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Storm Eunice

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Storm Eunice
Storm Eunice on 17 February 2022
Meteorological history
Formed17 February 2022
Dissipated19 February 2022
Extratropical cyclone
Highest gusts196 km/h (122 mph; 106 kn) atThe Needles,Isle of Wight
Overall effects
Fatalities
  • 17
    • Netherlands: 4
    • Poland: 4
    • Germany: 3
    • United Kingdom: 3
    • Belgium: 2
    • Ireland: 1
Damage
  • >1.83 billion
    **£369 million (€435.8 million; UK)[1]
Areas affectedBelgium,Czech Republic,Denmark,France,Germany,Ireland,Lithuania,Netherlands,Poland,United Kingdom
Power outages3,100,000 at peak[3][4][5][6]

Part of the2021–2022 European windstorm season

Storm Eunice(/ˈjnɪs/) (known asStorm Zeynepin Germany andStorm Norain Denmark) was an extremely powerfulextratropical cyclonewith hurricane-force winds that was part of the2021–2022 European windstorm season.Storm Eunice was named by the UKMet Officeon 14 February 2022. Ared weather warningwas issued on 17 February for parts ofSouth West EnglandandSouth Wales,with a second red warning issued on 18 February, the day the storm struck, forLondon,theSouth EastandEast of England.

Eunice set a new record for the fastest wind gust recorded in England with 122 miles per hour (196 km/h) atThe Needles,Isle of Wight.The storm was one of the most powerful to impact the south coast of England since theGreat Storm of 1987.[7]

The storm caused a huge amount of damage in parts ofWestern,CentralandNorthern Europe;millions of people were left without power across affected areas, and many homes had sustained damage. The UK was particularly hard hit, with 1.4 million homes left without power at its peak. Several other countries were struck hard by Eunice, with wind damage being mostly the cause of it. Heavy winds damaged parts of buildings, and wind gusts in excess of 120 miles per hour (190 km/h) were recorded. Eunice caused 17 fatalities, and multiple injuries.

Meteorology

[edit]

TheMet Officenamed Storm Eunice (as well asStorm Dudley) on 14 February;[8][9]theFree University of Berlin(FUB) named the same storm "Zeynep" on 16 February.[10]Storm Eunice formed on 17 February on a complex cold front situated west of Azores.[11]It rapidly deepened later on 17 February being driven along the right entrance region of the upper-level jet.[11]Met ÉireannofIrelandtweeted that the rapid pressure drop duringcyclogenesismet the criteria forexplosive cyclogenesis.[12][13]The storm also developed asting jetsimilarly to theGreat Storm of 1987.[14]

Impact

[edit]

Belgium

[edit]

The roof of theGhelamco Arenawas damaged, resulting in the postponement of theFirst Division Amatch betweenGentandSeraingscheduled for 18 February.[15]InTournai,parts of a crane were torn loose and fell on a hospital, damaging the roof and top floor.[16]The town centre ofAssehad to be evacuated due to the risk of a church tower collapsing.[17]

Public transport was temporarily suspended in large parts ofFlanders,withNMBSandDe Lijnboth announcing trains, buses, and trams were scrapped.Thalysservices betweenBrusselsandAmsterdamwere also cancelled.[18][19]Two ships ran adrift off the Belgian coast. The cargo shipDiamond Skydrifted through twooffshore wind farms,but arrived at its final destination in the Netherlands without sustaining any damage. TheMaersk Nimbusoil tanker was forced to lie at anchor in theC-Power offshore wind farmuntil its rescue by tugboats the next day.[20][21]

Two people died as a result of the heavy winds. InYpres,a 79-year-old British man drowned after falling from his boat at the marina. InGhent,a man was hit by a broken solar panel and died in a hospital the next day.[21]At least three others were seriously injured. InMenen,an 18-year-old jogger was taken to a hospital in critical condition after being hit by a loose branch. InTemse,a man sustained a major head injury after a metal plate was ripped off a construction site container. InVeurne,a truck driver was hospitalized after his or her truck was overturned.[22][23]

The highest wind gust measured in Belgium during the storm was 144 km/h (89 mph) inKnokke-Heist.[citation needed]

Czech Republic

[edit]

The storm had left 26,000 homes without power and several railway lines in the country were suspended.[24]

Denmark

[edit]

TheDanish Meteorological Institutedecided to give the storm the name Nora, believing the name Eunice would be difficult to pronounce in Nordic languages.[25]Nora did not cause significant damage to Denmark, and most models suggest Nora hit it with wind speeds of 60~70 km/h (37~43 mph). They also suggested Nora hitSouthern Jutlandthe most, particularly near the German border as this was where Nora was closest to Denmark from Germany.[26]

The highest wind recorded during the storm was 146 km/h (91 mph) inHøjer.[citation needed]

France

[edit]

In France, an orange warning was issued in 5 departments, with 140 km/h (87 mph) winds anticipated in the northernmost points of France, however the peak was 176 km/h (109 mph) atCap Gris Nez.[27]Nord,Pas-de-Calais,Somme,Seine-Maritime,andMancheall received orange weather warnings, and yellow weather warnings were issued for most of Northern France. Police inWimereuxwere reported to have been patrolling the seafront ensuring nobody walked on it.[28]

Six people were seriously injured in theNorddepartment of France. Up to 160,000 households were left without electricity throughout the country. Regional trains inHauts-de-FranceandNormandywere suspended, and theLille-Flandres stationwas temporarily evacuated after debris fell on the glass roof.[29][30]

Germany

[edit]
The wreckage of the windmill at Klettbach.

In Germany, Eunice was named Zeynep by the FUB, ahead of the system's impact storm tide warnings were issued near theElberiver in preparation for 90 mph (145 km/h) winds, higher thanYleniawhich impacted the area only days prior. Eunice made landfall at about midday local time, close to the mouth of the Elbe.

Two people died in separate car accidents in the western state ofNorth Rhine-Westphaliain connection with the storm, authorities said.[31][32]A man died after falling when trying to repair a damaged roof nearCuxhaven,Lower Saxonyin the municipality ofWurster Nordseeküste.[33][34]

InHamburg,astorm surgeup theRiver Elbereached 3.75m.[35]A 55-meter crane collapsed on an under-construction office building inBremen.[citation needed][36]

Apost millatKlettbach,Thuringiawas blown down. Photographs show that the main post had snapped where thequarterbarsjoin and the mill had blown over onto its side.[37]It is hoped that the mill can be rebuilt.[38]

First estimations expect an insured damage of 900 million Euros.[2]

The highest wind gust measured in Germany was 145.8 km/h (90.6 mph) atBrocken.[39]

Ireland

[edit]

On 16 February,Met Éireannissued a Status Orange wind warning for seven counties for 18 February, saying the storm would bring severe and potentially damaging winds, gusting up to 130 km/h.[40]The next day, further weather warnings for rain, wind and snow were issued by Met Éireann, with a Status Red wind warning for countiesCork,Kerry,ClareandWaterford,while all schools, colleges, universities and childcare facilities were advised to close in counties with Status Red wind and Orange snow warnings.[41][42]A number of flights, ferry crossings, bus and train services were cancelled throughout the country.[43]

A gust of wind with a speed of 172 kilometres per hour (107 mph) was recorded offshore atFastnet Lighthouse,[44]while a gust of 137 kilometres per hour (85 mph) was recorded atRoche's Point,Cork Harbour.[45]

Up to 80,000 homes and businesses were without power nationally.[46]InCounty Wexford,a 59-year-oldcouncilworker was killed by a falling tree while out clearing debris.[47][48]There were reports of damages to the roof ofClontarf Road DART station.[49]

Lithuania

[edit]

The storm caused power outages across Lithuania on 19 February, mostly in the western and central regions. The water level in the riverDanė[lt]in Lithuania's port townKlaipėdarose rapidly and flooded streets in the city centre, and shipping in the region had to be stopped. According to representatives of Klaipėda Port, wind gusts reached 90 km/h (56 mph) and is expected to rise up to 100–108 km/h (62–67 mph). Maximum recorded wave height was 5 meters (16 feet).[50]

Luxembourg

[edit]

The storm caused flight disruptions atFindel Airport,where some flights were cancelled, and wind gusts of up to 110 km/h (68 mph) were forecasted.[51]

Netherlands

[edit]

ThemeteorologicalinstituteKNMIissued rare code red warnings as a result of Storm Eunice forZeeland,South Holland,North Holland,FrieslandandIJsselmeerregions. A code orange was in effect for the rest of the country, excludingLimburg,which faced only a code yellow warning.[52]KNMIreported that they expected gusts between 100 and 120 km/h for inland areas. This is the fourth time a code red has been issued since 2021 in the Netherlands, with the last in July 2021.[53]

Dutch railway operatorNSannounced on 17 February that it was cancelling all domestic and international train traffic on 18 February at 14:00 CET (13:00 UTC).[54]Many universities and schools closed their doors in the afternoon of 18 February. In addition, national retailers, courts and town halls stopped services across the country in the afternoon.[55]

TheEredivisiematch betweenFortuna SittardandSparta Rotterdamscheduled for the evening of 18 February was postponed as the safety of players, staff and supporters could not be guaranteed due to the extreme weather conditions in the area.[56]

On 18 February, four people were killed in accidents involving fallen trees. Two people died inAmsterdamafter being struck by a falling tree; one of them was a cyclist.[57]A driver inDiemenwas struck and killed by a falling tree as well.[58][59][60]A fourth person died inAdorpnearGroningen,after colliding with a fallen tree in their car.[61]

The roof of theADO Den Haag Stadiumwas damaged.[62]

In the early evening of 18 February, several houses inThe Haguewere evacuated following reported instability in one of the two towers of theElandkerk[nl]in the town'sZeeheldenkwartierneighbourhood.[63][64]

The storm also caused wind meters far more inland to register high wind gusts. InCabauw,Utrecht,a wind gust of 145 km/h (90 mph) was measured.[65]

Poland

[edit]

Four people including two car drivers and two passers-by were killed and nine people injured. The storm brought down thousands of trees, and blocked road and rail transport (mainly inPomerania,Mazovia,Greater Poland,WarmiaandMasuria).PKP ICtrains suffered from cancellations and delays of more than 400 minutes.[66]More than 1.2 million people remained without electricity. More than 5,000 buildings were damaged. The112 emergency phone numberwas overloaded. There were more than 180,000 emergency calls and more than 25,000 emergency actions, mainly regarding fallen trees, severed electricity lines or damaged roofs. Some skyscrapers inWarsawwere damaged.[67]The highest gusts were recorded on the morning of 19 February in the Baltic port ofŁeba(119 km/h) and onŚnieżkamountain (162 km/h).[68]

United Kingdom

[edit]

Eunice caused at least £360 million worth of damage in the UK.[1]

Damage caused to the roof of The O2 Arena

Weather warningsfor wind, ice and rain were issued by theMet Officespanning most of the UK on 17 February: these warnings includedred warnings,because of a danger to life from flying debris, acrossWalesandSouthern England.[69][70][71]People living on the north coasts ofCornwall,DevonandSomersetin South West England were warned to expect flooding, hence the "danger to life"red warning.[72]Soon after,South East England,East of EnglandandLondonwere issued a red warning. Schools were widely closed,[73][74]along with public facilities (e.g. libraries),[75]delivery services,[76]sea crossings,[77]and several bridges.[78]TheHumber Bridge,Queen Elizabeth II Bridgeand theOrwell Bridgewere closed; the closure of theSevern Bridgeand thePrince of Wales Bridgemade it the first time that both Severn bridges have been closed simultaneously, and the first time the Prince of Wales bridge had been closed due to wind.[79]TheLangstone Bridgeclosed for almost three hours over fears of high tide surges, cutting offHayling Islandas the only road to and from the settlement.[80]The prime minister,Boris Johnson,said that the army had been placed on "standby".[78]

Authorities across the country were inundated with phone calls related to the storm, with some having to ask the public only to dial999if there was a risk to life.London Fire Brigadedeclared a major incident – receiving 1,958 calls on Friday, three times more than the previous day. The ambulance service in the South Central England region declared a critical incident due to demand on its emergency services.[81]

A gust of wind with a speed of 122 miles per hour (196 km/h) was recorded atThe Needles,Isle of Wight,the fastest gust ever recorded in England, though unofficially, 40 minutes after the reading was taken, the wind gust hit 125 mph (201 km/h).[62][82][83]

There were several casualties, including three fatalities. One person inWaterloowas injured by falling debris; another inStreathamwas injured by a falling tree.[84]Three people were taken to hospital after a car hit a tree inBradford-upon-Avon.One person was hospitalised with serious injuries after being hit by debris from a roof inHenley-on-Thames.[85]An elderly man was injured when a section of roof was blown off the Bournemouth Sands Hotel inWestbourne.[86]

Police inHighgate,north London, said they were called to reports of a tree falling on a car at 16:00 GMT. The woman, a passenger, was pronounced dead at the scene, while the driver, a man in his 30s, was taken to hospital. The man killed inMerseysidewas a passenger in a car heading towardsAintreeat about 14:10 when debris reportedly hit the windscreen, police said. Paramedics treated him at the scene, but he was pronounced dead. The driver was not injured. InAlton, Hampshire,two men were in a pickup truck when it was crushed by a falling tree. The passenger was pronounced dead at the scene while the driver was taken to hospital with serious injuries.[81]

InLondon,large sections ofThe O2 Arena's fabric roof were torn away.[87][88]Two lorries overturned on theM4westbound betweenMargamandPort Talbot.[89]The storm blew the top of the spire offChurch of St Thomas, Wells,Somerset.[90]Thede Havilland Venomdisplay plane outside Grove Business Park,Wantage,Oxfordshirecollapsed in high winds. InReading,The Cartwheeling Boys statue collapsed in a pile of rubble.[91]One of the three towers atGrain Power Stationcollapsed,[62][92]and the power station was taken offline for safety.[93]The early 21st century bandstand at theDe La Warr PaviliononBexhill-on-Seaseafront inEast Sussexwas destroyed.[94]Cladding on aLeedstower block was ripped off.[95]Preston Railway Stationwas evacuated after the roof suffered structural damage. The station was subsequently deemed unsafe, withNetwork Railwarning passengers to avoid it. It was partially reopened the next day, with only three of the six platforms in use.[96]A part of the lion enclosure’s fence atAfrica Alive!inKessingland, Suffolkwas smashed by a fallen tree.[97]A block of flats inGosporthad its roof ripped off by the storm.[98]Cladding on Evenlode Tower atBlackbird LeysinOxfordalso came loose.[99]A water pipe burst at Hove Lagoon inBrighton and Hove,re-flooding it after it was emptied for cleaning and possibly costing the owner thousands of pounds.[100]

It is thought that on Friday 18 February there was a record number of homes without power, at around 1.4 million homes.[3][101]

90,000 homes inSouth West Englandwere left without power.[102]InCornwall,power outages affectedBossiney,Lanarth,MarazionandTrevarrack.[102]Dorsetwas heavily affected by the storm.[103]TheSandbanks Ferryservice was suspended.[104]Buildings inPokesdownwere damaged,[105]and a power cut affectedTower Park.[106]TheIsle of Portlandrecorded a gust of 90 miles per hour (140 km/h), which was the highest wind speed recorded on mainland Britain during the storm.[107]

AnEFL Championshipgame betweenAFC BournemouthandNottingham Forestscheduled for the evening of 18 February was postponed because of damage to Bournemouth’s ground, theVitality Stadium,caused by the storm.[108]

Trains were cancelled and delayed across the UK (including the complete cancellation of services in Wales).[109]More than 430 flights due to take off or land at UK airports were cancelled on Friday.[110]Landings atHeathrow Airportof incoming aircraft attempting to land at the airport, including numerousgo-aroundsandtouch-and-go landings,were live-streamed on theYouTubechannelBig Jet TV,leading to global media coverage.[111][112][113]

On 19 February, a yellow warning was issued in southern Wales and the coast of South West England for wind and another for ice inFlintshire.[114]The Prince of Wales Bridge was reopened, however the Severn Bridge remained closed due to forecast of high winds.[115]

As of 20 February, there were still 83,000 homes without power across the United Kingdom: 29,000 in South West England; 23,000 in South East England; 20,000 in South England; 7,000 in Eastern England; and around 3,000 in South Wales.[3]

On 20 February,Storm Franklinwas named by the Met Office, and was expected to hamper recovery efforts from Storm Eunice. However, the storm was not as intense as Storm Eunice.[116]

Highest wind gust per country

[edit]
Country Gust Location Date
Austria 142 km/h Watzespitze 19 February
Belgium 144 km/h Knokke-Heist 18 February
Czech Republic 164 km/h Sněžka 19 February
Denmark 135 km/h Gedser Odde 19 February
France 176 km/h Cap Gris Nez 18 February
Germany 162 km/h Leuchtturm Alte Weser 18 February
Guernsey 186 km/h Albecq,Castel 18 February
Ireland 172 km/h Fastnet Lighthouse 17 February
Jersey 176 km/h Trinity 18 February
Liechtenstein 126 km/h Eschen 19 February
Lithuania 121 km/h Klaipėda 19 February
Luxembourg 130 km/h Wincrange 18 February
Netherlands 145 km/h Cabauw 18 February
Norway 142 km/h Loshavn 18 February
Poland 162 km/h Łeba 19 February
Sweden 144 km/h Skanör 19 February
Switzerland 148 km/h Aletsch Glacier 19 February
United Kingdom 196 km/h The Needles 18 February

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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