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TV Rain

Coordinates:52°23′02.4″N4°53′30.1″E/ 52.384000°N 4.891694°E/52.384000; 4.891694
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TV Rain
Дождь
TypeNews,current affairs
Broadcast areaGlobal (via YouTube)
Headquarters
Programming
Language(s)
Picture format
Ownership
OwnerTVR Studios B.V.
Key people
History
Founded21 April 2008;16 years ago(2008-04-21)[1]
Launched27 April 2010;14 years ago(2010-04-27)[2]
FounderNatalya Sindeyeva
Links
WebcastLive stream
Websitetvrain.tvEdit this at Wikidata

TV Rain(Russian:Дождь,romanized:Dozhd,IPA:[ˈdoʂtʲ]ⓘ;stylized as ДО///ДЬ) is an independent Russian-language television channel. Launched inRussiain 2010, it has been based in theNetherlandssince 2023.[3]It focuses on news, discussions, culture, politics, business reports, and documentaries. TV Rain is owned by journalistNatalya Sindeyeva.Its slogan is "Optimistic Channel."[4]

In March 2022, Russian authorities blocked access to TV Rain in response to its coverage of theRussian invasion of Ukraine.The channel relaunched from studios inLatviain July,[5]but after multiple violations had its license cancelled in December. TV Rain continued to broadcast viaYouTubeand received aDutchbroadcast license in January 2023.[6][7]

History

[edit]

Early years

[edit]
TV Rain news room hosting the channel founderNatalya Sindeyevaduring a visit by then-President of Russia,Dmitry Medvedevin 2011

TV Rain was founded in 2010 by two women,Natalya Sindeyeva,media entrepreneur and owner, andVera Krichevskaya,a TV and documentary film director.[8]It has focused on news, discussions, culture, politics, business reports, and documentaries.[9]Most TV Rain shows have been live broadcasts with a motto to "talk about important things with those who are important to us".[10][11]

TV Rain was one of the first channels in Russia to cover the2011 Russian protestsagainst the alleged rigging of theparliamentary elections.[10]PresidentDmitry Medvedevwas also noticed to have unfollowed TV Rain onTwitter.However, the channel was the first mass media outlet that he had chosen to follow on Twitter, according to anRIA Novostireport.[12]On 9 December 2011, TV Rain was asked to provide copies of its coverage of the protests to check if it had abided by Russian media laws.[12]By 10 December, it was showing awhite ribbon,a symbol of the protests, by its on-screen logo. The station's owner, Sindeyeva, explained this as being a sign of "sincerity", rather than "propaganda", and an attempt to be "mediators" instead of simply journalists.[10]

Siege of Leningrad controversy

[edit]
Vladimir Milovgives an interview to TV Rain at the site of theassassinationofBoris Nemtsovin 2015

On 26 January 2014, TV Rain ran a poll on its website and on its live "Dilettantes" discussion program asking viewers ifLeningradshould have been surrendered to the invading Nazi army in order to save hundreds of thousands of lives during thesiege of Leningrad.Presenters citedViktor Astafyevand compared it with the1812 capture of vacant Moscow.Within 30 minutes, TV Rain removed the poll and apologized for incorrect wording. In the following days the channel was criticized by politicians, activists,State Dumamembers andValentina Matvienko[13][14]for its online poll on theLeningrad siegeofWorld War II.Dmitry Peskov,Vladimir Putin's press secretary, also criticized the channel[15]and said that they violated "more than a law".[16]Yuri Pripachkin, President of the Cable Television Association of Russia (AKTR), said that he wanted "to take functions of censoring".[17]In a resolution backed by theSt. Petersburg legislature's deputies,Prosecutor GeneralYury Chaikawas requested to "conduct an investigation into provocative material posted on [Dozhd] website… and, if just cause is found, take appropriate measures, including shutting down the channel."[18]On 29 January, the largest Russian TV providers disconnected the channel.[14]TV Rain was forced to move to a private apartment in October 2014.[19]In November 2013, two months before the controversy, TV Rain broadcast a report by anti-corruption activistAlexei Navalnyinvestigating high-ranking officials includingVyacheslav Volodin.[20]The channel's owner,Natalya Sindeyeva,suggested that the program caused the campaign against the channel.[21]

Foreign agent designation and suspension

[edit]

On 20 August 2021, theMinistry of Justice of the Russian Federationadded TV Rain, along with the investigative website Important Stories (iStories), into thelist of "foreign agents".[22][23]As stated by a representative of theMinistry of Justice of the Russian Federationat the meeting with the members ofPresidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights,the channel was designated as "foreign agent" by the request ofFederal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Mediadue to distribution of materials prepared by media and individuals which were declared "foreign agents" that receive donations or funding from outside Russia earlier, such asMeduza,Current Time TV,Lev Ponomaryov,Lyudmila Savitskaya.[24]In response,Amnesty Internationalcriticized the move, stating that the authorities were "launching a campaign against independent media aimed at eradicating unbiased journalism and investigative reporting".[25]

The Moscow Timesreported that during the year-longprelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine,the Russian government began to act against independent and critical media. In that period dozens of journalists and independent media agencies including TV Rain were designated as 'foreign agents' by the Russian authorities. The term foreign agent has Soviet-era undertones. Entities that are designated as foreign agents are obligated to disclose their sources of funding and have to label their publications including social media posts with the tag foreign agent. Violation of the obligation attracts fines.[26]

In 2021, a full-lengthdocumentary filmtitledF@ck This Jobwas released. It was written and directed byVera Krichevskaya[ru],one of the founders of TV Rain. The film deals with work of the channel and its CEONatalya Sindeyeva.[27]The documentary was broadcast under its alternative title,Tango with Putinin the UK in March 2022 as part of the BBC documentary series,Storyville.[28]The documentary had been due to receive its Moscow premiere and Russian distribution in early March 2022, which were cancelled due to bomb threats against the Moscow cinema, and new censorship rules following theRussian invasion of Ukraine.[29]

On 24 February 2022, Russia launched afull-scale military invasionofUkraine.On 1 March 2022, six days after the invasion began, the office of theProsecutor-General of Russiaordered the country's censor,Roskomnadzor(arm of Russian government) torestrict accessto TV Rain as well asEcho of Moscowdue to theircoverage of the invasionof Ukraine by Russian forces,[30]claiming that they were spreading "deliberately false information about the actions of Russian military personnel" as well as "information calling for extremist activity" and "violence".[26]On 2 March, TV Rain editor-in-chiefTikhon Dzyadkoreleased a statement saying he and several other TV Rain workers had fled Russia, as "it became obvious that the personal safety of some of us is now under threat."[31]On 3 March, TV Rain said it was temporarily suspending operations due to the forthcoming enactment ofwar censorship law,[32]and towards the end of its final broadcast, the crew walked off-set and playedSwan Lakein protest, in reference to the1991 Soviet coup d'état attemptwhen channels could not report the news and instead played footage of the ballet.[33]

Exile and ban in Latvia and Russia

[edit]

On 6 June 2022,Latvia's media regulator, theNational Electronic Mass Media Council[lv](NEPLP), issued a broadcasting license to the channel.[34][35]Tikhon Dzyadko stated onTwitterthat the channel was going to broadcast not only from the Latvian capital,Riga,but also from several studios in the Netherlands, France and Georgia.[36][37]According to Lyngsat.com, the channel reappeared on 2 June 2022 in a test format on the satelliteAstra 5Band on its streaming website.[38]On 18 July 2022, TV Rain resumed broadcasting from a studio in Riga. The channel's owner, Natalia Sindeeva, stated that the launch process would have several stages and would be finalized in autumn 2022.[39][40]

On 1 December 2022, anchor Alexey Korostelev asked viewers to provide information aboutmobilizationto publicize irregularities, saying: "We hope that we can help many service members, for example, with equipment and basic amenities at the front". The channel was criticized by Ukrainian activists over the statement, and Latvian Minister of DefenceArtis Pabrikscalled on the channel to return to Russia.[41]The next day, editor-in-chiefTikhon Dzyadkoapologized, clarifying that the channel "has never been, is not, and will never be involved in assisting Russian armed forces with equipment" and stating that Korostelev had been fired. Three other employees, including hosts Margarita Lyutova and Vladimir Romensky, announced their departure from the channel over the firing.[42][43]The same day the channel was fined 10,000 euros by the NEPLP for using a map which showed Russian-annexed Crimea as part of Russia and referring to theRussian Armed Forcesas "our army", the second major violation for TV Rain in recent months, according to the Latvian regulator.[44][45]

On 6 December 2022, the NEPLP decided to cancel the channel's broadcasting license, citing "threats to national security and public order".[46][47][48]Latvia'sState Security Servicealso urged authorities to bar Korostelev from entering the country[49]and warned Dzyadko of potential "criminal liability in case of committing criminal offenses".[50]Latvian Minister of Foreign AffairsEdgars Rinkēvičsdefended the decision to initially allow TV Rain to operate in Latvia, but reminded that the channel has to comply with Latvian laws on the basis of which it was allowed to work there and therefore should be held responsible.[51]Tikhon Dzyadko called the Latvian regulator's decision to cancel the channel's licence a "farce", "absurd" and "devoid of common sense", claiming that TV Rain was not allowed to appeal the decision, and affirmed the channel's staunch opposition to the war in Ukraine.[52]CEONatalya Sindeyevaapologized to Korostelev, calling it "disgraceful" that he was fired for a "mistake", asking him to rejoin the channel as well as Lyutova and Romensky.[53]

Reporters Without Borderscalled on the Latvian regulator not to withdraw TV Rain's license.[54]The Latvian Association of Journalists acknowledged TV Rain had "made a serious mistake", but believed the cancellation of licence was "disproportionate to the infringements committed".[55]Russian-language news outletMeduza,also based in Latvia, called the decision "unfair, wrong, and disproportionate to the official violations flagged by the agency" and called it "an incredible gift to the Russian authorities".[56]Kremlin spokesmanDmitry Peskovsaid to reporters that "some always think that there is a place better than home, that there is always more freedom than at home. This is one of the clearest examples that shows that these are the wrong illusions".[57]

In December 2022, Latvia's TV3 Group decided to evict TV Rain from its leased Riga studio in January 2023 in connection with channel's loss of license.[58][59]However, the Latvian Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs decided not to cancel employment visas issued to TV Rain employees.[60]On 5 January 2023, the channel paid the 10,000 euro fine imposed by NEPLP, but appealed against the 4,000 euro fine that was imposed for not providing a language track in Latvian.[61]

Location of the channel's office inHaarlemmerbuurt (Amsterdam)

On 9 January, Dzyadko announced that the channel had received a broadcasting license in the Netherlands.[62]The next day, the channel wrote that its editorial center would be moved to Amsterdam once its employees receive permission to work there and that it was appealing the NEPLP's decision to cancel its broadcasting license.[63]

On 25 July, the Russian government branded the channel an "undesirable"organization and banned it from operating in Russia; the country's prosecutor's office accused TV Rain of distributing materials from “undesirable”, “extremist”, and “terrorist organizations”, as well as “foreign agents” such as Russian-language news websiteMeduza.The office also said the companies “discredit” Russian government bodies and law enforcement agencies, “disseminate false information”about thewar in Ukraine,and support foreign agents.[64]

Funding

[edit]

Initially, TV Rain was planned as a niche television channel.[65]Natalia Sindeeva invested her own money that she gained from the sale of a country house, to start the channel.[66]Later, her husband, Russian bankerAlexander Ivanovich Vinokurov[ru],joined her as a co-investor. According to Forbes, by 2013, Vinokurov spent at least 15% of his 200 million dollars wealth on the channel.[2]Although TV Rain became popular, Vinokurov mentioned that, in fact, it was unprofitable during its first years of broadcasting. As a result, in autumn 2011, Sindeeva and Vinokurov started looking for sponsors.Mikhail ProkhorovandAlisher Usmanovconsidered investing money in the channel, but eventually neither deal was finalized.[2]As of 2013, advertising constituted about 80% of TV Rain's revenue. In the same year, the channel introduced apaid subscription:the cost of an annual subscription was 1,000Russian rubles,access to live broadcast for one day or to one program in the channel's webarchive was available for 30 rubles.[2][67]

In 2014, after the siege of Leningrad controversy, TV Rain was disconnected from Russian cable television. Consequently, the channel lost most of its audience andadvertising revenue.While TV Rain's monthly budget was about 26 million rubles at the time, advertising brought only 6 million rubles a month. Trying to compensate the losses, the channel raised the price of an annual subscription from 1,000 to 4,800 rubles. In addition, TV Rain organized a telemarathon and thus raised funds for two months of operations.[68]In the same year, the channel signed an advertising contract with theEuropean Union.According to TV Rain's financial report, in 2014–2019, the contract generated from three (2014) up to 11 (2016) million rubles a year.[69]In 2015,Boris Zimin'sSreda Foundation invested 7.5 million rubles to support the channel.[70]In 2020, TV Rain's revenue was about 342.3 million rubles, and its net profit was 13.6 million rubles. As of 2021, the channel received income from advertising, paid subscriptions, donations, andsales of promotional goodsin its online store.[71]

Awards

[edit]
CEONatalya Sindeyevaduring the 2013Runet Prizeceremony

TV Rain received the following awards:

The channel's journalists also receivedRedkollegiaaward six times.[77][78][79][80][81][82]TV Rain's former editor-in-chiefMikhail Zygarwas a recipient of theCPJ International Press Freedom Award.

International availability

[edit]

TV Rain website provides live broadcasting and archived programs.[83]The channel is also broadcast on YouTube.[84]

In January 2017, TV Rain was forced by theNational Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine[uk]to stop broadcasting in the country.[85]It was shut down because channel content impliedCrimeawas Russian territory.[85]According to the channel's owner Natalya Sindeyeva, Russian law requires that media use maps that show Crimea as a part of Russia.[85]Sinceits annexation by the Russian Federation,the status of Crimea isunder dispute;Ukraine and the majority of the international community considers Crimea an integral part of Ukraine, while Russia considers Crimea an integral part of Russia.[86]Ukraine has since moved to banRTVIfor similar reasons.[87]

Programming and staff

[edit]
Key people
Current programs
(Moscow Time)
  • Here and Now(daily news at 15:00 and 20:00) – Eduard Burmistrov,Tikhon Dzyadko,Denis Kataev,Ekaterina Kotrikadze,Nadezhda Metalnikova,Anna Mongait,Valeria Ratnikova.
  • Morning on TV Rain(weekdays at 9:00) – Eduard Burmistrov, Tikhon Dzyadko, Denis Kataev, Ekaterina Kotrikadze, Nadezhda Metalnikova, Anna Mongait, Valeria Ratnikova.
  • Kotrikadze of Foreign Affairs(Tuesdays at 18:00) – Ekaterina Kotrikadze.
  • Nuances(Thursdays) –Yuliya Taratuta[ru].
  • And so on...(Fridays at 20:00) –Mikhail Fishman.
  • How Everything Went Wrong–Mikhail Kozyrev[ru].
  • Memory Serves Well– Anna Nemzer.
  • Women on Top– Anna Mongait.
  • Report– Nigina Beroeva, Alina Didkovskaya,Ekaterina Fomina[ru],Konstantin Goldenzweig[d],Valeria Kirsanova, Polina Milushkova, Michael Polenov, Valeria Ratnikova, Mikhail Shevelev, Aleksandra Shvedchenko.
Former programs

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^abcdЖохова, Анастасия; Тофанюк, Елена (24 June 2013)."На какие деньги создан телеканал" Дождь "и почему он так и не стал бизнесом".Forbes Russia(in Russian).Archivedfrom the original on 11 August 2021.Retrieved12 August2021.
  3. ^Gessen, Masha(6 March 2023)."How Russian Journalists in Exile Are Covering the War in Ukraine".The New Yorker.
  4. ^Balmforth, Tom (5 February 2014)."Russia's 'Optimistic Channel' Fighting For Survival".Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.Moscow.Retrieved14 June2022.
  5. ^"Russian independent TV Rain relaunches from abroad".Reuters. 18 July 2022.Retrieved18 July2022.
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  10. ^abcEnnis, Stephen (10 December 2011)."Analysis: Russian TV grapples with protests".BBC News.Archivedfrom the original on 1 October 2021.Retrieved19 February2021.
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52°23′02.4″N4°53′30.1″E/ 52.384000°N 4.891694°E/52.384000; 4.891694

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