Tongren, Qinghai
Tongren
Đồng nhân thị·ཐུང་རིན་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། Rebgong | |
|---|---|
 Tongren from above | |
 Tongren (light red) within Huangnan Prefecture (yellow) and Qinghai | |
  Tongren Location of the seat in Qinghai | |
| Coordinates (Tongren County government):35°30′58″N102°01′06″E/ 35.5161°N 102.0183°E | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Qinghai |
| Autonomous prefecture | Huangnan |
| Municipal seat | Longwu(Rongwo) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 3,275 km2(1,264 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 2,480 m (8,140 ft) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
| • Total | 101,519 |
| • Density | 31/km2(80/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8(China Standard) |
| Postal code | 811399 |
| Area code | 0973 |
| Website | www |
| Tongren, Qinghai | |||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Chinese | Đồng nhân thị | ||||||
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| Tibetan name | |||||||
| Tibetan | ཐུན་རིན་གྲོང་ཁྱེར།orརེབ་གོང་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། | ||||||
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Tongren(Tibetan:ཐུན་རིན་,Wylie:thun rin;Chinese:Đồng nhân;pinyin:Tóngrén), known to Tibetans asRebgong(Tibetan:རེབ་གོང་, རེབ་ཀོང་ or རེབ་སྐོང་)[2]in the historic region ofAmdo,is the capital and second smallest administrative subdivision by area withinHuangnan Tibetan Autonomous PrefectureinQinghai,China. The city has an area of 3465 square kilometers and a population of ~80,000 (2002), 75%Tibetan.The economy of the city includes agriculture andaluminium mining.
The city has a number ofTibetan Buddhisttemples andgompas,including the large and significantRongwo Monasteryof theGelugschool. It is known as a center ofthangkapainting.Regong artswere named on theUNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Listsin 2009.
In October, 2010 there werereports of large demonstrations in Tongren by Tibetan studentswho reportedly shouted the slogans, “equality of ethnic groups” and “freedom of language."[3]
Administrative divisions
[edit]Tongren is made up of 3townsand 8townships:
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie | Administrative division code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | ||||||
| Longwu Town (Rongwo Town) |
Long vụ trấn | Lóngwù Zhèn | རོང་བོ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | rong bo grong rdal | 632301100 | |
| Bao'an Town (Tokya Town) |
Bảo an trấn | Bǎo'ān Zhèn | ཐོ་ཀྱཱ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | tho kyā grong rdal | 632301101 | |
| Dowa Town | Đa oa trấn | Duōwā Zhèn | མདོ་བ་གྲོང་རྡལ། | mdo ba grong rdal | 632301102 | |
| Townships | ||||||
| Lancai Township (Loinqê Township) |
Lan thải hương | Láncǎi Xiāng | བློན་ཆོས་ཞང་། | blon chos zhang | 632301200 | |
| Shuangpengxi Township (Xo'ongjê Township) |
Song bằng tây hương | Shuāngpéngxī Xiāng | ཞོ་འོང་དཔྱེལ་ཞང་། | zho 'ong dpyel zhang | 632301201 | |
| Zainmo Township (Zhamao Township) |
Trát mao hương | Zhāmáo Xiāng | བཙན་མོ་ཞང་། | btsan mo zhang | 632301202 | |
| Hornag Township (Huangnaihai Township) |
Hoàng nãi hợi hương | Huángnǎihài Xiāng | ཧོར་ནག་ཞང་། | hor nag zhang | 632301203 | |
| Qokog Township (Qukuhu Township) |
Khúc khố hồ hương | Qǔkùhū Xiāng | ཆུ་ཁོག་ཞང་། | chu khog zhang | 632301204 | |
| Nyaintog Township (Nianduhu Township) |
Niên đô hồ hương | Niándūhū Xiāng | གཉན་ཐོག་ཞང་། | gnyan thog zhang | 632301205 | |
| Garzê Township (Guashize Township) |
Qua thập tắc hương | Guāshízé Xiāng | འགར་རྩེ་ཞང་། | 'gar rtse zhang | 632301206 | |
| Gyaiwo Township (Jiawu Township) |
Gia ngô hương | Jiāwú Xiāng | རྒྱལ་བོ་ཞང་། | rgyal bo zhang | 632301207 | |
Demographics and languages
[edit]TheAmdo Tibetanis thelingua francaof Tongren and the surrounding region, which is populated byTibetanandHui people,as well as someHan ChineseandMongols.[4]
TheWutun language,a Chinese-Bonan-Tibetanmixed language,is spoken by some 2,000 people in the two villages of Upper and Lower Wutun, located on the eastern bank of the Rongwo River.[4]
Climate
[edit]Tongren has a highlandhumid continental climate(KöppenDwb).
| Climate data for Tongren, elevation 2,475 m (8,120 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.1 (59.2) |
21.6 (70.9) |
27.0 (80.6) |
32.7 (90.9) |
30.9 (87.6) |
31.3 (88.3) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.2 (93.6) |
32.5 (90.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
19.8 (67.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) |
5.5 (41.9) |
11.0 (51.8) |
16.4 (61.5) |
19.3 (66.7) |
22.0 (71.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
23.7 (74.7) |
19.0 (66.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
8.5 (47.3) |
3.0 (37.4) |
14.0 (57.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.1 (21.0) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
2.9 (37.2) |
8.5 (47.3) |
12.2 (54.0) |
15.3 (59.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
16.7 (62.1) |
12.5 (54.5) |
6.8 (44.2) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
6.6 (43.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −11.6 (11.1) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
2.1 (35.8) |
6.3 (43.3) |
9.9 (49.8) |
12.0 (53.6) |
11.5 (52.7) |
8.1 (46.6) |
1.9 (35.4) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
1.2 (34.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22.6 (−8.7) |
−19.5 (−3.1) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
1.2 (34.2) |
4.3 (39.7) |
2.3 (36.1) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−16.4 (2.5) |
−21.5 (−6.7) |
−22.6 (−8.7) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 2.8 (0.11) |
4.2 (0.17) |
10.5 (0.41) |
24.5 (0.96) |
56.9 (2.24) |
59.4 (2.34) |
84.3 (3.32) |
77.8 (3.06) |
68.6 (2.70) |
25.4 (1.00) |
4.1 (0.16) |
1.0 (0.04) |
419.5 (16.51) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 3 | 3.3 | 5.2 | 7.8 | 12.8 | 15.1 | 16.0 | 13.9 | 14.3 | 8.5 | 2.4 | 1.3 | 103.6 |
| Average snowy days | 4.4 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 3.7 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 29 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 41 | 41 | 42 | 45 | 53 | 60 | 64 | 65 | 68 | 61 | 48 | 41 | 52 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 205.4 | 197.1 | 219.9 | 228.2 | 220.8 | 203.3 | 219.3 | 210.0 | 172.0 | 197.1 | 210.6 | 211.9 | 2,495.6 |
| Percentpossible sunshine | 66 | 63 | 59 | 58 | 51 | 47 | 50 | 51 | 47 | 57 | 69 | 70 | 57 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[5][6] | |||||||||||||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^"Hoàng nam châu đệ thất thứ toàn quốc nhân khẩu phổ tra công báo ( đệ nhị hào ) —— huyện cấp thường trụ nhân khẩu tình huống"(in Chinese). Government of Huangnan Prefecture. 2021-07-01.
- ^"China Adds to Security Forces in Tibet Amid Calls for a Boycott"article by Edward Wong inThe New York TimesFeb. 18, 2009, accessed October 21, 2010
- ^"China: Tibetan Students March To Protest Education Policies"article by Edward Wong inThe New York TimesOctober 21, 2010, accessed October 21, 2010
- ^abLee-Smith, Mei W.; Wurm, Stephen A. (1996), "The Wutun language", in Wurm, Stephen A.; Mühlhäusler, Peter; Tyron, Darrell T. (eds.),Atlas of languages of intercultural communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas, Volume 2, Part 1. (Volume 13 of Trends in Linguistics, Documentation Series).,Walter de Gruyter, p. 883,ISBN3-11-013417-9,
International Council for Philosophy and Humanistic Studies
- ^Trung quốc khí tượng sổ cư võng – WeatherBk Data(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved27 August2023.
- ^ Trung quốc khí tượng sổ cư võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved27 August2023.
External links
[edit]
- A Century in Rebkong, Amdo,anAmdoprimer
- Video about Tongren- the city of Tongren and its most important monasteries with famous Buddhist art schools for Thangka painting
- Travel Videos from mickspatz at www.spatz-darmstadt.de- travel videos about Buddhist Monasteries and Tibetan Art of the Tongren-Rebkong valley and Xiahe
- Videos about a great festival in Tongren-Rebkong, July 2006By Italian writerMario Biondi,in Italian
- Photographs of Tongren/Repkong Shaman Festival
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