Stang's law
Appearance
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Stang's lawis aProto-Indo-European(PIE)phonologicalrule named after the Norwegian linguistChristian Stang.
Overview
[edit]The law governs the word-final sequences of a vowel, followed by a semivowel (*yor*w) or alaryngeal(*h₁,*h₂or*h₃), followed by a nasal. According to the law these sequences are simplified such that laryngeals and semivowels are dropped, withcompensatory lengtheningof a preceding vowel.
This rule is usually cited in more restricted form as:*Vwm> *Vːmand*Vh₂m> *Vːm(*Vdenoting a vowel and*Vːa long vowel).
Often the rules*Vmm> *Vːmand also*Vyi> *Vːyare added:[1]
- PIE*dyéwm'sky' (accusative singular) >*dyḗm> Sanskritdyā́m,acc.sg.ofdyaús,Latindiem(which served as the basis for Latindiēs'day'), Greek Ζῆν (Zên) (reformed after Homeric Greek to ΖῆναZêna,subsequently ΔίαDía), acc. of Ζεύς (Zeús)
- PIE*gʷowm'cow' (acc. sg.) >*gʷōm> Sanskritgā́m,acc. sg. ofgaús,Greek (Homeric and dialectal) βών (bṓn), acc. sg. of βοῦς (boûs) 'cow'
- acc. sg. of PIE*dom-'house' is*dṓm,not**dómm̥.
- acc. sg. of PIE*dʰoHn-éh₂'grain' afterlaryngeal colouringis the disyllabic*dʰoHnā́m,not trisyllabic**dʰoHnáh₂m̥> **dʰoHnā́m̥
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Benjamin W. Fortson (2004).Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction.Blackwell Publishing. pp.63–64.ISBN1-4051-0316-7.[dead link]