Sunni Bohra
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Sunni VohrasorSunni Bohras,are a community from the state ofGujaratinIndia.Sharing the same name as theDawoodi Bohras,they are often confused with that community. A few families use the slightly different spelling of "Vora" or "Vahora" as their surname. Another common surname isPatel.[1]
Sunni Bohras have had a large presence in the historicalIndian Ocean maritime trade,and the Sunni Bohra merchant Mulla Abdul Ghafur was one of the richest merchants of the 18th Century.[2][3]
History and distribution[edit]
There are multiple Gujarati muslim communities that use the Vohra name. The community is split into four different sects.[1]
Bharuchi and Surti Sunni Vohras[edit]
The Sunni Vohras of South Gujarat are a large community spanning fromCambaytoValsad.The ones north of the river Narmada are commonly known as Bharuchi Sunni Vohras, and the ones South of Narmada are commonly known as Surti Sunni Vohras. Many Vohras from this community, especially north of the Narmada, use thePatelsurname. Historically this community was involved in farming and trade. Many members of this community have large amounts of Middle Eastern ancestry from the large Middle Eastern settlements in ancient South Gujarat (seeDiverse Origins of Bharuchi and Surti Muslims).[4]Some members of this community were converted from the dominant South Gujarat landowning farmer communities during Muslim rule in Gujarat.[1][5]
This community is now found in towns and villages in South Gujarat, and the diaspora is found in many places around the world, especially in places such asSouth Africa,Canada,Britain,Burma,Zimbabwe,Barbados,Reunion(known asZarabes),Mauritiusetc. In many places they have played a substantial role in establishing some of the first Sunni Muslim mosques and being a leading part of the Muslim community, as well as pioneering technological and economic advancements. Many prominent figures such asMufti Menk,Hafiz Patel,Major Atchia,Ahmed Deedat,Ajum Goolam Hossen,Ghulam Vastanvi,Mohsin and Zuber Issa,Alimuddin ZumlaandAhmed Kathradabelong to this community.[6][7][8][9]
Patani Bohras[edit]
Patani BohrasorJafari Bohrasare converts of the IsmailiBohrasin Patan during Muslim rule of Gujarat. Some Dawoodi Bohras underwent persecution during Muslim rule after theMuslim conquest of Gujaratand converted fromMustaaliIsmailitoSunni Islam.[5]The leader of part of this conversion movement toSunni Islamwas said to be Jafar Patani, himself a Bohra convert toSunni Islam.In 1538,Syed Jafar Ahmad Shirazi,a missionary from Sindh, convinced Patani Bohras to cease social relations with Ismaili Bohras making the Patani Sunni Bohras a distinct sect.[10][11]
Kadiwal Vohras[edit]
Kadiwal Vohras are located inKadiandAhmedabadand are traditionally followers of Pir Muhammad Shah.[1]
Charotar Vohras[edit]
Charotar Vohras are located inAnandand converted from farming communities in Anand during theGujarat Sultunate.[1]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^abcdeMisra, Satish C. (1964).Muslim Communities In Gujarat.
- ^"Insights into India's Business History".Economic and Political Weekly.2012-03-17.
At the end of the 17th century, Abdul Ghafur of the Bohra community was the richest merchant in Surat, if not in the whole of India.
- ^Congress, Indian History (1998).Proceedings.Indian History Congress.
The commercial world of Gujarat at the beginning of the 18th century was dominated by the Bohra family of Abdul Ghafur, undoubtedly the richest merchant of his time; hence his title' Umdat-ut Tujjar', 'Chief of Merchants'
- ^Nakhuda, Ismaeel."An East India Company massacre in British Gujarat in 1810".Basair.net.Retrieved2023-11-10.
The Sunni Bohras (also known as Vohras) are several traditionally endogamous Muslim communities found in Gujarat.. they are of mixture of ancestry – some may have certainly converted while others are descendants of foreign Muslim groups (Arabs and Persians) who over the centuries settled in Gujarat.
- ^abBombay (Presidency) (1899).Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency.Government central Press.
- ^"Bharuchi Vahora Patel – Gujarati Writers' Guild UK".www.mahek.co.uk.Retrieved2023-11-09.
- ^Rivière, Marc Serge (2018)."AMODE IBRAHIM ATCHIA ('MAJOR') 1868-1947: MAURITIAN PIONEER IN ELECTRICITY, INNOVATOR, AND PHILANTHROPIST".New Horizons.12(1): 55–68.ProQuest2063293631.
- ^"Yangon Time Machine".www.yangontimemachine.com.Retrieved2023-11-09.
- ^"Gujarat's 'Rangoon Wallas'".Himal Southasian.2014-06-26.Retrieved2023-11-10.
- ^Patani Bohras
- ^Sunni Vohras