General Electric T700
This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(January 2010) |
T700 / CT7 | |
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Type | Turboshaft |
National origin | United States |
Manufacturer | GE Aviation |
First run | 1973 |
Major applications | Bell AH-1W SuperCobra Bell AH-1Z Viper Bell UH-1Y Venom Boeing AH-64 Apache CASA/IPTN CN-235 KAI KUH-1 Surion Saab 340 Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk |
Number built | Over 20,000[1] |
Developed into | General Electric T901 |
TheGeneral Electric T700andCT7are a family ofturboshaftandturbopropengines in the 1,500–3,000 shp (1,100–2,200 kW) class.
Design and development
[edit]In 1967, General Electric began work on a new turboshaft engine demonstrator designated the "GE12" in response to US Army interest in a next-generation utility helicopter.[2]The GE12 was designed and conceived by GE's Art Adamson and Art Adinolfi. In 1967, both GE and Pratt & Whitney were awarded contracts to work parallel with each other to design, fabricate, and test the technology.[2]The Army effort led, in the 1970s, to development of theSikorsky S-70Black Hawk, powered by twin GE "T700" turboshafts, the production descendant of the GE12.[2]
The T700 was initially bench-tested in 1973, passed military qualification in 1976, and went into production in 1978.[3]The initial "T700-GE-700" is an ungearedfree-turbine turboshaft,with a five-stage axial / one-stage centrifugal mixed-flow compressor, featuring one-piece "blisk"axial stages, with the inlet guide vanes and first two stator stages variable; an annular combustion chamber with central fuel injection to improve combustion and reduce smoke; a two-stage compressor turbine; and a two-stage free power turbine with tip-shrouded blades. The engine is designed for high reliability, featuring an inlet particle separator designed to spin out dirt, sand, and dust. The T700-GE-700 is rated at 1,622 shp (1,210 kW) intermediate power.
The T700-GE-700 was followed by improved and uprated Army engine variants for theUH-60 Black Hawkand theAH-64 Apachehelicopters, as well as marinized naval engine variants for theSH-60 Seahawkderivative of the Black Hawk, theSH-2G Seasprite,and theBell AH-1W Supercobra.T700s are also used on Italian and commercial variants of theAgustaWestland EH101/AW101helicopter, and Italian variants of theNHIndustries NH90helicopter. These are all twin-engine machines, except for the three-engined EH101.
The commercial version of the T700 is the "CT7", with the engine used on theBell 214ST(an enlarged version of the Huey), commercial Black Hawks, and theSikorsky S-92derivative of the Black Hawk, all of which are twin-engine helicopters.
The CT7 turboprop variants use the same core as the turboshaft variants, with a propeller gearbox fitted forward of the core. CT7 turboprops are used on variants of the SwedishSaab 340airliner, the Indonesian-Spanish AirtechCN-235cargolifter, and the CzechLet L-610G airliner, all twin-turboprop aircraft. The baseline CT7-5A provides 1,735 shp (1,294 kW) on takeoff.
In the late 1980s, GE also proposed a much larger turboprop, theT407/GLC38,with a five-stage axial/one-stage centrifugal mixed-flow compressor, an annular combustor with 15 burners; a two-stage compressor turbine, a three-stage power turbine, and max takeoff power of 6,000 shp (4,475 kW).
The YT706 engine is based on the CT7-8A engine. Compared with the H-60's primary T700 engine, the T706 has a larger compressor, hot section improvements, and full authority digital engine control.[4]The T706 is rated at 2,600 shp (1,939 kW) and increases the hot-and-high mission capability of the U.S. Army'sMH-60M Black Hawkfor Special Operations applications.[5]
Variants
[edit]T700:Military turboshaft engine.
- YT700:Prototype version.
- T700-GE-700:Initial T700 variant.
- T700-GE-701:The improved T700-GE-701A, -701B, -701C,-701D versions have also been developed from the original -700.[6]
- T700-GE-401:Navalised version for SH-60 Seahawk helicopters.
- T700-GE-401C:Universal application version of the -401.
- T700-GE-701C:Universal application version of the -701.
- T700-TEI-701D:Licensed produced version ofTusaş Engine IndustriesofTurkey.Developed for use in the Sikorsky/Turkish Aerospace Industries T-70 utility helicopter.[7]
- T700-701K:First rear-drive version of the T700 family, a product from the joint development with Samsung Techwin (later becameHanwha Aerospace). Powering theKAI KUH-1 Surionwith Hanwha's licensed production.[8]
CT7 turboshaft:Commercial version of T700.
- CT7-2A:Basic model
- CT7-2D:Higher flow compressor and surface coatings to improve resistance to wear and corrosion
- CT7-2D1:Similar to the CT7-2D but uses a CT7-6 type hot section
- CT7-2E1:Leonardo Helicopters AW189
- CT7-6/-6A:The CT7-6/-6A turboshaft engines are upgraded commercial variants of the successful T700/CT7 engine family. The turboshaft engine powers the entire development fleet ofAgustaWestland AW101helicopters with thousands of flight hours of operation.[9]
- CT7-8:The CT7-8 is a family of powerful engines in the 2,500 to 3,000 shp class. They are more powerful and more efficient versions of its predecessors.[9]
- CT7-8A:A version of the CT7-8 family used to power olderSikorsky S-92/H-92helicopters.
- CT7-8A1:A more fuel efficient version of the CT7-8A. It is used to power newer Sikorsky S-92/H-92 helicopters. The CT7-8A1 produces 2,520 shp.
- CT7-8A5
- CT7-8A7:Developed by GE as an uprated, more efficient and more reliable version of the CT7-8A1 engine for theRoyal Canadian Air Force'sSikorsky CH-148 Cyclonehelicopters. It is the most modern version of the CT7/T700 engine family. The CT7-8A7 produces 3,000 shp.
- CT7-8B
- CT7-8B5
- CT7-8E
- CT7-8E5
- CT7-8E6
- CT7-8F
- CT7-8F5
CT7 turboprop:Turboprop version of CT7.
- CT7-3:Compact shortened and lightened version.[10]
- CT7-5A2
- CT7-5A3
- CT7-7A
- CT7-7A1
- CT7-9B
- CT7-9B1
- CT7-9B2
- CT7-9C
- CT7-9C3
- CT7-9D
- CT7-9D2
Applications
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Aviation_Machinist%27s_Mate_2nd_Class_Ethan_Barnwell%2C_attaches_a_shaft_assembly_to_an_MH-60R_Sea_Hawk_engine_aboard_guided-missile_cruiser_USS_Vella_Gulf_%28CG_72%29%2C_during_operations_in_the_Arabian_Sea._%2851269313047%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg)
T700/CT7 turboshaft
[edit]- AgustaWestland AW101
- AgustaWestland AW149
- AgustaWestland AW189
- Bell 214ST
- Bell 525
- Bell AH-1W SuperCobra
- Bell AH-1Z Viper
- Bell UH-1Y Venom
- Boeing AH-64 Apache
- KAI KUH-1 Surion
- Kaman SH-2G Super Seasprite
- Kamov Ka-64 Sky Horse
- Leonardo Helicopters AW249
- NHIndustries NH90
- Sikorsky S-70/H-60 series
- Sikorsky S-92
YT706 turboshaft
[edit]CT7 turboprop
[edit]Specifications (T700)
[edit]General characteristics
- Type:Turboshaftengine
- Length:47 in (1,200 mm) (T700-GE-700/701 series); 48.2 in (1,220 mm) (T700/T6A)
- Diameter:25 to 26 in (640 to 660 mm) (T700/T6E)
- Dry weight:
- 400 lb (180 kg) (YT700-GE-700)
- 437 lb (198 kg) (T700-GE-700)
- 537 lb (244 kg) (T700/T6E)
Components
- Compressor:6 stage-5 stageaxial,1 stagecentrifugal.
- Combustors:Annular
- Turbine:2 stagegas generatorand 2 stagepower turbine
- Fuel type:JP-4orJP-5(YT700-GE-700)
- Oil system:Self contained, pressurized, recirculatingdry sump
Performance
- Maximum power output:
- Overall pressure ratio:17:1
- Specific fuel consumption:0.433 lb/(hp⋅h) (263 g/kWh)[13](T700/T6E) to 0.465 lb/(hp⋅h) (283 g/kWh) (T700-GE-701A)[citation needed]
- Power-to-weight ratio:
- 3.84 shp/lb (6.31 kW/kg) (YT700-GE-700)
- 3.71 shp/lb (6.10 kW/kg) (T700-GE-700)
- 4.48 shp/lb (7.37 kW/kg) (T700/T6E)
See also
[edit]- Advanced Affordable Turbine Engine,a program to develop a replacement for the T700 engine
Related development
Related lists
References
[edit]- ^Kover, Amy; Kellner, Tomas (December 16, 2019)."Stayin' Alive: Trusty GE Chopper Engine That Entered Service When The Bee Gees Ruled The Charts Wins New $1 Billion Lease On Life".GE Reports: Future of Flight.RetrievedMay 15,2021.
- ^abcLeyes, Richard A.; Fleming, William A. (1999).The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines.AIAA.ISBN9781563473326.Retrieved5 October2017.
- ^"Unknown Title".Verti-flite, Volume 37.1991.Retrieved5 October2017.
- ^"GE YT706 Production Contract Awarded by US Army".GE Aviation. 2007-08-13. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-23.Retrieved2007-08-16.
- ^"Sikorsky S-70A."(online subscription article)Jane's All the World's Aircraft,25 May 2016.
- ^"The General Electric T-700/T-701C".Archived fromthe originalon 2014-05-02.Retrieved2022-07-09.
- ^"TEI TO POWER BLACKHAWKS |".www.tei.com.tr.Archived fromthe originalon 2016-09-19.Retrieved2016-09-17.
- ^"T700-701K turboshaft engines datasheet"(PDF).GE Aerospace.
- ^ab"The CT7 Engine - GE Aviation".www.geaviation.com.
- ^John W.R. Taylor, ed. (1988).Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1988-89.London: Jane's Information Group.ISBN0-7106-0867-5.
- ^Govt Competitive Test UTTAS YUH-60A, USAAEFA Proj # 74-06-1
- ^"GE YT706 Power Specifications".GE Aviation. Archived fromthe originalon 2011-06-14.Retrieved2011-06-02.
- ^Peter deBock (September 18, 2019).GE turbines and small engines overview(PDF).ARPA-e INTEGRATE meeting.Global Research.General Electric.
- U.S. Department of Transportation(USDOT),Federal Aviation Administration(FAA) (July 20, 2020).Type Certificate Data Sheet No. E8NE(PDF)(Report). Archived fromthe original(PDF)on July 16, 2021.RetrievedJuly 20,2021.
The initial version of this article was based on apublic domainarticle fromGreg Goebel's Vectorsite.
External links
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