Tonofibril
Tonofibrilsare cytoplasmic protein structures inepithelialtissues that converge atdesmosomesandhemidesmosomes.[1]They consist of finefibrilsin epithelial cells that are anchored to thecytoskeleton.[2]They were discovered byRudolf Heidenhain,and first described in detail byLouis-Antoine Ranvierin 1897.[3]
Composition
[edit]Tonofilaments arekeratinintermediate filamentsthat make up tonofibrils in the epithelial tissue. In epithelial cells, tonofilaments loop through desmosomes. Electron microscopy has advanced now to illustrate the tonofilaments more clearly.[1]
The proteinfilaggrinis believed to be synthesized as a giantprecursor protein,profilaggrin (>400 kDA in humans). When filaggrin binds to keratin intermediate filaments, the keratin aggregates into macrofibrils.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ab"tonofibril"atDorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^abSandilands, Aileen; Sutherland, Calum; Irvine, Alan D.; McLean, W. H. Irwin (2009-05-01)."Filaggrin in the frontline: role in skin barrier function and disease".J Cell Sci.122(9): 1285–1294.doi:10.1242/jcs.033969.ISSN0021-9533.PMC2721001.PMID19386895.
- ^Charles, Arwyn; Smiddy, F. G. (1957-09-01)."The Tonofibrils of the Human Epidermis1".Journal of Investigative Dermatology.29(5): 327–338.doi:10.1038/jid.1957.108.ISSN0022-202X.PMID13502588.
External links
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