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Silver Star(Amtrak train)

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For the luxury train that ran in New Zealand, seeSilver Star (NZR).

Silver Star
TheSilver StaratSouthern Pines, North Carolinain 2009
Overview
Service typeInter-city rail
LocaleEast Coast of the United States
First serviceDecember 12, 1947
Current operator(s)Amtrak(May 1, 1971 – present)
Former operator(s)Seaboard Air Line Railroad(December 12, 1947 - June 30, 1967)
Seaboard Coast Line Railroad(July 1, 1967 - April 30, 1971)
Pennsylvania Railroad(December 12, 1947 - January 31, 1968, haulage agreement)
Penn Central Transportation(February 1, 1968 - April 30, 1971, haulage agreement)
Annual ridership351,732 (FY23)Decrease-19.1%[a][1]
Route
TerminiNew York City
Miami
Stops38
Distance travelled1,522 miles (2,449 km)
Average journey time31h 33m
Service frequencyDaily
Train number(s)91, 92
On-board services
Class(es)Coach Class
Sleeper Service
Disabled accessAll train cars, all stations
Sleeping arrangements
  • Roomette (2 beds)
  • Bedroom (2 beds)
  • Bedroom Suite (4 beds)
  • Accessible Bedroom (2 beds)
Catering facilitiesDining car,Café
Baggage facilitiesOverhead racks, checked baggage available at selected stations
Technical
Rolling stockAmfleet,Viewliner,GE Genesis,ACS-64,GE Dash 8-32BWH
Track gauge4 ft8+1⁄2in(1,435 mm)standard gauge
Operating speed125 mph (201 km/h) (top,NEC) 79 mph (127 km/h) (top)
Track owner(s)Amtrak,CSXT,NS,CFRC,SFRTA

TheSilver Staris along-distancepassenger trainoperated byAmtrakon a 1,522-mile (2,449 km) route betweenNew York CityandMiamiviaWashington, D.C.,Richmond, Virginia,Raleigh, North Carolina,Columbia, South Carolina,Savannah, Georgia,Jacksonville, Florida,andTampa, Florida.[2]TheSilver Starand its sister train in theSilver Servicebrand, theSilver Meteor,are the descendants of numerous long-distance trains that operated between Florida and New York for most of the 20th century.

Duringfiscal year2023, theSilver Starcarried 351,732 passengers, a decrease of 19.1% from FY2022.[3]In November 2023, the train had a total revenue of $8.7 million.[4]

History[edit]

The northboundSilver Starpassing through Seabrook, Maryland in 1969

TheSilver Starwas originally a service of theSeaboard Air Line Railroad(SAL), running from New York to Miami and later alsoSt. Petersburg(beyond Tampa). It was previously known as theAdvance Silver Meteor,and was renamed on December 12, 1947, after the name was chosen by SAL in a contest.[citation needed]From 1947 to 1948, it was winter-only and did not appear in summer timetables.[5]By 1949, however, it was a year-round train.[6]Its main Miami-bound route went through the interior of Florida, viaOcalaandWinter Haven.In peak winter service in the mid-1950s it had a section that went toSt. PetersburgviaTampa.Another section went toPort Boca Grandevia Tampa.[7]ThePennsylvania Railroad(PRR) carried the train between New York andWashington, D.C.under a haulage agreement, similar to the arrangement with its sister train, theSilver Meteor.The agreement was maintained when the PRR was folded intoPenn Central Transportationin 1968, a year after SAL merged with theAtlantic Coast Line Railroad(ACL) to form theSeaboard Coast Line Railroad(SCL). Between Washington andRichmond, Virginia,the train operated onRF&Prails. Amtrak took over the train in 1971.

Amtrak era[edit]

ARichmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroadlocomotive pulls theSilver Starat Alexandria, VA on March 23, 1969

Except for a brief period from 1994 to 1995 and from 1996 to 2004, when service to Tampa was provided by thePalmetto(known as theSilver Palmfrom 1996 to 2002), theSilver Starhas served both Tampa and Miami during the Amtrak era. Originally, Amtrak operated theSilver Starwith Tampa and Miami sections that split in Jacksonville, with the Tampa section continuing on the old Atlantic Coast Line route through Orlando, and the Miami section traveling throughOcalaandWildwoodover most of what was the original Seaboard route to Miami. After November 1, 2004, theSilver Starresumed service to Tampa, and now travels intact all of the way, backing out of Tampa and retracing its route 40 miles (64 km) east toAuburndale,where it heads south to Miami or north to New York.[8][9]The detour occurs atLakeland;the train stops there to discharge passengers before going to Tampa and to receive passengers after it returns from Tampa.

In the January 2011 issue ofTrainsmagazine, this route was listed as one of five routes to be looked at by Amtrak in FY 2011 as the previous five routes (theSunset Limited,Texas Eagle,California Zephyr,Capitol Limited,andCardinal) were examined in FY 2010.[10]With the discontinuation of theSilver Meteor'sformer Tampa section (a descendant of theChampion,a longtime rival of theSilver StarandSilver Meteor) in 1988, theSilver Staris now the only passenger train serving Tampa.

On July 1, 2015, theSilver Star'sdining car was completely removed from the train's consist, a controversial decision that Amtrak rationalized with the idea that sleeping car passengers could obtain meals from the train's café-lounge car.[11]However, on May 1, 2020, theSilver Star'sdining car was returned, and Amtrak introduced the “flexible dining” system to the train, which consists of pre-prepared meals which are then heated in either a convection oven or a microwave oven at the time of purchase.[12][13]In aRail Passengers Associationwebinar that took place on November 16, 2022, Amtrak's vice president of long-distance service revealed that traditional dining service was planned to be reintroduced on theSilver Meteorand theSilver Star"in early 2023."[14]Following this announcement, beginning on northbound train 92 on March 15, 2023, traditional dining was reintroduced to theSilver Starfor the first time since 2015. However, this was not a permanent rollout and was instead in the form of a 3-month pilot program gauged to test the success of the service. Southbound train 91 received the pilot on March 17. On June 24, 2023, traditional dining service was formally launched on theSilver Star,as well as on northboundSilver Meteortrain 98, and theSilver Starpilot program was replaced by permanent service.[15][16]Southbound train 97 received traditional dining on June 26. However, coach passengers were not allowed access to the dining car on either theSilver MeteororSilver Star,unlike on Amtrak's westernlong-distancetrains. Shortly after the formal rollout in another interview with the Rail Passengers Association, Amtrak's vice president of long-distance service stated that Coach Class access to the dining car was planned to be allowed by the end of 2023,[17]however by January 2024 coach passengers still did not have access. On March 4, 2024, dining car access was finally expanded to coach passengers, mirroring service on Amtrak's western long-distance trains.[18]

On February 4, 2018,Silver Startrain number 91collidedwith aCSXfreight train inCayce, South Carolina;the engineer and a conductor of theSilver Starwere killed, and 116 passengers were injured.[19][20]

Since 2012, issues have prevented Amtrak from moving from theircurrent stationto theMiami Intermodal Center(MIC), primarily regarding the length of the platforms and lease agreements. Amtrak argued that the platforms were insufficient in length, as extra cars are normally added to theSilver MeteorandSilver Starduring the winter season to accommodate increased demand.[21]Tri-Rail began serving the MIC on April 5, 2015,[22]and Greyhound began using the station on June 24, 2015.[23]Amtrak had been expected to move to the MIC by the Fall of 2016, but in 2018 Amtrak rejected the terms of a lease agreement with FDOT and said it had no plans to move to the MIC.[24]In 2021, Amtrak reached out to FDOT to begin negotiations again for utilization of the MIC, and in February 2022, negotiations officially restarted.[25]Later in March 2022, a test train operated into and out of the station and proved that the platforms are sufficient in length to hold a standard 10 car train.[26]However, the platforms are not long enough to accommodate an 11 to 12 car train, which could be possible in the winter months. In September 2022, Amtrak management announced that it had restarted lease negotiations with FDOT regarding use and maintenance of the terminal. One issue however, is the deadheading move that will need to take place between the MIC and Hialeah. Amtrak CEO Stephen Gardner has stated that "the company is evaluating technical and operational aspects of the move."[27]In an Amtrak Public Board Meeting Q&A on December 1, 2022, it was revealed that Amtrak was in the final stages of its preparations for relocating from their current Miami station, and had planned to relocate to the MIC in 2023.[28]However, additional track area would need to be constructed for the Amtrak trains to turn back north,[29]and as of 2024, Amtrak has no date indicated for when service will start at the MIC.[30]

COVID-19 pandemic[edit]

On July 6, 2020,Amtrakreduced the frequency of this train to three times per week as opposed to daily.[31]SouthboundSilver Startrains departed New York Friday through Sunday, whileSilver Meteortrains departed Monday through Thursday. Similarly, northboundSilver Startrains departed Miami on Thursday through Saturday, whileSilver Meteortrains departed Sunday through Wednesday.[32]Both trains resumed daily services on June 7, 2021, after additional Amtrak funding was included in theAmerican Rescue Plan Act of 2021.[33]

Between January 24 and October 14, 2022, theSilver Startemporarily added a station stop inJesup, Georgiadue to the suspension of its sister train, theSilver Meteor,which is normally the only train that stops at that station. This was due to a resurgence of theOmicron variant of COVID-19as well as a further delay caused byHurricane Ian.[34]During this period theSilver Starprovided a single once daily service between New York and Miami.

Ridership[edit]

Ridership by Fiscal Year (October–September)
Ridership Change over previous year Notes
2010[35] 393,586 - -
2011[35] 424,394 Increase07.82% -
2012[36] 425,794 Increase00.37% -
2013[36] 414,077 Decrease02.79% -
2014[37] 405,695 Decrease02.02% -
2015[37] 383,347 Decrease05.50% -
2016[38] 364,271 Decrease04.97% -
2017[39] 373,372 Increase02.49% -
2018[40] 368,518 Decrease01.30% -
2019[40] 377,342 Increase02.39% -
2020[41] 218,514 Decrease042.09% -
2021[42] 187,152 Decrease014.35% Tri-weekly October 2020 - June 2021
2022[43] 434,779 Increase0132.31% -
2023[44] 351,732 Decrease019.1% -

Rolling stock[edit]

SouthboundSilver StarpassingMartin State Airport stationat 100 mph, June 15, 2019

Under SAL operation, theSilver Starutilized passenger cars built by theBudd CompanyandPullman Standardbuilt either just before or afterWorld War II,and diesel-electric locomotives from theEMD E-unitseries. These cars utilizedsteam heatingprovided by asteam generatorin the locomotive. This equipment continued to operate when Amtrak took over in 1971. E-units were replaced by newer power, such as the steam generator-equippedEMD SDP40Fby the mid 1970's. Amtrak began rebuilding their inherited passenger cars in the late 1970's to utilizeHead-end power(HEP); these rebuilt cars were known as the "Heritage Fleet."The train began using Heritage Fleet equipment on March 10, 1982,[45]: 78 and subsequently HEP-equippedEMD F40PHlocomotives.

Today theSilver Staruses Amtrak's standard long-distance single-level equipment:Viewlinerbaggage, sleeping, and dining cars, andAmfleetcoach and café-lounge cars. AnACS-64electric locomotive is used between New York City and Washington, D.C, while two diesel-electric locomotives, eitherGE P42DCorSiemens ALC-42locomotives, are used for power south of Washington, D.C. Amtrak began replacing the older P42DC locomotives with ALC-42 locomotives in 2023.[46]

A typicalSilver Starconsist as of June 2024 is made up of:

  • ACS-64 locomotive (New York–Washington)
  • P42DC or ALC-42 locomotive (Washington–Miami)
  • P42DC or ALC-42 locomotive (Washington–Miami)
  • Amfleet II Coach
  • Amfleet II Coach
  • Amfleet II Coach
  • Amfleet II Coach
  • Amfleet II Café/Lounge Car
  • Viewliner II Dining Car
  • Viewliner I Sleeping Car
  • Viewliner II Sleeping Car
  • Viewliner II Baggage Car

During the 2022 suspension of theSilver Meteor,some coach and sleeping cars usually on theSilver Meteorwere combined into theSilver Star,creating a train with up to six coaches and five sleepers, in addition to the café-lounge, diner, and baggage car.

Route details[edit]

AmtrakSilver Serviceroute map

TheSilver Staroperates over a combination of Amtrak,CSX Transportation(CSXT), andNorfolk Southern Railway(NS) trackage:[citation needed]

TheSilver Staruses the same route as theSilver Meteor– the other train in theSilver Servicebrand – excluding two segments:Selma, North Carolina–Savannah, Georgia,andKissimmee, Florida–Winter Haven, Florida.[47][2]Between Selma and Savannah, theSilver Startakes an inland route over theCSX S-Lineto serve the Carolinas' state capitals of Raleigh and Columbia, while theSilver Meteorstays closer to the coast on theCSX A-Lineand servesFayetteville, North CarolinaandCharleston, South Carolina.Between Kissimmee and Winter Haven, theSilver Meteorturns south to go directly to Miami atAuburndale, Florida,while theSilver Starcontinues west toLakeland, Floridaand Tampa, before coming back to Auburndale and turning south to Miami. In addition to these diversions, betweenSebring, FloridaandWest Palm Beach, Florida,theSilver Meteormakes no intermediate stops, while theSilver Starmakes an additional stop atOkeechobee, Florida.Inversely, between Savannah andJacksonville, Florida,theSilver Meteormakes an additional stop atJesup, Georgia,while theSilver Starmakes no intermediate stops. However, during the 2022 suspension of theSilver Meteor,theSilver Startemporarily served Jesup.[47][2]

Prior to October 1986, theSilver Staroperated betweenPetersburg, Virginia,and Raleigh via the CSXNorlina Subdivision,stopping only inHenderson, North Carolina.[48]CSX abandoned the Norlina Subdivision betweenNorlina, North Carolinaand Collier Yard (just south of Petersburg) in October 1986, which required theSilver Starto be rerouted over the CSX A-Line between Petersburg and Selma, then over theNorth Carolina Railroadbetween Selma and Raleigh. TheSilver Staris to be rerouted via its former routing when tracks between Petersburg and Norlina are rebuilt as part of theSoutheast High Speed Rail Corridorproject, and reinstate its stop at Henderson, as well as adding a stop inLa Crosse, Virginia.[49]

Like other long-distance trains operating on the Northeast Corridor, local travel between NEC stations is not allowed on theSilver Star.Northbound trains only stop to discharge passengers fromAlexandria, Virginianorthward, and southbound trains only stop to receive passengers fromNewark, New Jerseyto Washington.[2]This policy is in place to keep seats available for passengers making longer trips. Passengers wanting to travel locally must use the more frequentNortheast RegionalorAcelatrains. Additionally, theSilver Star,like theSilver Meteor,does not allow local travel between West Palm Beach and Miami. Southbound trains only stop to discharge passengers, while northbound trains only stop to receive passengers bound for points beyond West Palm Beach. This is due to the availability ofTri-Rail,South Florida's commuter rail system.

Since Amtrak ended passenger rail service over the CSXClearwater Subdivisionbetween Tampa andSt. Petersburg, Floridain February 1984,[50]Amtrak Thruwaybus service has been provided atTampa Union Stationfor trainside transfer of passengers and their baggage to and fromClearwater, Floridaand St. Petersburg. Other points on Florida's west coast, such asBradenton, Florida,Sarasota, Florida,Port Charlotte, FloridaandFort Myers, Florida,are also served by Amtrak Thruway service connecting with theSilver Starat Tampa.[51]Similarly, Amtrak has provided Amtrak Thruway bus service between the former stations along the CSXWildwood Subdivisionin North-Central Florida since November 2004 after passenger rail service ended, as well asGainesville, FloridaandThe Villages-Lady Lake, Florida.The former stations that are now served by Amtrak Thruway buses are:Waldo, Florida,Ocala, Florida,Wildwood, Florida,andDade City, Florida.These buses connect with theSilver Starat Jacksonville and Lakeland.

Station stops[edit]

State Town/City Station Connections
NY New York City Penn Station AmtrakAmtrak(long-distance):Cardinal,Crescent,Lake Shore Limited,Palmetto,Silver Meteor
AmtrakAmtrak (intercity):Acela,Adirondack,Berkshire Flyer,Carolinian,Empire Service,Ethan Allen Express,Keystone Service,Maple Leaf,Northeast Regional,Pennsylvanian,Vermonter
LIRR:■Main Line,■Port Washington Branch
NJ TransitNJ Transit:■North Jersey Coast Line,■Northeast Corridor Line,■Gladstone Branch,■Montclair-Boonton Line,■Morristown Line
NYC Subway:"1" train​"2" train​"3" train"A" train​"C" train​"E" train
Port Authority Trans-HudsonPATH:HOB-33JSQ-33JSQ-33 (via HOB)
Bus interchangeNYC Transit Bus
NJ Newark Newark Penn Station AmtrakAmtrak:Acela,Cardinal,Carolinian,Crescent,Keystone Service,Northeast Regional,Palmetto,Pennsylvanian,Silver Meteor,Vermonter
NJ TransitNJ Transit:■North Jersey Coast Line,■Northeast Corridor Line,■Raritan Valley Line
Port Authority Trans-HudsonPATH:NWK-WTC
Newark Light RailNewark Light Rail
Bus interchangeNJ TransitBus
Trenton Trenton AmtrakAmtrak:Cardinal,Carolinian,Crescent,Keystone Service,Northeast Regional,Palmetto,Pennsylvanian,Silver Meteor,Vermonter
NJ TransitNJ Transit:■Northeast Corridor Line,■River Line
SEPTA Regional Rail:■Trenton Line
Bus interchangeNJ TransitBus,SEPTA Suburban Bus
PA Philadelphia 30th Street Station AmtrakAmtrak:Acela,Cardinal,Carolinian,Crescent,Keystone Service,Northeast Regional,Palmetto,Pennsylvanian,Silver Meteor,Vermonter
SEPTA Regional Rail:all routes
NJ TransitNJ Transit:■Atlantic City Line
SEPTA City Transit:Market-FrankfordSubway-Surface
Bus interchangeSEPTA City Bus,SEPTA Suburban Bus
DE Wilmington Wilmington AmtrakAmtrak:Acela,Cardinal,Carolinian,Crescent,Northeast Regional,Palmetto,Silver Meteor,Vermonter
SEPTA Regional Rail:■Wilmington/​Newark Line
Bus interchangeDART First State
Greyhound LinesGreyhound Lines
MD Baltimore Penn Station AmtrakAmtrak:Acela,Cardinal,Carolinian,Crescent,Northeast Regional,Palmetto,Silver Meteor,Vermonter
MARC:■Penn Line
Light RailLink
Bus interchangeMTA Maryland,Charm City Circulator
DC Washington Washington Union Station AmtrakAmtrak:Acela,Capitol Limited,Cardinal,Carolinian,Crescent,Northeast Regional,Palmetto,Silver Meteor,Vermonter,Amtrak ThruwaytoCharlottesville, Virginia
MARC:■Brunswick Line,■Camden Line,■Penn Line
Virginia Railway ExpressVRE:■Manassas Line,■Fredericksburg Line
Metro:Red Line
DC Streetcar:H Street/Benning Road Line
Bus interchangeMetrobus,DC Circulator,MTA Maryland,Loudoun County Transit,OmniRide
Bus interchangeIntercity bus:Greyhound LinesGreyhound,Megabus (North America)Megabus,BoltBus,BestBus,Peter Pan,OurBus
VA Alexandria Alexandria AmtrakAmtrak:Cardinal,Carolinian,Crescent,Northeast Regional,Palmetto,Silver Meteor
Virginia Railway ExpressVRE:■Manassas Line,■Fredericksburg Line
Metro:Blue Line,Yellow Line
Bus interchangeMetrobus,DASH
Richmond Richmond Staples Mill Road AmtrakAmtrak:Carolinian,Northeast Regional,Palmetto,Silver Meteor,Amtrak ThruwaytoCharlottesville, Virginia
Bus interchangeGreater Richmond Transit Company
Ettrick Petersburg AmtrakAmtrak:Carolinian,Northeast Regional,Palmetto,Silver Meteor
Bus interchangePetersburg Area Transit
NC Rocky Mount Rocky Mount AmtrakAmtrak:Carolinian,Palmetto,Silver Meteor
Bus interchangeTar River Transit
Greyhound LinesGreyhound Lines
Raleigh Raleigh Union Station AmtrakAmtrak:Carolinian,Piedmont
Bus interchangeGoRaleigh,GoTriangle
Cary Cary AmtrakAmtrak:Carolinian,Piedmont
Bus interchangeGoCary,GoTriangle
Southern Pines Southern Pines
Hamlet Hamlet
SC Camden Camden
Columbia Columbia Bus interchangeThe Comet
Denmark Denmark
GA Savannah Savannah AmtrakAmtrak:Palmetto,Silver Meteor
FL Jacksonville Jacksonville AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor,Amtrak ThruwaytoWaldo,Ocala,Gainesville,The Villages,Wildwood,Dade City,Lakeland
Bus interchangeJacksonville Transportation Authority
Palatka Palatka AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
Bus interchangeThe Ride Solution
DeLand DeLand AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor,Amtrak ThruwaytoDaytona Beach
Winter Park Winter Park AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
SunRailSunRail
Lynx (Orlando)LYNX Bus
Orlando Orlando AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor,Amtrak ThruwaytoLakeland,Tampa,St. Petersburg,Bradenton,Sarasota,Port Charlotte,Fort Myers
SunRailSunRail
Lynx (Orlando)LYNX Bus
Kissimmee Kissimmee AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
SunRailSunRail
Lynx (Orlando)LYNX Bus
Greyhound LinesGreyhound Lines
Lakeland Lakeland AmtrakAmtrak ThruwaytoDade City,Wildwood,The Villages,Gainesville,Ocala,WaldoJacksonville,Orlando,Tampa,St. Petersburg,Bradenton,Sarasota,Port Charlotte,Fort Myers
Bus interchangeCitrus Connection
Greyhound LinesGreyhound Lines
Tampa Tampa AmtrakAmtrak ThruwaytoDade City,Wildwood,The Villages,Gainesville,Ocala,Waldo,Jacksonville,Lakeland,Orlando,St. Petersburg,Bradenton,Sarasota,Port Charlotte,Fort Myers
Bus interchangeHillsborough Area Regional Transit
Winter Haven Winter Haven AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
Sebring Sebring AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
Okeechobee Okeechobee
West Palm Beach West Palm Beach AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
Tri-RailTri-Rail
BrightlineBrightline(atWest Palm Beach)
Bus interchangePalm Tran,Tri-Rail Commuter Connector,West Palm Beach Downtown Trolley
Greyhound LinesGreyhound Lines
Delray Beach Delray Beach AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
Tri-RailTri-Rail
Bus interchangePalm Tran,Downtown Connector
Deerfield Beach Deerfield Beach AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
Tri-RailTri-Rail
Bus interchangeBroward County Transit,Tri-Rail Commuter Connector
Fort Lauderdale Fort Lauderdale AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
Tri-RailTri-Rail
Bus interchangeBroward County Transit,Metrobus,Sun Trolley,Tri-Rail Commuter Connector
Hollywood Hollywood AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
Tri-RailTri-Rail
Bus interchangeBroward County Transit,Hallandale Beach Community Bus
Miami Miami AmtrakAmtrak:Silver Meteor
Bus interchangeMetrobus

References[edit]

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  2. ^abcd"Atlantic Coast Timetable"(PDF).Amtrak.March 4, 2019.RetrievedApril 25,2019.
  3. ^"Amtrak FY23 Ridership"(PDF).
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  5. ^Seaboard Air Line Railroad Timetables, June 15, 1948
  6. ^'Official Guide of the Railways, August 1949, Seaboard Air Line Railroad section, Tables 1, 3, 6
  7. ^'Official Guide of the Railways, December 1954, Seaboard Air Line Railroad section, Condensed Table and Tables 1, 3, 6, 7
  8. ^"April 6, 2004 (System Timetable) Page 71".The Museum of Railway Timetables.
  9. ^"Atlantic Coast Service Timetable – Effective November 8, 2010"(PDF).Amtrak.
  10. ^"Amtrak's Improvement Wish List".Trains.January 2011. pp. 20–21.
  11. ^Sherry Laskin (June 29, 2015)."Lower Fares on Amtrak Sleeping Cars to Florida and New York".Cruise Maven.RetrievedDecember 12,2022.
  12. ^Cokley, Carolyn (January 9, 2020)."NEW FLEXIBLE DINING SERVICE LAUNCHES ON THE SILVER STAR".Rail Passengers Association.Archivedfrom the original on August 7, 2020.RetrievedJanuary 23,2022.
  13. ^"Amtrak Flexible Dining".
  14. ^Weinberg, Harrison."Amtrak long-distance capacity to remain tight through 2023".trains.com.Bob Johnston.RetrievedNovember 20,2022.
  15. ^Johnston, Bob (June 28, 2023)."Amtrak returns 'traditional dining' toSilver Meteor".trains.com.Bob Johnston.RetrievedJuly 2,2023.
  16. ^"Amtrak Launches Traditional Dining onSilver MeteorandSilver Star".Amtrak. June 27, 2023.RetrievedJuly 2,2023.
  17. ^Mathews, Jim."SILVER SERVICES LATEST TO GET TRADITIONAL DINING".railpassengers.org.Rail Passengers Association.RetrievedJuly 2,2023.
  18. ^Johnston, Bob."Coach passengers now can buy meals inSilver StarandSilver Meteordining cars ".trains.com.Trains Magazine.RetrievedMarch 4,2024.
  19. ^Fedschun, Travis (February 4, 2018)."Amtrak, CSX train collision in South Carolina leaves 2 dead, over 100 injured, officials say".Fox News.RetrievedFebruary 4,2018.
  20. ^Joseph, Yonette; Bolon, Anne-Sophie (January 31, 2018)."Amtrak Train Collision Kills at Least 2 and Injures Nearly 70 Others".The New York Times.RetrievedFebruary 4,2018.
  21. ^Chardy, Alfonso; Viglucci, Andres (October 31, 2013)."Long trains, short platforms at new Miami airport train station won't force permanent street closure".Miami Herald.RetrievedAugust 10,2016.
  22. ^"New Tri-Rail Miami International Airport station to open on April 5"(Press release).South Florida Regional Transportation Authority.March 25, 2015. Archived fromthe originalon April 14, 2015.
  23. ^"Timeline".Miami Intermodal Center.Florida Department of Transportation.RetrievedAugust 10,2016.
  24. ^Entin, Brian; Francois, Tania (November 5, 2018)."Off the Rails: Amtrak station built near MIA with taxpayer dollars goes unused".WSVN.RetrievedNovember 8,2018.
  25. ^"Amtrak Begins Active Preparations To Launch Service To Miami Intermodal Center".The Next Miami.RetrievedMarch 13,2022.[permanent dead link]
  26. ^"Video Shows Amtrak Train Fitting Into The Miami Intermodal Center In First Test Run".The Next Miami.RetrievedSeptember 29,2022.[permanent dead link]
  27. ^"Amtrak switch to Miami airport station again moving forward".Trains.com.RetrievedSeptember 29,2022.
  28. ^"Amtrak Public Board Meeting Public QA, December 1, 2022"(PDF).amtrak.com.Amtrak.RetrievedJanuary 30,2023.
  29. ^"More hurdles in long drive to get Amtrak to the airport".Miami Today.October 3, 2023.RetrievedJanuary 28,2024.
  30. ^Johnston, Bob (January 8, 2024)."Amtrak's move to Miami airport station still in limbo".Trains.RetrievedJanuary 28,2024.
  31. ^Tate, Curtis."Amtrak to reduce New York-Florida trains starting July 6, with more cuts coming Oct. 1".USA TODAY.RetrievedJuly 1,2020.
  32. ^"Silver Star and Silver Meteor Schedule Changes effective July 6, 2020".Amtrak.RetrievedJuly 5,2020.
  33. ^"With Increased Demand and Congressional Funding, Amtrak Restores 12 Long Distance Routes to Daily Service".Amtrak. March 10, 2021.RetrievedMarch 10,2021.
  34. ^"Amtrak to restore four long-distance trains to daily service in late May".Trains.RetrievedApril 19,2022.
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  38. ^"Amtrak FY16 Ridership & Revenue"(PDF).Amtrak.April 17, 2017.
  39. ^"Amtrak FY17 Ridership"(PDF).
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  41. ^Luczak, Marybeth (November 23, 2020)."Amtrak Releases FY 2020 Data".Railway Age.New York: Simmons-Boardman Publishing Inc.RetrievedFebruary 18,2020.
  42. ^"Amtrak Route Ridership FY21 vs. FY19"(PDF).Amtrak.RetrievedApril 19,2022.
  43. ^"Amtrak FY22 Ridership"(PDF).
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  45. ^Schafer, Mike (1991).All Aboard Amtrak: 1971–1991.Piscataway, New Jersey: Railpace Co.ISBN978-0-9621-5414-0.OCLC24545029.
  46. ^Paul, Joe Sr.; Welsh, Michael; Kraft, Michael (February 2024)."Amtrak New Fleet Acquisition Updates"(PDF).Next Generation Corridor Equipment Pool Committee. p. 7.
  47. ^ab"Silver Service / Palmetto Train".Amtrak.RetrievedApril 25,2019.
  48. ^"Henderson, NC".www.trainweb.org.RetrievedJune 3,2022.
  49. ^"Southeast High Speed Rail: Tier II Final Environmental Impact Statement, And Final Section 4(f) Evaluation, Richmond, VA to Raleigh, NC"(PDF).August 2015. p. 122.RetrievedSeptember 6,2022.
  50. ^Luisi, Vincent (2010).Railroading in Pinellas County.Arcadia Publishing.ISBN978-0-7385-8550-5.
  51. ^Amtrak Website

Notes[edit]

  1. ^Amtrak's Fiscal Year (FY) runs from October 1 of the prior year to September 30 of the named year.

External links[edit]

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