gulf CoastMardi Gras,dating back to the 19th century, have since the late 20th century been namedLundi Gras( "Fat Monday" ).[citation needed]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^"Shrove Monday".Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.
- ^Walker, Sue (2002)."Mardi Gras".St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture.Retrieved17 November2006.
- ^"National Celebrations: Holidays in the United States".U.S. State Department.Archived fromthe originalon 16 November 2006.Retrieved17 November2006.
- ^Brand, John (1849).Observations on popular antiquities of Great Britain.London: Henry G. Bohn. p. 62.Retrieved10 February2013.
- ^Timbs, John (1829).The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction.London: J. Limbird. p. 133.Retrieved10 February2013.
- ^
- Tony Deane & Tony Shaw,Folklore of Cornwall(The History Press,2009), p. 152.
- Margaret Ann Courtney,Cornish Feasts and Folk-lore(Beare & Son: 1890 (revised and reprinted fromThe Folklore SocietyJournals, 1886–87)), p. 21.
- ^Karneval revellers brave chilly rain for Rosenmontag paradeArchived25 February 2009 at theWayback Machine.AFP/thelocal.de 23 February 2009. Retrieved 24 February 2009
- ^bank-holidays.com.Retrieved 24 February 2009
- ^Shrove Monday in the town of Tyrnavos.agrotravel.gr Retrieved 24 February 2009
- ^Maureen Warner-Lewis,Central Africa in the Caribbean: Transcending Time, Transforming Cultures(University of the West Indies Press, 2003), p. 221.
- ^"National Holidays and Celebrations in Aruba".www.visitaruba.com.Retrieved30 January2022.