1 January: The law "On the foundations of national resistance" came into force in Ukraine. It established a number of measures dealing with civilian mobilization and resistance in the case of external aggression. The leading role of the movement would be carried out by the commander of theSpecial Operations Forces.[1]A Ukrainian soldier, injured on 27 December 2021, died of wounds at a military hospital inKharkiv.[2]
8 January: TheUkrainian Joint Forcespress center reported six pro-Russian violations of the ceasefire, one of them an unauthorized drone flight over Ukrainian positions. One Ukrainian soldier was wounded in action. In the eastern area of operations,Piskybecame the target of73 mm anti-tank recoilless riflesand82 mm mortars.Novomykhailivkawas hit by heavy machine gun fire, automatic grenade launchers and 82 mm mortars. Ukrainian troops atBohdanivkawere harassed with small arms fire. In the northern front, Ukrainian redoubts atStanytsia Luhanskawere hit byVOG-17grenades fired from a pro-Russian drone. Small arms fire was reported atKrymske.[3][4]
10 January: The Ukrainian Joint Forces press center recorded two pro-Russian attacks on their positions, both of them in the area of Pisky, in the eastern front. Two Ukrainian servicemen died after the explosion of landmines while on a mission within the buffer zone. Pisky received fire from small arms, heavy machine guns and 73 mm anti-tank recoilless rifles.[5][6]
11 January: One Ukrainian soldier was killed while fighting pro-Russian forces.[7]A single pro-Russian attack on Ukrainian troops was reported by the press center of the Ukrainian Joint Forces, when Ukrainian redoubts atNovotoshkivke,in the northern area of operations, were hit by small arms and heavy machine gun fire.[8]
12 January: The press center of the Ukrainian Joint Forces recorded three pro-Russian violations of the truce; one Ukrainian soldier was wounded in action. In the eastern area of operations,Prychepylivkabecame the target ofanti-tank rocketlaunchers and 73 mm anti-tank recoilless rifles on two occasions. In the northern front, 120 mm mortar volleys landed inNovozvanivka.[9]
22 January: The Ukrainian Joint Forces press center reported four pro-Russian violations of the ceasefire, all of them in the eastern area of operations. One Ukrainian soldier was wounded in action. The village of Maisk was shelled twice with automatic grenade launchers.Vodianebecame the target of anti-tank rocket launchers and 82 mm mortars; later in the day, a pro-Russian drone launched a strike on Ukrainian positions by firing a VOG-17 rocket.[10]
23 January: According to the press center of the Ukrainian Joint Forces, pro-Russian forces launched ten attacks on their positions along the demarcation line. One Ukrainian soldier was wounded in action. In the eastern area of operations, the stronghold of Vodiane was hit by the combined fire of 82 mm and 120 mm mortars, as well as different types of grenades and rockets. In Prichepilivka, Ukrainian positions were pounded by heavy machine gun fire and anti-tank rockets. On the northern front,Novozvanivkawas hit by a 122 mm artillery barrage, while Ukrainian redoubts at Popasna became the target of heavy machine guns, automatic grenade launchers and 120 mm mortars. Ukrainian troops at Katerinivka were harassed with small arms fire and different types of grenades and rockets.[11]
25 January: The press center of the Ukrainian Joint Forces recorded five pro-Russian violations of the truce; two Ukrainian soldiers was wounded in action, one of them seriously. Ukrainian forces returned fire. All the incidents took place in the eastern area of operations. Ukrainian redoubts atPyshchevikwere hit by a drone strike with VOG-17 rockets.Avdiivkareceived fire from heavy machine guns and 73 mm anti-tank recoilless rifles.Marinkawas hit by small arms fire and antitank rockets, while Ukrainian troops atShyrokynewere harassed with small arms and heavy machine gun fire.[12][13]
27 January: The Ukrainian Joint Forces press center reported two pro-Russian violations of the ceasefire. In the eastern area of operations, Ukrainian troops at Marinka were harassed with small arms fire. In the northern front, Ukrainian forces fend off a pro-Russian attempt to infiltrate a special forces group through the demarcation line.[14]
2 February: The press center of the Ukrainian Joint Forces recorded four pro-Russian violations of the truce; a Ukrainian soldier was wounded in action. The incidents took place in the eastern area of operations.[15]A Ukrainian checkpoint atHnutovewas the subject of a drone strike; a VOG-17 grenade exploded beside the outpost.[16]Ukrainian positions atVodianecame under fire from heavy machine guns, anti-tank rocket launchers and 82 mm mortars.Talakivkawas shelled with automatic grenade launchers and anti-tank rocket launchers, while Vodiane was hit by anti-tank rockets.[15]
5 February: The Ukrainian Joint Forces press center reported six pro-Russian violations of the ceasefire; two Ukrainian soldiers were wounded. All the incidents occurred in the eastern area of operations. Pro-Russian forces launched an attack with two drones on the Ukrainian stronghold ofPavlopil;the unmanned aircraft fired four VOG-17 grenades at downtown, hitting a school building. Ukrainian troops at Pyshchevyk received fire from anti-tank rocket launchers, automatic grenade launchers and small arms. The village ofBerezovewas attacked with automatic grenade launchers and small arms; small arms fire was also reported at Pisky.[17]Pro-Russian sources from Donetsk denounced six Ukrainian attacks on their military positions. Ukrainian forces fired different grenade-launcher systems and 120 mm mortars at Novoshyrokivske and Sosnovskoye, in the region of Mariupol, and, in the outskirts of Donetsk city, at Spartak and Donetsk itself. A garage and several civilian vehicles were damaged.[18]
8 February: According to the press center of the Ukrainian Joint Forces, pro-Russian forces launched three attacks on their positions along the demarcation line, two of them in the eastern area of operations.Nevelskebecame the target of a drone strike; the uncrewed aircraft fired a VOG-17 grenade at Ukrainian positions. Pisky was hit by anti-tank rockets. In the northern front, Ukrainian troops atSvitlodarskreceived fire from small arms and anti-tank rocket launchers.[19]
10 February: The Ukrainian Joint Forces press center reported eight pro-Russian violations of the ceasefire. In the eastern area of operations,Taramchukwas hit by three VOG-17 grenades fired by a pro-Russian drone. Pisky, meanwhile, became the target of different grenade-launcher systems. Ukrainian troops at Hranitne were harassed with heavy machine guns, and small arms fire was reported at nearby Vodiane. In the northern front,Zaitsevereceived fire from infantry weapons, automatic grenade launchers and anti-tank rocket launchers. Positions atPopasnawere hit by small arms and heavy machine gun fire.[20]
13 February:OSCEstarted evacuating its staff fromDonetskcity.[21]
15 February: In Moscow, theState Dumaapproved a motion to ask PresidentVladimir Putinthe recognition of the independence of the separatist republics in Ukraine, with 351 positive votes, 16 negatives and one abstention.[22]According to the press center of the Ukrainian Joint Forces, pro-Russian forces launched four attacks on their positions along the demarcation line, all of them in the northern front. The village of Katerynivka was hit by anti-tank guided missiles.Orikhovewas shelled with anti-tank rocket launchers and 120 mm mortars; Stanytsia Luhanska received fire from 82 mm mortars. Lobacheve became the target of anti-tank rockets.[23]Pro-Russian forces returned fire using artillery.[24]
16 February: The main federal investigation agency of Russia, theInvestigative Committee of the Russian Federation,claimed to have seen evidence that "'thousands of Russian-speaking civilians' had been killed by Ukrainian forces in the Donbas region". They accused the Ukrainian military of "using lethal weapons of indiscriminate action designed to eliminate people and infrastructure as effectively as possible." Experts said that the claims were propaganda "to justify [Russia's] increasing military build-up on the Ukraine border."[25]
17 February: The Ukrainian Joint Forces press center reported to the press that pro-Russian forces had broken the ceasefire on 60 occasions, most of them involving the use of heavy artillery and mortars. In the main incidents in the northern front, residential areas of Stanytsia Luhanska were hit by thirty-two 122 mm artillery rounds. Most of the city was left without power, whilea kindergarten was damagedand three civilians were wounded. Novotoshkivke was shelled three times with anti-tank rocket launchers, 120 mm mortars and 122 mm artillery. Pro-Russiantanksopened fire on Ukrainian redoubts at Troitske, supported by 82 mm and 120 mm mortars. Luhansk became the target of 120 mm mortars and 122 mm heavy artillery. In the eastern area of operations, a 152 mm artillery barrage hit Prichepilivka, while antitank guided missiles were fired at Novoselivka. Avdiivka and Nevelske received fire from 120 mm mortars.[26]Russian-backed rebels and Ukrainian forces accused each other of firing across the ceasefire line, "raising alarm at a time when Western countries have warned of the possibility of a Russian invasion any day. The details of the incidents could not be independently confirmed, and the initial reports suggested they were on a similar scale to ceasefire violations that have been common throughout the eight year conflict."Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe(OSCE) monitors had recorded "multiple shelling incidents along the line of contact" and 870 ceasefire violations.[27][28]
18 February: The leader of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic,Denis Pushilin,announced a massive evacuation of civilians to Rostov Oblast, Russia, amid the deteriorating security situation in the region.[29]A similar operation was also announced by the head of the self-styled Luhansk People Republic,Leonid Pasechnik.[30]
19 February: The leaders of the breakaway republics in Donbas declaredgeneral mobilisationand ordered women and children to evacuate to Russia.[31][32]Russian intelligence serviceFSBsaid that two Ukrainian shells landed on Russian territory. Ukrainian military sources said that the pictures of shells were faked and that "mercenaries had arrived in separatist-held eastern Ukraine to stage provocations in collaboration with Russian special forces."[32]The Ukrainian Joint Forces press center reported 136 pro-Russian violations of the ceasefire, 116 of them using weapons banned by the Minsk agreements. Two Ukrainian soldiers were killed by separatist artillery fire and four others were wounded. In the main incidents, in the eastern front, Marinka came under fire four times, being the target of 120 mm mortars and anti-tank guided missiles. Novotroitske was pounded on six different occasions with automatic grenade launchers, 82 mm mortars, 120 mm mortars and 122 mm artillery. Starohnativka was shelled four times with 82 mm mortars, 120 mm mortars, 122 mm and 152 mm artillery. Novohnativka received fire on three occasions from 120 mm mortars and 122 mm artillery. In the northern front, pro-Russian tanks engaged Ukrainian positions around Stanytsia Luhanska four times, supported by 120 mm mortars and 122 mm artillery. Krymske was the subject of five attacks using heavy machine guns, anti-tank rocket launchers, 73 mm anti-tank recoilless rifles, 82 mm mortars, 120 mm mortars and 122 mm artillery. Shchastya was the target, on five occasions, of heavy machine guns, automatic grenade launchers and 82 mm mortars. Zaitseve received fire three times from 120 mm mortars and 152 mm artillery.[33]
20 February: The Ukrainian defense ministry reported a total of 116 ceasefire violations by Russian occupation forces with heavy shelling, including incidents involving weapons banned by theMinsk agreements.Some residents of the separatist-controlled areas told CNN reporters of heavy shelling, its origin unclear. Russian authorities said that 40,000 people were evacuated to Russia, a number CNN was not able to verify independently. AUnited Nations High Commissioner for Refugeesconvoy was caught in crossfire at theShchastiacrossing point for international humanitarian organizations.[34]
21 February: After a formal petition from the breakaway republics, Vladimir Putin signed the State Duma motion recognising the independence of the Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic.[35]Two Ukrainian soldiers were reported killed by shelling in the village ofZaitseve,30 km north of Donetsk.[36]
23 February: Ukraine started drafting reservists aged 18–60 after the president's order.[37]
24 February:Russia invades Ukrainewith bombings and troops crossing borders.[38][39][40]By noon several targets in different locations had been bombed, civilians and military personnel/hardware from both sides were killed and injured.[41]
