Jump to content

Traian Săvulescu

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Traian Săvulescu
Born(1889-02-02)February 2, 1889
Râmnicu Sărat,Buzău County,Kingdom of Romania
DiedMarch 29, 1963(1963-03-29)(aged 74)
Bucharest,Romanian People's Republic
NationalityRomanian
Alma materUniversity of Bucharest
Known forfounder of the Romanian School of Phytopathology, member and president of theRomanian Academy
Spouse(s)Alice Săvulescu
Minister of Agriculture and Royal Domains
In office
29 November 1946 – 27 December 1947
Prime MinisterPetru Groza
Preceded byRomulus Zăroni
Minister of Agriculture and Royal Domains
In office
27 December 1947 – 14 April 1948
Prime MinisterPetru Groza
Succeeded byVasile Vaida[ro]
Second Vice President of the Council of Ministers
In office
15 April 1948 – 16 April 1949
Prime MinisterPetru Groza
Scientific career
FieldsBiology,Botany,Mycology
InstitutionsUniversity of Bucharest
ThesisStudiul asupra speciilor de Campanula L. din secția Heterophyllae ce cresc în România(1916)
Author abbrev. (botany)Săvul.

Traian Săvulescu(2 February 1889,Râmnicu Sărat– 29 March 1963,Bucharest) was aRomanianbiologist and botanist, founder of the Romanian School of Phytopathology, member and president of theRomanian Academy.

Early life and education

[edit]

The third child of Petrache and Maria Săvulescu, he attended primary school andsecondary school[1]inRâmnicu Săratand theCostache Negruzzi CollegeinIași,where his teacher, Teodor Nicolau, directed him towards the study of botany.[citation needed]

After graduation in 1907, he enrolled at theFaculty of Medicinein Bucharest. The next year, he enrolled at theUniversity of Bucharest,Faculty of Natural Sciences, from which he graduated in 1912. After graduation, he embarked on aPh.D.at the Botanical Institute in Bucharest, which he obtained in 1916 with a doctoral thesis entitledStudiul asupra speciilor de Campanula L. din secția Heterophyllae ce cresc în România(Study of the species of Campanula L. in the Heterophyllae growing in Romania). The work was well received and noted withmagna cum laude.Săvulescu became the first doctor of botany at the University of Bucharest.[citation needed]

Career

[edit]

Between 1912 and 1921 he worked at the Botanical Institute of Cotroceni and in 1918 he was appointed lecturer in the Department of Plant Morphology and Institute of Systematic Botany in Bucharest. For a quarter of a century, he divided his work between the College of Agriculture atHerăstrău Park,where he taughtSystematicsandPhytopathology,and the Plant and the Agricultural Research Institute of Romania, founded byGheorghe Ionescu-Sisești.[citation needed]

He organized a network of warning stations across Romania to combatvinemildew.In 1929 he founded a laboratory for the study of insecticide-fungicide substances, the laboratory subsequently becoming the national Plant Protection Service. He also initiated the firstphytosanitationlaws and quarantine control in Romania.[citation needed]

In 1928 he founded theacademic journalStarea fitosanitară a României(Phytosanitary status of Romania), published annually, which covered matters of plant protection.[citation needed].In the same year he started the famousexsiccataHerbarium mycologicum Romanicumwhich he issued until 1963.[2]In 1967 the work was continued by V. Bontea,O. Constantinescuand G. Negrean until 1984.[3]

On 25 May 1936, Săvulescu became a correspondent member of theRomanian Academy of Sciences.[citation needed]

In June 1938 Săvulescu featured in a documentary film of an expedition in theDanube Delta,exploring the local flora.[4]That same year, he marriedAlice Aronescu,a colleague who after graduating from theUniversity of Bucharest,had obtained aPh.D.fromColumbia University.[5]

Between 29 November 1946 and 30 December 1947, Săvulescu served as Minister of Agriculture underPrime MinisterPetru Grozaand was Vice President of the Council of Ministers.[6]

In 1948 he became an active member and secretary general of theRomanian Academy.In 1948, with the nationalization initiated by the communist regime, the Academy ceased to exist as a private institution and was reorganized under the name of theAcademy of the Romanian People.Săvulescu was appointed president of this new organization during the Romanian People's Republic (1948–1959) by decree of the Presidium of theGreat National Assembly.[7]He remained its honorary president until his death in 1963.[citation needed]

In April 1955, during an election meeting of the Academy, Traian Săvulescu came to the defence of former members excluded in 1948 for their previous collaboration with authoritarian, anti-Semitic or fascist governments.[8]

On 23 March 1956, as a gesture towards the abolition of the Academy of Sciences of Romania and its integration into the People's Republic Romanian Academy, Săvulescu, as President of the Academy, organized the inaugural meeting of theAssociation of Romanian Scientists(AORS).[9]

Săvulescu was a member of several foreign academies, including those from Hungary, Germany, and New York (US). He was also editor of the journalBuletin de la section scientifique de L'Académie Roumaineand member of the editorial boards of the journalsPhytopathologische Zeitschrift,Berlin andSydowia.[citation needed]

He was honoured in the name of a taxon offungibyFranz Petrakin 1959,SavulescuaPetr..[10]Also in 1959, botanistCif.published the fungi genus ofSavulescuellabut the three species were placed in theDoassansiaceaeandDoassansiopsidaceaefamilies.[11]High schools in Râmnicu Sărat[12]andTârgu Mureș[13]now bear his name.

Publications

[edit]
  • Săvulescu, Traian (1928),Tratat despre flora Arabiei[Treatise on the flora of Arabia]
  • Săvulescu, Traian (1935),Tratat despre flora Palestinei[Treatise on the flora of Palestine]
  • Săvulescu, Traian; Zahariadeval (1937),Morfologia, anatomia și patologia porumbului[Morphology, anatomy and pathology of Corn]
  • Săvulescu, Traian (1940),Științele Biologice și economia[The biological sciences and economics]
  • Săvulescu, Traian (1946),Aspectele actuale ale agriculturii românești[Current issues of Romanian agriculture]
  • Săvulescu, Traian (1949),De la practica domesticirii plantelor principio de la Biologie generală[The domestication of plants from the practice of general principles of biology]
  • Săvulescu, Traian (ed.),Flora Republicii Populare Române[The Flora of the People's Republic of Romania]five volumes, 1952–1957
  • Săvulescu, Traian (1953),Monografia Uredinalelor din România
  • Săvulescu, Traian; Săvulescu, Olga (1959),Tratat de patologie vegetală[treatise on Plant Pathology]
The standardauthor abbreviationSăvul.is used to indicate this person as the author whencitingabotanical name.[14]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Absolvenți de prestigiu ai CNAV".colegiulvlahuta.ro(in Romanian).Alexandru Vlahuță National College.RetrievedAugust 7,2024.
  2. ^"Herbarium mycologicum Romanicum: IndExs ExsiccataID=791887104".IndExs - Index of Exsiccatae.Botanische Staatssammlung München.Retrieved29 June2024.
  3. ^Triebel, D. & Scholz, P. 2001–2024IndExs – Index of Exsiccatae.Botanische Staatssammlung München:http://indexs.botanischestaatssammlung.de.– München, Germany.
  4. ^Expediția Traian Săvulescu in Delta Dunării(in Romanian). June 1938.
  5. ^Marcu, George (2009)."Dicționarul personalităților feminine din România: Alice Săvulescu"[Dictionary of female personalities from Romania: Alice Săvulescu].Enciclopedia României(in Romanian). Bucharest, Romania: Editura Meronia. Archived fromthe originalon 6 August 2016.Retrieved2 April2017.
  6. ^"Ministrul agriculturii şi domeniilor"(in Romanian).AGERPRES.Archived fromthe originalon 2006-04-26.
  7. ^"Romania sub Ocupatia Sovietica (1948–1958)"[Romania under Soviet Occupation (1948–1958)] (in Romanian).
  8. ^""Reprimiri" și alegeri la Academie "(in Romanian). Archived fromthe originalon October 2, 2008.
  9. ^"Establishment of AORS".Archived fromthe originalon 2 April 2015.Retrieved22 March2015.
  10. ^"Savulescua insignis Petr. - GSD Species".www.speciesfungorum.org.Species Fungorum.Retrieved15 October2022.
  11. ^"Savulescuella - Search Page".www.speciesfungorum.org.Species Fungorum.Retrieved15 October2022.
  12. ^"Despre Liceul Tehnologic Traian Săvulescu Rîmnicu Sărat".gsagricolrms.uv.ro(in Romanian).RetrievedOctober 21,2023.
  13. ^"Colegiul Agricol" Traian Săvulescu "din Târgu Mureș".colegiultraiansavulescu.ro(in Romanian).RetrievedOctober 21,2023.
  14. ^International Plant Names Index.Săvul.

Bibliography

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traian_Săvulescu&oldid=1239226615"