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Codeine/paracetamol

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Codeine/paracetamol
Combination of
CodeineOpioidanalgesic
paracetamolAnilideanalgesic
Clinical data
Trade namesTylenol with codeine, others
MedlinePlusa601005
License data
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChemCID
ChemSpider
KEGG
☒NcheckY(what is this?)(verify)

Codeine/paracetamol,also calledcodeine/acetaminophenandco-codamol,is acompound analgesic,comprisingcodeine phosphateandparacetamol(acetaminophen). Codeine/paracetamol is used for the relief of mild to moderatepainwhen paracetamol ornon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs; such asibuprofen,aspirin,andnaproxen) alone do not sufficiently relieve symptoms.[2][3]

In 2021, it was the 176th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2million prescriptions.[7][8]

Side effects

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The most common side effects include constipation, nausea and drowsiness.[9] Others includecoughing up blood from the lungs,skin rashes,dizziness,sedation,shortness of breath,hypersensitivityreaction,fainting(syncope or near syncope),confusion,loss ofshort-term memory,changes inblood,allergic reactions,euphoria,dysphoria,abdominal pain, itchiness, easybruising,bleedinggums,vivid dreams,dry mouth and addiction.[10]

Genetic differences between people cause differing rates of metabolism of codeine tomorphine.In about 5% of people this may happen particularly fast, causing morphine to be passed through breast milk in amounts that may cause fatalrespiratory depressionin a breastfed baby.[11]

Society and culture

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Availability

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Of the European Union (EU) member states, 11 allowover-the-countersale of solid dosage forms of codeine, including codeine/paracetamol; they are Bulgaria, Cyprus, Denmark, France, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania and Slovenia.[12]

References

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  1. ^"Acetaminophen with Codeine Product information".Health Canada.25 April 2012.Archivedfrom the original on 13 September 2022.Retrieved13 September2022.
  2. ^ab"Boots Paracetamol & Codeine 500mg/8mg Tablets - Patient Information Leaflet (PIL)".(emc).30 November 2021.Archivedfrom the original on 18 July 2022.Retrieved17 July2022.
  3. ^ab"Co-Codamol 15/500 Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)".(emc).25 March 2021.Archivedfrom the original on 5 August 2021.Retrieved17 July2022.
  4. ^"Controlled Substances - Alphabetical Order"(PDF).Archived(PDF)from the original on 21 April 2021.Retrieved29 June2024.
  5. ^"Acetaminophen and Codeine Phosphate tablet".DailyMed.31 July 2020.Archivedfrom the original on 18 March 2022.Retrieved17 July2022.
  6. ^"Acetaminophen and Codeine Phosphate solution".DailyMed.25 May 2022.Archivedfrom the original on 11 May 2021.Retrieved17 July2022.
  7. ^"The Top 300 of 2021".ClinCalc.Archivedfrom the original on 15 January 2024.Retrieved14 January2024.
  8. ^"Acetaminophen; Codeine - Drug Usage Statistics".ClinCalc.Archivedfrom the original on 24 October 2021.Retrieved14 January2024.
  9. ^"Co-codamol for adults: painkiller containing paracetamol and codeine".National Health Service.19 December 2018.Archivedfrom the original on 14 January 2022.Retrieved16 April2021.
  10. ^Nielsen S, Van Hout MC (2017). "Over-the-Counter Codeine-from Therapeutic Use to Dependence, and the Grey Areas in Between".Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences.34:59–75.doi:10.1007/7854_2015_422.hdl:1959.4/unsworks_62273.ISBN978-3-319-60014-7.PMID26768736.
  11. ^"Codeine Use While Breastfeeding May Be Dangerous".CTV News.20 August 2008.Archivedfrom the original on 1 September 2008.Retrieved13 August2020.
  12. ^Foley M, Harris R, Rich E, Rapca A, Bergin M, Norman I, et al. (November 2015)."The availability of over-the-counter codeine medicines across the European Union".Public Health.129(11): 1465–1470.doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2015.06.014.PMID26215740.Archivedfrom the original on 25 March 2022.Retrieved8 July2020.
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