Timeline of Tripoli

The following is atimelineof thehistoryof thecityofTripoli, Libya.

Prior to 19th century

7th C. BCE
- Tripoli was founded byPhoenicians^[1]
- Cyrenaica(eastern coastal region of Libya) colonized by the Greeks
2nd C. BCE - Romans in power.
163 CE -Roman Triumphal Archbuilt (approximate date).^[2]
533- Successful recovered by Byzantines of Egypt
643 - Rashidun caliphate subdued Tripoli.^[3]
1140 - Normans in power inTripolitania.^[2]
1149 - Tripoli pillaged by theNormans of Sicily.^[4]
1401 - Tripoli was reconquered by the Tunisians.^[4]
1510 - 25 July: Spanish forcescaptured the city;^[4]it remained underSpanish rulefor the next two decades.^[5]
1530 - Tripoli granted to theKnights Hospitaller;it remained undertheir rulefor the next two decades.^[2]^[4]
1551 - August: Citybesiegedby Ottoman forces led bySinan Pasha,Turgut Reis,and Murad Agha.^[5]
1556 - Cathedral mosque built.^[5]
1559 - St. Peter fortress built.^[5]
1604 - Iskandar Pasha hammam built.^[5]
1610 - Jama'a al-Naqa'a (mosque of the camel) restored.^[5]
1654 - Uthman Pasha Madrasa built.^[6]
1670 - Sidi Salem (building) restored.^[5]
1671 -Darghouth Turkish Bathestablished.^{[citation needed]}
1675 - Conflict betweenBarbary corsairsand British naval forces.^[7]
1680 - Mosque of Mahmud Khaznadar built.^[5]^[6]
1699 - Mosque of Muhammad Pasha built.^[6]
1711 -Ahmed Karamanliin power.^[4]
1736 - Ahmad Pasha al-Qarahmanli mosque built.^[6]

19th century

1801 -First Barbary Warbegins.
1804 -Second Battle of Tripoli Harbor.^[4]
1815 -Second Barbary War.^[4]
1823 - Population: 15,000.^[8]
1825 - August:Battle of Tripoli.
1834 -Gurgi Mosquebuilt.^[6]
1835 - Ottomans in power.^[5]^[4]
1846 - Santa Maria degli Angeli church built.^[2]
1858 - Arab demonstrations.^[5]
1859 - Technical school established.^[5]
1860 - Bab el-Jedid (gate) opens.^[2]
1870 - Torre dell'Orologio built.^[2]
1879 - Primary schools open.^[5]
1882 - Population: 25,000.^[5]
1883 - Royal Italian School opens.^[5]

20th century

1911
- Italo-Turkish War
- Population: 29,869.^[5]
1919 -Archaeological Museumestablished in theRed Castle
1924 - Lungomare Conte Volpi constructed.^[9]
1925
- Tripoli Grand Prixbegins.
- Grand Hotel built.^[9]
1927 -Tripoli International Fairbegins.
1928 -Tripoli Cathedral,Miramare Theatre,^[10]and Bank of Italy building^[11]constructed.
1929 - Governor's Palace built.^[11]
1935 - Suq al-Mushir reconstructed.^[10]
1937 - March:Mussolinivisits city.^[12]^[13]
1938
- Population: 108,240.
- Italian military airfield built.
1939 -7 October Stadiumbuilt.
1943
- Allied forces in power; British occupation begins.
- British military airportCastel Benitoin operation.
1944
- Al-Ittihad Sport, Cultural and Social Clubformed.
- United States military base built at Wheelus Field.^[14]
1950
- Al-Ahly Sports Clubformed.
- Corriere del Lunedifounded.
1951 - City becomes capital ofUnited Libyan Kingdom.
1953 -Almadina Sporting Clubformed.
1964 - Population: 213,506.^[15]
1973
- University of Tripoliestablished.
- Population: 551,477.^[16]
1975 -Misurata-Tripolihighwayconstructed.^[17]
1978
- Libyan Studies Centeropens.
- Tripoli International Airportrenovated.
1982
- June 11 Stadiumopens.
- Grand Hotel Tripolibuilt.^[6]
1986 - 15 April -Aerial bombingby United States forces.
1990 -That El Emad Towersbuilt.
2000 -GMR Stadiumopens.

21st century

2011
- 17–25 February:Tripoli protests and clashes.
- 20–28 August:Battle of Tripoli.
- 11 October:Tripoli International Airportre-opens.
- 14 October:Tripoli clashes.
- Population: 1,127,000.^[18]
2012 -General National Congressbegins meeting in Ghabat Al Nasr Convention Centre.^{[citation needed]}
2020 - Since January 6, 2020, GNA started entering the town, recapturing it from LNA.

References

^Birley, Anthony R. (2002-06-01).Septimius Severus: The African Emperor.Routledge.ISBN 978-1-134-70746-1.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^fBaedeker 1911.
^Khalid, Mahmud (2020)."Libya in the shadows of Islam.. How did Amr ibn al-Aas and his companions conquer Cyrenaica and Tripoli?".aljazeera(in Arabic). p. Ibn Abd al-Hakam: al-Maqrib, pp. 198, 199.Retrieved5 December2021.Ibn Abd al-Hakam: al-Maqrib, pp. 198, 199
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^hBritannica 1910.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^oMicara 2008.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f"Tripoli".ArchNet.Archived fromthe originalon 5 May 2008.Retrieved26 January2013.
^Henry Teonge(1825),The diary of Henry Teonge, chaplain on board His Majesty's ships Assistance, Bristol, and Royal Oak, anno 1675 to 1679,London: Charles Knight
^Morse 1823.
^^a ^bBrian L. McLaren (2006),Architecture And Tourism in Italian Colonial Libya,University of Washington Press,ISBN 9780295985428,OL 10315132M,0295985429
^^a ^bHenneberg 1994.
^^a ^bMia Fuller (2007),Moderns abroad: architecture, cities, and Italian imperialism,London: Routledge,ISBN 9780415194631,0415194636
^Il Duce in Libia(in Italian). 1938.
^Charles Burdett (2007),Journeys Through Fascism: Italian Travel-Writing between the Wars,Berghahn Books,ISBN 9781571815408,OL 12202623M,1571815406
^Harrison 1967.
^"Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants".Demographic Yearbook 1965.New York:Statistical Office of the United Nations.1966.
^United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division (1997)."Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants".1995 Demographic Yearbook.New York. pp. 262–321.{{cite book}}:|author=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Sweco;Nordic Consulting Group (2003),Review of the Implementation Status of the Trans African Highways and the Missing Links(PDF),vol. 2: Description of Corridors,African Development BankandUnited Nations Economic Commission for Africa
^The State of African Cities 2014.United Nations Human Settlements Programme.2015-09-10.ISBN 978-92-1-132598-0.Archived fromthe originalon 2014-09-10.

This article incorporates information from theItalian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in 19th century

Ali Bey(1816),"Chapter 22 (Tripoli)",Travels of Ali Bey in Morocco, Tripoli, Cyprus, Egypt, Arabia, Syria, and Turkey, Between the Years 1803 and 1807,Philadelphia: John Conrad,OCLC 754174
Richard Tully (1819),Letters Written During a Ten Years' Residence at the Court of Tripoli(3rd ed.), London: H. Colburn.v.1
Jedidiah Morse;Richard C. Morse (1823),"Tripoli",A New Universal Gazetteer(4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse,OL 7216242M
Josiah Conder(1830),"Tripoli",The Modern Traveller,London: J.Duncan
R. Lambert Playfair(1889),Bibliography of the Barbary States, Part 1: Tripoli and the Cyrenaica,London,OCLC 12038289,OL 14046206M{{citation}}:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
R. Lambert Playfair (1892),"Tripoli",Handbook to the Mediterranean(3rd ed.), London: John Murray
Leo Africanus;John Pory(1896),"Tripolis in Barbarie",inRobert Brown(ed.),History and Description of Africa,vol. 3, London:Hakluyt Society,OCLC 2649691

Published in 20th century

"Tripoli".Guide to the Western Mediterranean.London: Macmillan and Co. 1906.
Keane, Augustus Henry;Cana, Frank Richardson (1910)."Tripoli (North Africa)".Encyclopædia Britannica.Vol. 27 (11th ed.). pp. 288–291.
"Tripoli",The Mediterranean,Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911,OCLC 490068
Charles Wellington Furlong(1914),Gateway to the Sahara: Observations and Experiences in Tripoli(2nd ed.), New York: C. Scribner's Sons,OCLC 4904661,OL 6569158M
"Tripoli".Encyclopaedia of Islam.E.J. Brill. 1936. p. 814+.via Google Books
Robert S. Harrison (1967). "Migrants in the City of Tripoli, Libya".Geographical Review.57.
Ward, Philip. 1969. Tripoli: Portrait of a City. Cambridge, England: The Oleander Press,
Warfelli, Muhammad. 1976. The Old City of Tripoli. Art and Archaeology Research Papers.
M. Brett (1986). "The City-State in Medieval Ifriqiya: the Case of Tripoli".Les Cahiers de Tunisie.34.
Krystyna von Henneberg (1994). "Tripoli: Piazza Castello and the Making of a Fascist Colonial Capital". In Zeynep Çelik; Diane Favro; Richard Ingersoll (eds.).Streets: Critical Perspectives on Public Space.University of California Press.

Published in 21st century

Paul Tiyambe Zeleza;Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Tripoli, Libya".Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History.Routledge.ISBN 0415234794.
Kevin Shillington,ed. (2005). "Tripoli".Encyclopedia of African History.Fitzroy Dearborn.ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
Ludovico Micara (2008). "Ottoman Tripoli: a Mediterranean Medina".The City in the Islamic World.Leiden: Koninklijke Brill.ISBN 978-9004162402.
Ali Irhuma Abubrig (2016)."Urban Growth and Sustainability in Tripoli, Libya".University Bulletin.18(2). Libya:Al Zawiya University.

External links

"(Tripoli)"– via Qatar National Library,Qatar Digital Library.(Images, etc.)
"(Tripoli)"– viaEuropeana.(Images, etc.)
"(Tripoli)"– viaDigital Public Library of America.(Images, etc.)
"(Tripoli)".Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa.Germany:Frankfurt University Library.15 January 2019.(Bibliography)
"(Tripoli)".Connecting-Africa.Leiden, Netherlands:African Studies Centre.(Bibliography)
"(Tripoli)".AfricaBib.org.(Bibliography)
"Tripoli, Libya".BlackPast.org.USA. 3 September 2014.

[1] Birley, Anthony R. (2002-06-01).Septimius Severus: The African Emperor.Routledge.ISBN 978-1-134-70746-1.

[FOOTNOTEBaedeker1911-2] Baedeker 1911.

[Ibn_Abd_al_Hakam-3] Khalid, Mahmud (2020)."Libya in the shadows of Islam.. How did Amr ibn al-Aas and his companions conquer Cyrenaica and Tripoli?".aljazeera(in Arabic). p. Ibn Abd al-Hakam: al-Maqrib, pp. 198, 199.Retrieved5 December2021.Ibn Abd al-Hakam: al-Maqrib, pp. 198, 199

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-4] ^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^hBritannica 1910.

[FOOTNOTEMicara2008-5] ^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^oMicara 2008.

[ArchNet-6] "Tripoli".ArchNet.Archived fromthe originalon 5 May 2008.Retrieved26 January2013.

[7] Henry Teonge(1825),The diary of Henry Teonge, chaplain on board His Majesty's ships Assistance, Bristol, and Royal Oak, anno 1675 to 1679,London: Charles Knight

[FOOTNOTEMorse1823-8] Morse 1823.

[McLaren2006-9] Brian L. McLaren (2006),Architecture And Tourism in Italian Colonial Libya,University of Washington Press,ISBN 9780295985428,OL 10315132M,0295985429

[FOOTNOTEHenneberg1994-10] Henneberg 1994.

[fuller2007-11] Mia Fuller (2007),Moderns abroad: architecture, cities, and Italian imperialism,London: Routledge,ISBN 9780415194631,0415194636

[12] Il Duce in Libia(in Italian). 1938.

[13] Charles Burdett (2007),Journeys Through Fascism: Italian Travel-Writing between the Wars,Berghahn Books,ISBN 9781571815408,OL 12202623M,1571815406

[FOOTNOTEHarrison1967-14] Harrison 1967.

[15] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants".Demographic Yearbook 1965.New York:Statistical Office of the United Nations.1966.

[16] United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division (1997)."Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants".1995 Demographic Yearbook.New York. pp. 262–321.{{cite book}}:|author=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[AFDB2003-17] Sweco;Nordic Consulting Group (2003),Review of the Implementation Status of the Trans African Highways and the Missing Links(PDF),vol. 2: Description of Corridors,African Development BankandUnited Nations Economic Commission for Africa

[unhabitat2014-18] The State of African Cities 2014.United Nations Human Settlements Programme.2015-09-10.ISBN 978-92-1-132598-0.Archived fromthe originalon 2014-09-10.

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v t e Timelines of cities in Africa
North	Algeria Algiers Batna[fr] Oran Egypt Alexandria Cairo Port Said Libya Benghazi Tripoli Morocco Casablanca Fez Marrakesh Meknes Rabat Salé[fr] Tangier Sudan Khartoum Tunisia Tunis
West	Benin Cotonou Burkina Faso Ouagadougou Cape Verde Praia Ghana Accra Guinea Conakry Guinea-Bissau Bissau Ivory Coast Abidjan Liberia Monrovia Mali Bamako Mauritania Nouakchott Niger Niamey Nigeria Ibadan Kano Lagos Port Harcourt Senegal Dakar Saint-Louis Sierra Leone Freetown Togo Lomé
Central	Cameroon Douala Yaoundé Central African Republic Bangui Congo Republic Brazzaville DR Congo Bukavu Goma Kinshasa Kisangani Lubumbashi Gabon Libreville
East	Burundi Bujumbura Djibouti Djibouti Eritrea Asmara Ethiopia Addis Ababa Mekelle Kenya Mombasa Nairobi Rwanda Kigali Tanzania Dar es Salaam Zanzibar Uganda Kampala
South	Angola Benguela Luanda Botswana Gaborone Madagascar Antananarivo Malawi Lilongwe Mauritius Port Louis Mozambique Beira Maputo Namibia Windhoek South Africa Cape Town Durban Johannesburg Pietermaritzburg Port Elizabeth Pretoria Zambia Lusaka Zimbabwe Bulawayo Harare
Category:City timelines Lists of cities in Africa

Prior to 19th century

19th century

20th century

21st century

See also

References

Bibliography

External links