Squire Boone

Squire Boone
An 1852 painting titled, "Squire Boone Crossing the Mountains with Stores for His Brother Daniel, Encamped in the Wilds of Kentucky"
Born	Squire Maugridge Boone Jr. October 5, 1744 Daniel Boone Homestead,Oley Valley,Berks County,Pennsylvania Colony
Died	August 5, 1815(1815-08-05)(aged 70) Mauckport, Indiana
Resting place	Squire Boone Caverns,Mauckport, Indiana
Other names	Squire Boone Jr.
Occupation(s)	frontiersman, longhunter, soldier, city planner, politician, land locator, judge, politician, gunsmith, miller
Known for	Establishing the first American settlement inShelby County, Kentuckyand being the brother ofDaniel Boone
Spouse	Jane Van Cleave
Children	5
Relatives	Daniel Boone(brother) Nathan Boone(nephew) Daniel Morgan Boone(nephew)

Squire Maugridge Boone Jr.(October 5, 1744 – August 5, 1815) was an American frontiersman,longhunter,soldier, city planner, politician, land locator, judge, politician, gunsmith, miller, and younger brother ofDaniel Boone.In 1780, he founded thefirst settlementinShelby County, Kentucky.The tenth of eleven children, Squire Boone was born to Squire Boone Sr. and his wife Sarah (Morgan) Boone inBerks County, Pennsylvania,at theDaniel Boone Homestead.Although overshadowed by his famous brother, Squire Boone was well known in his day.

Early life

Squire Boone Jr. was born inBerks County, Pennsylvania,on October 5, 1744, the son of Squire Boone Sr. and Sarah Jarman Morgan. His father was a native ofDevon,England.In 1749, he along with his family moved toRowan County,North Carolina,and lived in theYadkinValley. In 1759, aged 15, he was sent back to Pennsylvania to apprentice as agunsmithunder his cousin Samuel Boone. After five years of apprenticeship, he returned to North Carolina. On August 8, 1765, he married Jane Van Cleave, who was ofDutchheritage. Together, the couple had five children.

Life in Kentucky

From 1767 to 1771, he went on severallong hunts,with his brother, Daniel, into theKentucky wilderness.In 1775,Richard Henderson,a prominent judge from North Carolina, hired Daniel Boone to blaze what became known as theWilderness Road,which went through theCumberland Gapand into central Kentucky. Squire Boone accompanied his brother and 30 others, assisting in the settlement ofBoone's Station(present-day Boonesborough).

In Spring 1779, after thesiege of Boonesborough,where Squire had a rifle ball cut out of his shoulder, he moved his family to the settlement at theFalls of the Ohiothat would becomeLouisville.In 1780, he brought 13 families to "Painted Stone", a tract of land in Shelby County, and establishedSquire Boone's Stationthere, the first permanent settlement in the county. He was wounded in April 1781 when Indians attacked the fort; complications of the gunshot injury would result in his right arm being an inch and a half shorter than his left.

On September 13, 1781, the settlers abandoned the undermanned station and headed for nearbyLinn's Station.Since Squire Boone was still too weak from his injury to make the trip, he stayed behind at the station with his family and one other. The fleeing settlers were attacked in what became known as theLong Run Massacre.

In 1782, he began acting as a land locator for wealthy land speculators who did not want to personally risk living on the frontier. However, due to financial losses in this line of work, he lost his own property, including the station, in 1786 and was forced to settle elsewhere in the county. He served two terms in theVirginia legislaturein 1789 and 1790 and was the primary sponsor of a bill to charter the town of Louisville.

Life in Indiana

After attempting to establish a settlement near present-dayVicksburg, Mississippi,and staying with his brother Daniel inMissourifor several years, he eventually settled with his family inHarrison County, Indiana,south ofCorydonc. 1804.There, he settled with his four sons and the sons ofSamuel Boone.The settlement is in what is now calledBoone Township,and it began to flourish early on. Squire Boone personally acquired a large tract of land on the western edge of the township near the cave he and his brother had hid in many years earlier to evade Indians. Boone considered the cave to be sacred and decided that was where he wanted to be entombed.

On his land, Boone carved stone out of a nearby hill to build his home. He carved into the quarry wall various religious and political statements that are still there today. Boone would also build Old Goshen Church, one of the first churches in the state. Boone also became a close friend ofHarvey Hethand involved in the local politics of the area as one of the leading citizens. He was Harrison County's Justice of the peace in 1808.

Death

Marker denoting Squire Boone's original burial spot

Squire Boone died ofcongestive heart failure,at age 70, on August 5, 1815, and was buried per his request in the cave on his property in Harrison County, Indiana (see above). The cave was sealed by his sons and his remains were left undisturbed for many years; but in the mid-20th century, relic hunters began taking parts of his coffin and even some of his bones. The cave eventually was brought under local guardianship and became a commercial attraction (Squire Boone Caverns) with guided tours. In 1973, his remains were removed from the cave and placed into a new coffin built by employees of the cave and reburied in a recessed part of the cave, where it resides today, at the end of the tour ofSquire Boone Caverns.

References

• Jillson, Willard Rouse(July 1942)."Squire Boone, 1744–1815"(PDF).Filson Club History Quarterly.16(3).RetrievedDecember 6,2011.
• Kleber, John E., ed. (2001)."Boone, Squire".The Encyclopedia of Louisville.Lexington, Kentucky:University Press of Kentucky. pp. 104–105.ISBN0-8131-2100-0.RetrievedMay 14,2015.

External links

• Squire Boone Caverns