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TMZ

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This article is about the website. For the television series, seeTMZ on TV.For other uses, seeTMZ (disambiguation).
TMZ
Type of site
Tabloid journalism
Available inEnglish, Spanish
Headquarters13031 West Jefferson Boulevard
Los Angeles,California, U.S.
OwnerFox Corporation
Created by
EditorHarvey Levin
Parent
URLwww.tmz.com
CommercialYes
RegistrationOptional
LaunchedNovember 8, 2005;18 years ago(2005-11-08)[2]
Current statusActive

TMZis atabloidnews organization owned byFox Corporation.It made its debut on November 8, 2005, as a collaboration betweenAOLandTelepictures,a division ofWarner Bros.,[3]until Time Warner divested AOL in 2009. On September 13, 2021, Fox Corporation acquired TMZ from WarnerMedia for $50 million.[4][5]

The nameTMZis derived from the acronym forthirty-mile zonethat was historically used in the film and television industry to refer to the so-called "studio zone" —an area with a 30-mile (48 km) radius centered on the intersection ofBeverly BoulevardandLa Cienega BoulevardinLos Angeles,California. It was called the studio zone because of the number of film and television studios within it.

TMZ'smanaging editorisHarvey Levin,a lawyer-turned-journalist who was previously a legal expert for the Los Angeles television stationKCBS-TV.[6]While the TMZ website claims that it does not pay writers for stories or interviews, Levin has acknowledged that TMZ does "sometimes pay sources for leads on stories".[7][8]

Development[edit]

Three months before TMZ's official launch, America Online (AOL) had indicated its intention to create a Hollywood and entertainment-focused news site in collaboration with Telepictures Productions. During this pre-launch period, AOL expressed interest in establishing a website with a primary emphasis on celebrities. Upon the site's official launch, AOL confirmed that it would predominantly showcase Hollywood gossip, encompassing interviews, photos, and video content featuring celebrities. Additionally, the platform would provide information related to industry news, covering movies, television shows, and more.

The site was described as "an effort to further feed the current American obsession with celebrities". Mike Shields of MediaWeek.com wrote, "the site also boasts of an expansive collection of archived star photos and videos", allowing fans to "trace changing hairlines and waistlines of their favorites performers over the years".[9]

Company synopsis[edit]

Victory Studios inGlendale, California(pictured here in 2007), where TMZ launched. TMZ later relocated toSunset Blvd,Los Angeles.Since April 2013, TMZ is located inPlaya Vista, California.[10]

Since 2005, TMZ has signedNew Line Cinema,Hilton Hotels,ChryslerandRevlonas charter advertisers to their website.[9]The New York Timescited TMZ as "one of the most successful online ventures of the last few years."[11]In October 2008, theNew York Timesreported that TMZ, at the time, was receiving more than 10 million viewers every month.[11]

Levin has acknowledged that TMZ has passed on multiple notable coverages because he felt that, while the stories are true, he questioned how the sources obtained their information.[11]Levin has acknowledged that TMZ pays sources, but in the form of a "tip fee". Levin stated that TMZ pays for photos and for 'tips' or leads on stories, and defended TMZ's position by stating that the sources and tips are verified before being used or reported.[7]

In November 2009, TMZ's revenue was publicly disclosed for the first time.[12]Telepictures (which TMZ is operated by) stated: "Subject to certain performance adjustments and the reimbursement of expenses, revenues are split evenly between the parties [...] Telepictures received payments ofUS$6.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, andUS$12.7 million,US$9.6 million andUS$3.0 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. "[12]Based on released figures, TMZ's revenues for 2008 wasUS$25.4 million and is projected to have less revenue in the 2009 year with the revenue of $12.4 million in first three quarters of the year—unlike the previous year, which was within theUS$15 million range.[12]

On May 29, 2012, co-founderJim Paratoredied of aheart attackduring a cycling trip inFrance.Paratore was known for his work in television production, producing several daytime and syndicated programs, particularly while serving as an executive atTelepictures(which co-produced the website's companionsyndicated television series).[13]

Legal issues[edit]

Contempt-of-court motion[edit]

On June 20, 2007, a court-appointed bankruptcy trustee filed an emergency motion[14]requesting that the TMZ website be held incontemptfor its publication of the entire manuscript ofIf I Did It,O. J. Simpson's purportedly fictionalized account of the murder ofRon GoldmanandNicole Brown Simpson.[15]

The filing claimed TMZ's posting of thePDFof the entire book has "diminished or destroyed" its value.

Photographer altercation[edit]

While actorWoody Harrelsonwas at New York City'sLaGuardia Airport,he had an altercation with a photographer for TMZ.[16]Harrelson defended himself stating that he had at the time just finished filming his scenes from the horror film, that consists mainly of zombies,Zombieland,and that he was "startled" by the TMZ photographer. "I wrapped a movie called Zombieland, in which I was constantly under assault by zombies, then flew to New York, still very much in character... With my daughter at the airport I was startled by a paparazzo, who I quite understandably mistook for a zombie."[16]

Temporary block in the UK[edit]

On December 24, 2010, the gossip blog "Oh No They Didn't"reported that TMZ began blocking traffic from theUK,displaying the message: "Due to laws within your region, you are unable to view this website." Asked for further comment, TMZ responded that the blocking was due to "legal restrictions" related toEnglish defamation law.[17]The UK website "PopbitchBoard "noted on December 31, 2010, that it is possible to get around the block by accessing the website through the Google Translate website. As of January 7, 2011, TMZ is accessible in the UK.[18]

Branches[edit]

TMZ Live[edit]

TMZ Liveis a live-chat program from TMZ that features Levin and fellow TMZexecutive producerCharles Latibeaudiere, and occasionally senior producer Michael Babcock filling in for one or both hosts.[citation needed]Other TMZ staffers (mainly those who regularly appear onTMZ on TV) also appear on the broadcast as contributors to provide additional outline of the story as well as to provide opinion. The live webcast takes place at the TMZ offices in Los Angeles,[19]and is broadcast on TMZ.com Monday through Fridays from approximately 1:30 to 3:00 p.m.Eastern Time(the length varies depending on the featured segments).

TheTMZ Livetelevision and Internet programs review stories that TMZ is covering on the website, and at times, features live interviews (most of which are conducted throughwebcamconferencing) as well as viewer opinions viaTwitter,telephone and video chat (includingSkype). In addition, the program features regular segments towards the end of each edition: "Viewer's Choice" (aired as the penultimate segment) featuring viewer questions or comments about stories featured in the broadcast, with additional commentary or analysis by the hosts. "Hate Mail," featured on the Wednesday edition of the webcast (the Thursday edition on the television broadcast), in which negative emails and letters sent by viewers (some of which feature potshots at Levin or Latibeaudiere) are read by the hosts

"Tim's Rejects," featured on the Thursday edition of the webcast (the Friday edition on the television broadcast), in which staffer Tim Nowak presents three offbeat news stories (that are not entertainment or sports-related) which are critiqued by the hosts. "The Loser's Circle," featured on the Friday edition of the webcast (the Monday edition on the television broadcast) since February 2015, in which Levin, Latibeaudiere andTMZ on TVexecutive producer Evan Rosenblum judge a clip from a TMZ videographer that was originally rejected from being posted on TMZ.com by Levin or broadcast onTMZ on TVby post-production supervisor Chad Weiser following its initial pitch. "Tim's Rejects" and "Hate Mail" were previously aired as the last segment of their respective editions until April 2015, when they were shifted to the block preceding that occupied by the "Viewer's Choice" segment (at which point, all three segments as well as "The Loser's Circle" began to be followed by a story segment).

In March 2012,Fox Television Stationstested asyndicated broadcastofTMZ Live(which is an hour-long edited version of the live webcast that is broadcast on a one-day delay from its original tape date, with segments aired in a different order, mainly due to live interviews that require the segment to be shown out of order on the webcast for varied reasons) on its television stations inLos AngelesandPhoenix.In June 2012,SiriusXMRadio announced that the show would be aired daily on itsSirius XM Starschannel. In October of that year, the television show was expanded to seven markets, addingBoston,Chicago,Dallas,DetroitandMinneapolis.On September 9, 2013,TMZ Livebegan airing on all 18 Foxowned-and-operated stations.[20][21]The program began to be syndicated to stations outside of the Fox Television Stations group in the spring of 2014.

TMZ on TV[edit]

Main article:TMZ on TV

On September 10, 2007, TMZ launched an accompanying television series,TMZ on TV.[22][23][24]The syndicated television program airs Monday through Fridays.[citation needed]

In the United States, the show airs in various timeslots on stations of varying network affiliation (primarily onFoxstations), mainly either in early primetime or after late local newscasts, with an hour-long 'best-of' program compiling select stories from the weekday broadcasts airing on weekends.[25]The show covers stories similar to those found on the website andTMZ Live,with the main difference being thatTMZ on TVlargely delivers its stories in a humorous manner whereas a mix of humorous and serious news stories appear on the website and companion web/television series. TMZ offers viewers the option of being able to view the two most recent episodes of the program on TMZ.com after the episode's original airdate (being available for viewing for two days after the broadcast on weekdays and three days after the original broadcast on weekends).[26]

Chris Persell, of TVWeek.com, stated that the show is a "complement [to] the website, with news updates added to later airings of the show".[27]Levin andJim Paratoreserved as executive producers to the show, and the on-air cast originally included Teresa Strasser,John Fugelsang,Ben Mankiewicz and Michael Hundgen.[27]David Bianculli ofThe New York Daily Newsstrongly criticized the television show, its topics, and what he sees as its reporters' tactics and lack of professionalism.[23]

Dax Chat[edit]

Dax Chatis a live chat program onUstreamhosted by TMZ clip clearance producerDax Holt.In the broadcasts, Holt talks to "Chizzlers" about celebrity gossip and articles that have been posted on the TMZ website.[28]

TMZ Sports[edit]

As early as 2009, Levin was rumored to be interested in creating a TMZ branded sports site.[29]The site was initially expected to launch in March 2010 but those plans did not see fruition.[30][31]It eventually launched as a branded section on the main TMZ website in June 2013.[32]Premiere Networkslaunched a dailyTMZ Sportsradio show in October 2013.[33]A television show began testmarketing on select regional Fox stations in January 2014.[32][34]It then aired during the 2014/2015 seasons onReelzunder nameTMZ Hollywood Sports.[32]On November 9, 2015, the series reverted to being known asTMZ Sportsand moved toFox Sports 1.[35]TMZ Sportsis co-hosted by TMZ Sports Executive Producer Michael Babcock, WNBA playerRenee Montgomery,and former WWE Superstar and NFL player,Mojo Muhtadi.

TMZ France[edit]

TMZ France was created on December 18, 2012.[citation needed]

Criticism[edit]

Since the launch of TMZ, the website has faced criticism, varying from attempted boycotts to criticism of its journalistic tactics and of its focus. It has been criticized for its usage of photographs and videos obtained frompaparazzi.[16][36][37]Some have questioned the effect that aggressive and obtrusive photographers have on the subjects they cover.[37]Many of the videos on the site show, in the footage, that their paparazzi chase people (mainly celebrities)—a practice that has been called dangerous[37]and "creepy".[36]Over the years, some have called for a boycott of TMZ and of the accompanying show.[38]

TMZ has also faced internal criticism due toHarvey Levin's emerging support forDonald Trumpin the run-up to the2016 United States presidential election.[39]By 2020, dozens of former TMZ employees had spoken to the media about a racist andmisogynisticworkplace culture which TMZ's internal leadership was unwilling to change.[40]

Reporting of suicide details[edit]

AfterLinkin Parklead vocalistChester Benningtondied by suicide in July 2017, TMZ reported in December 2017 that Bennington had attempted to drown himself nine months before his death; this information had been redacted from the Los Angeles County Coroner's report following a request from a lawyer representing Bennington's widow, Talinda. Talinda responded with criticism of the Los Angeles County Coroner's office for disclosing the information to TMZ as well as TMZ itself, concluding aTwittertirade with thehashtag"#FuckyouTMZ".[41]

In May 2018, TMZ reported intimate details of the suicide of Swedish DJAvicii,who had died that April, with the headline "Avicii's suicide caused by self-inflicted cuts from glass".[42][43]Jennifer Michael Hecht,writing forVox,criticized TMZ's reporting as beingsensationalistand going against the CDC's recommended guidelines for reporting suicides, which include not mentioning the method of suicide.[44]Talinda Bennington also reacted unfavorably, urging people to "[not] click on the TMZ article or any other about the private details of Avicii’s passing", adding "This is how [we] can stop [filthy TMZ]."[45]

Stolen Indiana Jones items[edit]

TMZ faced strong criticism for purchasing stolen items pertaining to the fourth Indiana Jones film,Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull.[46]On October 2, 2007, IESB reported that a number of production photos and sensitive documents pertaining to the production budget had been stolen fromSteven Spielberg's production office.[47]

Movie City News,which strongly criticized TMZ for purchasing stolen items, remarked that the then-new website "wasn't getting off to a good start".[46]According to IESB, TMZ had obtained some of the stolen property and was planning on running a story about the topic on their TV show, until the lawyers of the film's production company,Paramount Pictures,intervened. Shortly after IESB broke the story, TMZ broadcast details about theIndiana Jonesproduction budget on their show on October 3, 2007.[46][48]

Story-gathering tactics[edit]

Tony Manfred ofThe Cornell Daily Suncriticized TMZ in a September 2007 article entitled "I Want My TMZ", describing TMZ as being "a fusion of celebrity news blog and embarrassing video archive" and stating that he felt that the website had become "the poster child for the celebrity pseudo-news industry" and that the website has "distinct advantages" over "gossip magazines"because it can" show all the borderline pornographic clips thatEntertainment TonightandAccess Hollywoodcan't. "[36]

Jennifer Metz and David Muir ofABC Newsacknowledged that TMZ has long been criticized for their "aggressive tactics, antagonizing stars with video cameras" and noted that those "encounters, capturing at times violent celebrity confrontations with photographers, receive hundreds of hits online, and critics ask if entertainment reporters are crossing the line." Metz and Muir questioned whether TMZ's tactics "go too far".[37]

Ken Sunshine,publicistforBen AffleckandLeonardo DiCaprio,stated that his clients disliked the website because it has a tendency to benegative towards celebritieswhen reporting on them. "I hate that they have anything to do with trying to put celebrities into the worst light possible and that they play the 'gotcha' game ".[49]A student newspaper criticized TMZ for having apersonality cultof figures such asLindsay LohanandParis Hilton—celebrities who are known more as targets for paparazzi than for the work they do.[36]In defense for TMZ's coverage, Levin said that certain celebrities are main subjects on the website because of their "relevancy" and because their relevancy helps draw viewership to the website.[50]Liz Kelly ofWashington Postattacked both Levin and TMZ in an article, stating: "I know this is like spitting in the wind, but I have to say it: Harvey Levin, please stop it."[16]

Murder of Andre Lowe[edit]

On January 16, 2013, Andre Lowe was killed outside of a nightclub in Hollywood. A nearby reporter from TMZ ended up filming the attack and it was posted to the website without permission of the family.[51]On January 22, 2013, TMZ ended up taking down the video after over two dozen advertisers revoked ads for the website because of the campaign.[52][53]

Death of Kobe Bryant[edit]

At 11:24 a.m. Pacific Time on January 26, 2020, TMZ reported onthe deathof basketball playerKobe Bryant,[54]being the first news outlet to do so.[55]TMZ received enormously negative criticism, notably fromSheriff Alex Villanuevaof theLos Angeles County Sheriff's Department,for reporting on the story before the next of kin had been notified.[55][56]

Johnny Depp Vs. Amber Heard[edit]

During the defamation trial against actressAmber Heard,TMZ was a point of discussion and raised much criticism. LawyerCamille Vasquezconfronted Ms. Heard, claiming Heard gave a video of Depp being agitated and slamming cupboards to TMZ a day before the temporary restraining order (TRO) was filed. Vasquez also pointed out that TMZ had been alerted of the alleged abuse and the upcoming divorce in 2016, where Ms. Heard in her deposition mentioned that TMZ had been alerted. On May 24, 2022 TMZ, through EHM Productions Inc, filed an Emergency Motion[57]to prevent a former employee from testifying in the Depp-Heard case. The motion was denied.

False news[edit]

John F. Kennedy[edit]

In whatThe Smoking Guncalled "a colossal screw-up", in 2009 TMZ published an "exclusive" picture on their website of a man purported to beJohn F. Kennedyon a ship with several naked women that could have "changed history" had it come out during his presidential campaign.[58]Despite having aPhotoshopexpert proclaiming the picture as "authentic", the picture was later discovered to have not been of Kennedy at all. The photo was discovered to have been part of aPlayboyphotoshoot from November 1967, which was later confirmed byPlayboyrepresentatives.[59][60]

Lil Wayne[edit]

On March 15, 2013, members of TMZ's staff claimed that they had learned rapperLil Waynewas in an "unstable" condition after he was hospitalized following a seizure and that the then 30-year-old rapper had been placed in an induced coma and was breathing through tubes.[61][62]Soon afterwards,Birdmanstated on his Twitter account that Wayne was healthy enough to be released from the hospital.[62]Approximately one hour after these messages were made, Wayne himself stated on his Twitter account that he was fine.[62]

Jerry Lee Lewis[edit]

On October 26, 2022, TMZ incorrectly reported thatrock n' rollpioneer andcountry musiclegendJerry Lee Lewishad died; they issued a correction a few hours later.[63]ACBSaffiliate in Sacramento also reported thefalse news.[64]Lewis' death was announced two days later.[65]

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Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

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