Tawau District
Tawau District
Daerah Tawau | |
|---|---|
 Tawau Municipal Council office. | |
 Seal | |
 | |
| Coordinates:4°14′33.4″N117°53′33.16″E/ 4.242611°N 117.8925444°E | |
| Country |  Malaysia |
| State |  Sabah |
| Division | Tawau |
| Capital | Tawau |
| Government | |
| • District Officer | Amrullah Kamal |
| Area | |
| • Total | 6,125 km2(2,365 sq mi) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 397,673 |
| Website | mpt |
TheTawau District(Malay:Daerah Tawau) is anadministrative districtin theMalaysianstate ofSabah,part of theTawau Divisionwhich also includes the districts ofKunak,Lahad Datu,Sempornaand Tawau. The capital of the district is inTawau Town.The district also includes the northern half ofSebatik Island,which is shared with Indonesia'sNorth Kalimantanprovince.
History
[edit]The administration of Tawau changed several times in the course of its history. From 1890, the administration managed by theNorth Borneo Chartered Company,which put this task alternately in the hands of various residents, district officers or candidates for the office of the district officers. During theJapanese occupation,the administration was carried out by Japanese military personnel. The pre-war administration system was continued after the end ofWorld War II.The post-war administration of the city was from 1948 to 1955 by the provisions of the Reconstruction and Development Plan, drafted by the Development Officer of the Government, E. W. Ellison who was closely tied to theBritish colonial government.[1]Only in 1955 did the city regain full control over its finances and administration of its public office with the founding of the Tawau Town Board. Even after the formation of Malaysia in 1963, the modern state of Sabah continued to use residents and district officers until 1981.[2]On 1 January 1982, the Tawau Town Board and the Tawau Rural District Council was merged to become the Tawau Municipal Council.[3]In March 1983, Tawau was administratively divided into four areas: urban area (5,918 hectares), suburbs (4,783 hectares), surrounding countryside (591,384 hectares) and sea area (26,592 hectares).[4]
Demographics
[edit]Tawau district is the second largest of Sabah's 25 districts, with 397,673 inhabitants afterKota Kinabalu.[5].Tawau consists ofBugis,Tidung,Murut,Chinese,Lun Bawang/Lundayeh,Kadazandusun,Bajau,some ofIndonesiansandPhilippines.
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Tawau (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 34.4 (93.9) |
35.1 (95.2) |
35.5 (95.9) |
35.2 (95.4) |
35.2 (95.4) |
34.4 (93.9) |
33.6 (92.5) |
33.9 (93.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
34.5 (94.1) |
34.8 (94.6) |
35.4 (95.7) |
35.5 (95.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.1 (88.0) |
31.5 (88.7) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.9 (89.4) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.4 (88.5) |
31.1 (88.0) |
31.2 (88.2) |
31.5 (88.7) |
31.7 (89.1) |
31.7 (89.1) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.5 (88.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.4 (79.5) |
26.6 (79.9) |
26.9 (80.4) |
27.2 (81.0) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.9 (80.4) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.9 (80.4) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.6 (79.9) |
26.8 (80.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.1 (73.6) |
23.1 (73.6) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.5 (74.3) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.4 (74.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 18.2 (64.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
20.2 (68.4) |
21.8 (71.2) |
20.6 (69.1) |
20.9 (69.6) |
21.0 (69.8) |
21.0 (69.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
19.9 (67.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
18.2 (64.8) |
18.2 (64.8) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 143.2 (5.64) |
106.0 (4.17) |
126.6 (4.98) |
123.4 (4.86) |
164.0 (6.46) |
174.9 (6.89) |
192.1 (7.56) |
209.6 (8.25) |
135.4 (5.33) |
169.8 (6.69) |
172.1 (6.78) |
213.5 (8.41) |
1,930.6 (76.01) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.3 | 9.0 | 10.3 | 9.4 | 11.5 | 12.4 | 12.5 | 11.4 | 10.4 | 12.7 | 13.2 | 14.8 | 138.9 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 182.5 | 183.8 | 216.5 | 222.6 | 231.1 | 191.6 | 216.2 | 218.9 | 198.3 | 198.1 | 193.3 | 194.0 | 2,446.9 |
| Source 1:World Meteorological Organization[6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA[7] | |||||||||||||
Gallery
[edit]-
-
St. Patrick Anglican Church. -
Tawau Basel Church. -
Holy Trinity Catholic Church. -
Holy Grace Methodist Church. -
Pu Zhao Temple. -
Gurdwara Sahib Tawau. -
Thirumurugan Temple. -
Tukok Hill Estate. -
Tawau town centre.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^Goodlet 2010,pp. 133.
- ^Goodlet 2010,pp. 3.
- ^"State of Sabah [Enactment No. 37]"(PDF).Sabah State Attorney's General Chambers. 1981. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 8 November 2017.Retrieved8 November2017.
- ^Goodlet 2010,pp. 249.
- ^"Population by ethnic group, Local Authority area and state, Malaysia"(PDF).Department of Statistics, Malaysia. 2010. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 27 February 2012.Retrieved5 November2017.
- ^"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020".World Meteorological Organization.Retrieved19 October2023.
- ^"Tawau Climate Normals 1961–1990".National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.Retrieved24 March2015.
Literature
[edit]- Goodlet, Ken (2010).Tawau: The Making of a Tropical Community.Opus Publications.ISBN978-983-3987-38-2.
Further reading
[edit]- Treacher, W. H (1891)."British Borneo: sketches of Brunai, Sarawak, Labuan, and North Borneo".University of California Libraries.Singapore, Govt. print. dept. p. 190.
- Rutter, Owen (1922)."British North Borneo - An Account of its History, Resources and Native Tribes".Cornell University Libraries.Constable & Company Ltd, London. p. 157.
- Tregonning, K. G. (1965).A History Of Modern Sabah (North Borneo 1881–1963).University of Malaya Press.
External links
[edit]
Media related toTawau Districtat Wikimedia Commons
- (in Malay)Tawau Municipal Council
Capital:Kota Kinabalu | |||||||||||
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