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Stefan Hell

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Stefan Walter Hell
Hell in 2010
Born(1962-12-23)23 December 1962(age 61)
Arad,Romania
CitizenshipGermany
Romania
Alma materHeidelberg University
OccupationPhysicist
Known forSTED microscopy
RESOLFT
GSD microscopy
4Pi microscope
Multifocal multiphoton microscopy
Three photon microscopy
AwardsNobel Prize in Chemistry(2014)
Kavli Prizein Nanoscience (2014)
Otto Hahn Prize(2009)
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize(2008)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysics, optics
InstitutionsMax Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences(1997–)
Max Planck Institute for Medical Research(2016–)
German Cancer Research Center(2003–17)
University of Turku(1993–96)
ThesisImaging of transparent microstructures in a confocal microscope(1990)
Doctoral advisorSiegfried Hunklinger[de]
Notable studentsIlaria Testa(postdoc)
Francisco Balzarotti(postdoc)

Stefan Walter Hell(German pronunciation:[ˈʃtɛfanˈhɛl]ⓘ:born 23 December 1962) is a Romanian-Germanphysicistand one of the directors of theMax Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary SciencesinGöttingen,[1]and of theMax Planck Institute for Medical ResearchinHeidelberg,[2]both of which are in Germany. He received theNobel Prize in Chemistryin 2014 "for the development ofsuper-resolved fluorescence microscopy",together withEric BetzigandWilliam Moerner.[3]

Life[edit]

Born into aRoman CatholicBanat Swabianfamily inArad,Romania,which until 1920 beforeTreaty of Trianonwas part of theKingdom of HungaryasPartium,Transylvania,until 1920 and where Swabians (Catholic Germans in Hungary) still constituted the third largest ethnicity, ca 7 % of the population in 1910. He is the second (probably) fully Swabian Nobel prize winner with Herta Müller. He grew up at his parents' home in nearbySântana.[4][5]Hell attended primary school there between 1969 and 1977.[6]Subsequently, he attended one year of secondary education at theNikolaus Lenau High SchoolinTimișoarabefore leaving with his parents toWest Germanyin 1978.[7]His father was an engineer and his mother a teacher; the family settled inLudwigshafenafter emigrating.[6]

Hell began his studies at theHeidelberg Universityin 1981, where he received hisdoctoratein physics in 1990. His thesis advisor was the solid-state physicist Siegfried Hunklinger. The title of the thesis was “Imaging of transparent microstructures in a confocal microscope”.[8]He was an independent inventor for a short period thereafter working on improving depth (axial)resolutioninconfocal microscopy,which became later known as the4Pi microscope.Resolution is the possibility to separate two similar objects in close proximity and is therefore the most important property of a microscope.

From 1991 to 1993, Hell worked at theEuropean Molecular Biology LaboratoryinHeidelberg,[9]where he succeeded in demonstrating the principles of 4-Pi microscopy. From 1993 to 1996 he worked as a group leader at theUniversity of Turku(Finland) in the department forMedical Physics,[10]where he developed the principle for stimulated emission depletionSTED microscopy.[11]From 1993 to 1994 Hell was also for six months a visiting scientist at theUniversity of Oxford(England).[10] He received hishabilitationin physics from the University of Heidelberg in 1996. On 15 October 2002, Hell became a director of the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen[12]and he established the department of Nanobiophotonics. Since 2003 Hell has also been the leader of the department "Optical Nanoscopy division" at theGerman Cancer Research Center(DKFZ) in Heidelberg and "non-budgeted professor" (apl. Prof.) in theHeidelberg University Faculty of Physics and Astronomy.[13]Since 2004 he has been an honorary professor for experimental physics at the faculty of physics of theUniversity of Göttingen.[14]

With the invention and subsequent development ofStimulated Emission Depletion microscopyandrelated microscopy methods,he was able to show that one can substantially improve the resolving power of the fluorescence microscope, previously limited to half the wavelength of the employed light (> 200 nanometers). A microscope'sresolutionis its most important property. Hell was the first to demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, how one can decouple the resolution of the fluorescence microscope from diffraction and increase it to a fraction of the wavelength of light (to the nanometer scale). Ever since the work ofErnst Karl Abbein 1873, this feat was not thought possible. For this achievement and its significance for other fields of science, such as the life-sciences and medical research, he received the 10th German Innovation Award (Deutscher Zukunftspreis) on 23 November 2006. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2014, becoming the second Nobelist born in the Banat Swabian community (after Herta Müller, the 2009 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature).[3]

As of 2024,Hell has anh-indexof 148 according toGoogle Scholar.[15]

Awards[edit]

Publications[edit]

  • Balzarotti, F.; Eilers, Y.; Gwosch, K.; Gynnå, A. H.; Westphal, V.; Stefani, F. D.; Elf, J.; Hell, S. W. (2017). "Nanometer resolution imaging and tracking of fluorescent molecules with minimal photon fluxes".Science.355(6325): 606–612.arXiv:1611.03401.Bibcode:2017Sci...355..606B.doi:10.1126/science.aak9913.PMID28008086.S2CID5418707.
  • Butkevich, A.; Mitronova, G.; Sidenstein, S.; Klocke, J.; Kamin, D.; Meineke, D. N. H.; D'Este, E.; Kraemer, P. T.; Danzl, J. G.; Belov, V. N.; et al. (2016)."Fluorescent rhodamines and fluorogenic carbopyronines for super-resolution STED microscopy in living cells".Angewandte Chemie International Edition.55(10): 3290–3294.doi:10.1002/anie.201511018.PMC4770443.PMID26844929.

References[edit]

  1. ^"Department Hell".Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences.Retrieved1 January2024.
  2. ^"Department of Optical Nanoscopy".Max Planck Institute for Medical Research.Retrieved1 January2024.
  3. ^ab"Nobelprize.org".Retrieved11 June2017.
  4. ^(in Romanian)Răzvan Băltăreţu,"Un cercetător născut în judeţul Arad este printre câştigătorii premiului Nobel pentru chimie",Adevărul,October 8, 2014
  5. ^Andreea Ofiţeru,"Stefan W. Hell, pentru Gândul: 'Am avut profesori extraordinari în România'",Gândul,October 9, 2014
  6. ^abc(in Romanian)Andreea Pocotila,"Fizicianul premiat cu Nobelul pentru chimie vorbește românește și ține legătura cu mediul științific din țara noastră",România Liberă,October 8, 2014
  7. ^(in Romanian)Ștefan Both,"Stefan W.Hell, al doilea elev de la Liceul 'Nikolaus Lenau' din Timişoara care a câştigat un Nobel",Adevărul,October 8, 2014
  8. ^"Curriculum Vitae".Archived fromthe originalon 25 October 2007.Retrieved11 June2017.
  9. ^"NanoBiophotonics – Stefan W. Hell's Personal Profile".www.mpibpc.gwdg.de.Retrieved11 June2017.
  10. ^ab"Deutscher Zukunftspreis".Archived fromthe originalon 25 October 2007.Retrieved11 June2017.
  11. ^"MPI für biophysikalische Chemie: Hell für Deutschen Zukunftspreis 2006 nominiert".www.mpibpc.mpg.de.Retrieved11 June2017.
  12. ^"Max film"(PDF).Retrieved11 June2017.
  13. ^"CV of Stefan Hell"(PDF).Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.RetrievedOctober 9,2014.
  14. ^"Hell, Stefan, Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult".Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences, Biophysics, and Molecular Biosciences.Retrieved2015-12-03.
  15. ^Stefan Hellpublications indexed byGoogle ScholarEdit this at Wikidata
  16. ^Office, European Patent."Mission Impossible: Breaking the Visual Barrier".www.epo.org.Retrieved11 June2017.
  17. ^"Course of science".Bayer Foundation.Retrieved2021-12-15.
  18. ^Stefan Hell – Körber-Preisträger 2011Archived2014-10-13 at theWayback Machine
  19. ^"From microscopy to nanoscopy: 2011 Meyenburg Award goes to Stefan Hell".www.dkfz.de.Retrieved11 June2017.
  20. ^"STEFAN W. HELL, Doctor Honoris Causa al Universitatii de Vest" Vasile Goldis "".9 October 2014.Retrieved11 June2017.
  21. ^"Imagini de la evenimentul dedicat laureatului Premiului Nobel, Ștefan Hell – Familia Regală a României / Royal Family of Romania".www.romaniaregala.ro.Retrieved11 June2017.
  22. ^"Laureat al Premiului Nobel decorat de Regele Mihai – Familia Regală a României / Royal Family of Romania".www.romaniaregala.ro.Retrieved11 June2017.
  23. ^(in Romanian)Ștefan Pană,"Stefan Hell, laureat al Nobel, a fost decorat de Iohannis",Mediafax, September 4, 2015
  24. ^"New Physico-Chemical Tools for New Biology".UCLA.Retrieved9 November2015.
  25. ^"Awardees".Wilmelm Exner Stiftung.Retrieved12 April2017.
  26. ^National Academy of Sciences Members and Foreign Associates Elected,News from the National Academy of Sciences,National Academy of Sciences,May 3, 2016,retrieved2016-05-14.
  27. ^"Current RMS Honorary Fellows".www.rms.org.uk.Retrieved18 December2017.
  28. ^"Group 2: Astronomy, Physics and Geophysics".Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.Archived fromthe originalon 22 December 2017.Retrieved22 December2017.
  29. ^"Hell".ORDEN POUR LE MÉRITE(in German).Retrieved11 June2023.

External links[edit]

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