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USSGeorge H.W. Bush

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USSGeorge H.W. Bush(CVN-77)
USSGeorge H.W. Bushin January 2011
History
United States
NameGeorge H.W. Bush
NamesakeGeorge H. W. Bush
Ordered26 January 2001
Awarded26 January 2001
BuilderNorthrop Grumman Newport News[1]
Cost$6.2 billion[2]
Laid down6 September 2003[1]
Sponsored byDorothy Bush Koch[1]
Christened7 October 2006
Launched9 October 2006
Commissioned10 January 2009[2]
HomeportNorfolk
Identification
MottoFreedom at Work
Nickname(s)Avenger
Statusin active service
Badge
General characteristics
Class and typeNimitz-classaircraft carrier
Displacement102,000 long tons (114,000 short tons)[3][4]
Length
  • Overall: 1,092 feet (332.8 m)
  • Waterline: 1,040 feet (317.0 m)
Beam
  • Overall: 252 ft (76.8 m)
  • Waterline: 134 ft (40.8 m)
Draft
  • Maximum navigational: 37 feet (11.3 m)
  • Limit: 41 feet (12.5 m)
Propulsion
Speed30+ knots (56+ km/h; 35+ mph)[9]
RangeUnlimited distance; 20–25 years
Complement
  • Ship's company: 3,532
  • Air wing: 2,480
Sensors and
processing systems
  • SPS-48E 3-D air search radar
  • SPS-49A(V)1 2-D air search radar
  • SPQ-9B fire control radar
  • 2 × SPN-46 air traffic control radars
  • SPN-43C air traffic control radar
  • SPN-41 instrument landing system radar
  • 3 × Mk 91 NSSM guidance systems
  • 3 × Mk 95 radars
Electronic warfare
& decoys
Armament
Armor2.5 in (64 mm)Kevlarover vital spaces[7]
Aircraft carried90 fixed wing and helicopters

USSGeorge H.W. Bush(CVN-77)is the tenth and finalNimitz-classsupercarrierof theUnited States Navy.She is named for the 41stPresident of the United Statesand formerDirector of Central IntelligenceGeorge H. W. Bush,who was anaval aviatorduringWorld War II.The vessel'scallsignisAvenger,after theTBM Avengeraircraftflown by then-Lieutenant George H. W. Bush inWorld War II.Construction began in 2003 atNorthrop Grumman,inNewport News, Virginiaand was completed in 2009 at a cost of $6.2 billion. Her home port isNaval Station Norfolk,Virginia.

Naming

[edit]
George H. W. Bushin aGrumman TBM AvengerduringWorld War II

George H. W. Bushbecame one of the U.S. Navy's youngest pilots when he received his Naval Aviator wings and naval commission on 9 June 1943, three days before turning 19.[10]He flew torpedo bombers offUSSSan Jacintoon active duty from August 1943 to September 1945 during World War II. On 2 September 1944, during a mission over the Pacific, Japanese anti-aircraft fire hit his plane. The Navy submarineUSSFinbackrescued him. He was awarded theDistinguished Flying Crossand threeAir Medalsfor courageous service in thePacific Theater.

USSGeorge H.W. Bushis the second United Statesaircraft carrierto be named after a naval aviator (Forrestalwas the first) and the second, followingRonald Reagan,to be named after a then living former president (Ronald Reaganwas christened in 2001 while Reagan was still alive).

Ship's seal

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Each element of the seal is significant for its relevance to the ship's namesake, naval aviation, naval service, and the nation. There are six prominent features of the seal, beginning with the 41 white stars, symbolizing the ship's namesake (the 41st president). The rays of light that appear on the seal's horizon represent Bush's concept of a "thousand points of light",wherein he urged Americans to find meaning and reward by serving a purpose higher than themselves. The graphic depiction of the aircraft carrier reflects the carrier, as both a symbol and instrument of American strength as a force for freedom. Above the carrier are the overhead profiles of aTBM Avengertorpedo bomber (representing Bush's days as a Navy pilot), anF/A-18 Hornetstrike fighter, and anF-35C Lightning II,superimposed one upon the other in reverse chronological order of the individual aircraft's service entry date, and in diminishing scale so each outline is contained within that of the newer aircraft.[11]

Fouled anchors and shields, centered on naval aviators wings, honor the ship's namesake's aviation history. Finally, the motto "Freedom at Work" is adapted from Bush's inaugural speech, during which he said, "We know what works: Freedom works. We know what’s right: Freedom is right."[11]

Description

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George H.W. Bushmeasures 1,092 feet (333 m) and displaces over 100,000 tons, making her one of the world's largest warships (though she is slightly shorter thanUSSEnterprise). Her top speed exceeds 30 knots; powered with two nuclear reactors, she can operate for more than 20 years without refueling.

Several features differentiate CVN-77 from other ships in theNimitzclass.[12]

Hull

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New features include abulbous bowdesign that provides more buoyancy to the forward end of the ship and improves hull efficiency, curvedflight deckedges to reduce radar signature, a new underwater hull coating system, deck modernized coverings to reduce ship weight by 100 tons, low solar absorptive and anti-stain paint, a less clutteredhangarbay, and a newpropellerdesign.[13]

Island

[edit]
Placement of the 700-ton island onto the ship's flight deck in 2006

George H.W. Bushis the second carrier to have a modernized island, which includes a new radar tower (enclosed to reduce radar signature), navigation system upgrades, communication systems enhancements, and armored windows. The island is smaller and has been repositioned further aft to improve flight deck access and reduce signature and electronic self-interference.[14]

Air operations

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New air operations design features include an updated aviation fuel storage and distribution system, semi-automated refueling and servicing with new deck locations to provide faster, more efficient aircraft pit stops, requiring fewer people, modernized aircraft launch, and recovery equipment, and redesignedjet blast deflectors.[15]

Environmental

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Environmental upgrades have also been designed into the ship, including a vacuum collection/marine sanitation device (VC/MSD), a new marine sewage system that uses sea water in lieu of fresh water for lower maintenance costs. Many older ships in the U.S. Navy utilize a gravity-driven collection holding and transfer (CHT) system to handle sewage waste. Newer U.S. Navy ships, including now CVN-77, collect sewage waste by vacuum, allowing for greater flexibility in piping installation, smaller pipe sizes overall and reducing water consumption. The collection tanks ofGeorge H.W. Bushwere modified to accommodate both the VCHT (Vacuum CHT) equipment and the elements of a marine sanitization device to treat the waste prior to discharge.George H.W. Bushis the only aircraft carrier in the U.S. Navy to combine the two technologies.

This new VC/MSD driven waste management system has, however, not been without problems. Reports began surfacing immediately after delivery in May 2009 of issues with the ship's toilet system. As of November 2011, the entire system has gone down at least twice, rendering all 423 commodes in the ship's 130 heads inoperable, with many more incidents that have rendered either half of the ship, or sections of the ship, without operating sanitary facilities. In one ship-wide incident, a repair crew spent 35 non-stop hours attempting to return the system to working order. The system is said to suffer breakdowns when inappropriate materials such as feminine hygiene products are flushed down the toilets.[16]During a four-month maintenance period in the dock in 2012, anti-clog measures were installed in the ship's toilet disposal systems.[17]

Electronics and communications

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New electronics and communications technology,[vague]space rearrangement, operational procedure changes, advanced sensor technologies and maintenance systems have been incorporated to reduce manning costs. A new zonal electrical distribution system will keep problems from affecting other parts of the ship. Automated material movement devices, semi-autonomous, gravity compensated weapons handling devices, damage control automation systems and components have also been installed. Medical and dental equipment have been upgraded, integrated display screens in Damage Control Central have been modernized to improve data integration and display, and equipment in general shops has been modernized to improve productivity.[14]

History

[edit]
Pentagon naming ceremony in December 2002

The contract to build CVN-77 was awarded toNorthrop Grumman Shipbuilding Newport Newson 26 January 2001. A naming ceremony was held on 9 December 2002 atNorthrop Grumman Newport News,with former president George H.W. Bush attending.[18][19]Secretary of the NavyGordon R. England,presided at the ceremony.

Construction

[edit]

Construction took place at theNorthrop Grumman Newport Newsshipyard'sDry Dock12, the largest in the western hemisphere.[18][20]Thekeel layingceremony was held on 6 September 2003,[18]with former president George H. W. Bush serving as the keynote speaker. Former First LadyBarbara Bushalso attended with their daughter, Dorothy Bush Koch, the ship's sponsor. The former president authenticated the keel by chalking his initials onto a metal plate. His initials were then welded onto the plate, which was permanently affixed to the ship.

USSGeorge H.W. Bushshortly after being released from dry dock for the first time

The ship was modularly constructed, where large sections are assembled and then lifted into place using a large crane. Major milestones in the construction include the bow placement in March 2005, followed by the island placement on 8 July 2006.[18]The 700-short-ton (640 t; 620-long-ton) island was lifted onto the flight deck in a ceremony called "stepping the mast"which dates from antiquity and consists of placing coins or other items of significance under the step or bottom of a ship's mast during construction. Since at least the construction ofUSSConstitutionin the 1790s, this tradition has been passed on as a symbol of good luck for U.S. Navy ships. George H. W. Bush participated in the event, placing his naval aviator wings underneath the island during the ceremony.[21]

George H.W. Bushwaschristenedon 7 October 2006.[1]Former president George H. W. Bush attended the ceremony and became the first president in history to participate in the christening of his namesake ship. PresidentGeorge W. Bushalso attended and honored his father during the ceremony as a special guest speaker. Other officials participating in the ceremony includedSecretary of DefenseDonald Rumsfeld,Secretary of the NavyDonald Winter;Virginia SenatorsJohn WarnerandGeorge Allen,Virginia Gov.Tim Kaine,andChief of Naval OperationsAdmiralMichael Mullen.[22]

Other construction milestones included catapult system testing on the ship's flight deck on 25 January 2008. Former president George H. W. Bush signaled the launch of two "dead loads" off the deck of the carrier. Dead loads are large, wheeled, steel vessels weighing up to 80,000 pounds (36,000 kg) simulating the weight of actual aircraft.[23]

On 11 August 2008, thePre-Commissioning Unit(PCU) crew moved aboard the ship, the first meals were served in the galley, the U.S. flag was raised on the fantail for the first time, and the first watches were set.[24]George H.W. Bushleft Northrop Grumman Ship Building for the first time on 23 December 2008, proceeding a few miles down river toNorfolk Naval Station.

Commissioning

[edit]
Guests and U.S. Navy personnel at the commissioning ceremony on 10 January 2009
George H. W. Bush and Barbara Bush depart the ship following the commissioning ceremony

George H.W. Bushwas commissioned 10 January 2009 at Norfolk Naval Station[25]prior to her official delivery to the Navy, in a ceremony attended by approximately 15,000 people. Veterans ofUSSSan Jacinto,the ship George H. W. Bush served on during World War II, were also present. President George W. Bush delivered the principal address, George H. W. Bush set the first watch, and ship's sponsor Dorothy "Doro" Bush Koch gave the order to "man our ship and bring her to life!" AGM-builtGrummanTBM Avengerlike the one then-Lieutenant junior grade George Bush flew in World War II performed a fly-over.

Northrop Grumman Corporation Builder's sea trials were completed on 16 February 2009, providing an opportunity to test systems, components and compartments at sea for the first time. The trials included high-speed runs and a demonstration of the carrier's other capabilities.[26]Following builder's trials, the ship underwent acceptance trials on 10 April 2009,[27]conducted by representatives of the U.S. Navy Board of Inspection and Survey, to test and evaluate the ship's systems and performance.

Delivery and shakedown

[edit]

George H.W. Bushwas officially delivered to the Navy on 11 May 2009.[28]

The first fixed-wing flights were conducted on 19 May 2009 whenF/A-18 Super HornetsfromAir Test and Evaluation SquadronatNaval Air Station Patuxent River,Maryland beganflight deckcertification, which tests a carrier's ability to conductair operations.[29]

On 26 May 2009, former president George H.W. Bush and his daughter, Dorothy Bush Koch, flew aboard the carrier to observe flight operations during the ship's underway period in the Atlantic Ocean. USSGeorge H.W. Bushsuccessfully completed her first flight deck certification on that day.[30]

George H.W. Bushreturned to Northrop Grumman Newport News shipyard on 18 June 2009 for post-delivery maintenance work, also known as the ship's post shakedown availability (PSA). A PSA is a typical availability in the early life of a carrier that allows the Navy and builder to resolve any items that came up during trials and delivery and make any last-minute changes and upgrades. Work includes the installation of aRigid Hull Inflatable Boat(RHIB) handling system and a new fresh water purification system. Other changes include compartment reconfigurations, combat system and radar equipment upgrades, and minor repairs. The work was scheduled to last through early 2010.[31]

Maiden 2011 deployment

[edit]
George H.W. Bush(top) conducts an ordnance transfer withHarry S Trumanoff the East Coast in 2011

The ship was assigned toCarrier Strike Group Twofor her first deployment. Under the command of Rear AdmiralNora Tyson,George H.W. Bush,Carrier Air Wing Eightand the four ships of her group departed on her first deployment on 11 May 2011.[32]They sailed across the Atlantic to Britain to participate inExercise Saxon Warrior,held in theWestern Approachesand culminating in a so-called 'Thursday War'.[33]She then moved towardsPortsmouth,United Kingdom, on 27 May, anchoring adjacent toStokes Baythrough 31 May, because she was too large to enter the harbor, and the naval base did not have sufficient nuclear berths for the carrier to moor alongside.[33][34]The carrier arrived at Naples, Italy on 10 June 2011.[35]

The carrier returned to Norfolk on 10 December 2011, following a seven-month deployment supporting operations with the U.S. Navy's 5th and 6th fleets.[36]

2012

[edit]
George H.W. Bushundertakes carrier qualifications in the Atlantic in May 2013; anF/A-18F Super Hornetis on the catapult; another F/A-18F and anX-47Bare parked forward of the island superstructure; two more F/A-18Fs and fourC-2 Greyhoundsare parked aft.

On 25 July 2012,George H.W. Bushbegan her four-month overhaul atNorfolk Naval ShipyardatPortsmouth, Virginia,included scheduled short-term technical upgrades.[37]On 1 December 2012,George H.W. Bushcompleted her PIA maintenance cycle and began sea trials on 3 December 2012. After completing sea trials on 4 December 2012, the carrier started her training and qualification cycle in preparation for the group's 2013 deployment.[38]

2013

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During a two-week underway period beginning 14 January 2013,George H.W. Bushtested theMV-22tilt-rotor aircraft from squadronVMX-22as a potentialcarrier onboard delivery aircraftas well as operating mine-sweepingMH-53Ehelicopters from squadronHM-14.[39]

AnX-47Bis catapulted fromGeorge H.W. Bushin May 2013, the first time a UCAV had been launched from an aircraft carrier at sea, during carrier qualifications in the Atlantic

During another underway period,George H.W. Bushconducted at-sea tests forX-47Bunmanned drone in theAtlantic Ocean,including the first time that an unmanned drone has beencatapultedoff an aircraft carrier on the morning of 14 May 2013 (pictured).[40]On 17 May 2013, another first was achieved when the X-47B performedtouch-and-go landingsand take-offs on the flight deck ofBushwhile underway in the Atlantic Ocean.[41]Also during this two-week underway period, the aircraft carrier tested a new torpedo self-defense system, as well as completed more than 115 launches and landings in assessing a new precision landing system, before returning to Norfolk on 24 May 2013.[42]

On 10 July 2013, an unmanned X-47B drone completed an arrested landing on the flight deck ofGeorge H.W. Bush.The landing marks the first time any unmanned aircraft had completed an arrested landing on board an aircraft carrier operating at sea.[43]The drone completed a second successful arrested landing onGeorge H.W. Bush,but it was diverted to theWallops Flight Facilityin Virginia after an issue was detected, requiring that a planned third landing to be aborted.[44]One of the drone's three navigational sub-systems failed, which was identified by the other two sub-systems. The anomaly was indicated to the mission operator, who followed test plan procedures to abort the landing. The Navy stated that the aircraft's detection of a problem demonstrated its reliability and ability to operate autonomously.[45]On 15 July 2013, in a fourth attempt, an X-47B drone failed to make a successful flight deck landing on board the vessel due to "technical issues."[46]

2014 deployment

[edit]
George H.W. Bushtransits theStraits of Gibraltarin February 2014

In late February 2014,George H.W. Bushtransited theStrait of Gibraltaron the way to a stop inPiraeus,Greece, for a scheduled port visit.[47]

On 5 March 2014,George H.W. Busharrived off southern Turkey, which is under 500 miles away fromCrimea,amid developing tensions overUkrainewithRussia.[48]On 9 March 2014, the carrier entered port inAntalya,in southernTurkey.[49]Some news sources had speculated that the ship's stay in the Mediterranean Sea would be extended as a result of theannexation of Crimea,but this proved to not be the case withCarrier Strike Group 2proceeding through theSuez Canal.[50]

Carl Vinson(foreground) relievesGeorge H.W. Bushas the 5th Fleet on station carrier in October 2014.

The carrier was transiting the Suez Canal on 18 March 2014. On 23 MarchUSSHarry S. Trumanofficially turned over the watch toGeorge H.W. Bushin the U.S. 5th Fleet area of responsibility conducting maritime security operations and supporting theater security cooperation efforts.

On 14 June 2014,George H.W. Bushwas ordered to thePersian Gulfto protect US interests in Iraq in light of the militant groupIslamic State of Iraq and the Levant's (ISIL)offensive and takeoverof several major cities in that country.

On 8 August 2014, two F/A-18F Super Hornets launched from the ship and dropped 500-pound (230 kg) laser-guided bombs on an ISIL mobile artillery cannon shellingKurdishforces outside their capital city,Erbil.[51]The mission was launched in accordance with President Obama's announcement on the evening of 7 August that the US would begin airstrikes to protect US personnel and theYazidisin the region from ISIL attacks.

On 23 September 2014 F/A-18 Hornets and Super Hornets from Carrier Air Wing Eight launched fromGeorge H.W. Bushin the Persian Gulf to strike at specific targets inSyriasuch as command-and-control centers, training camps, and weapons depots.[52]

On 15 November 2014,George H.W. Bushreturned to her homeport in Norfolk, Virginia after a nine-month deployment.

2017 deployment

[edit]
George H.W. Bushin company withHMSQueen Elizabethand escorts
A pair ofSuper Hornetsfrom USSGeorge H.W. BushoverflyHMSQueen Elizabethduring ExerciseSaxon Warriorin 2017

Following a 14-month shipyard availability at Norfolk Naval Shipyard and a compressed training cycle,George H.W. Bushand Carrier Air Wing Eight departed Norfolk on 21 January for her third deployment. She transited the Strait of Gibraltar on 2 February and after a port visit toSouda Bay,Crete,she again participated in strikes against ISIL in support ofOperation Inherent Resolve.[53]

In July 2017,George H.W. Busharrived in the UK to take part in ExerciseSaxon Warrior,a joint exercise involving Carrier Strike Group 2 plus elements of theRoyal Navy,German Navy,Royal Norwegian NavyandSwedish Navy.This included the staff of the Royal Navy's Carrier Strike Group embarkingBushas part of their preparation for the entry into service ofHMSQueen Elizabeth,the first of Britain's new aircraft carriers.[54]

2018

[edit]

In May 2018,George H.W. Bushtook part in theFranco-American exercise Chesapeake Mission, with twelveDassault Aviation Rafale Mand aGrumman E-2C Hawkeyefrom theFrench Navyembarked on board.[55]

2019

[edit]

In February 2019,George H.W. Busharrived at Norfolk Naval Shipyard for a planned 28-month docking planned incremental availability (DPIA). This was the ship's first DPIA.[56]

The United States Navy announced on 24 September that there had been three suicides aboardGeorge H.W. Bushin one week. Two previous ship suicides had taken place in November 2017 and July 2019.[57]

2020

[edit]

On30 July 2020,Navy Timesreported that a spokesperson forNaval Air Force Atlanticconfirmed that a "small number" of sailors assigned toGeorge H.W. Bushhad tested positive forCOVID-19during the summer.[58]The spokesperson declined to provide an exact number of sailors or a more precise date regarding when the virus was detected, citing US Defense Department policy, but added that the carrier was not deployed at the time, and that those infected "remain[ed] in isolation at their private residences in Virginia and receive[d] daily medical supportive care".[58][59]

In August 2020,George H.W. Bushleft dry dock at Norfolk Naval Shipyard, after 18 months of the planned two-year overhaul. It was the vessel's most extensive maintenance period and marked the first time out of water since she was built. The overhaul was the most complex undertaken at the shipyard to date, according to the Navy.[60]

2022–2023 deployment

[edit]

On 10 August 2022,George H.W. Bush,withCarrier Air Wing 7(CVW-7) embarked, began a deployment as part ofCarrier Strike Group 10(CSG-10). This marks the carrier's first deployment since her 2017 deployment, after which she underwent major maintenance.[61]CSG-10 was reportedly set to relieveCarrier Strike Group 8(CSG-8) and its flagship,USSHarry S. Truman,in theMediterranean Sea.[62]On 25 August 2022,George H.W. Bushand CSG-10 transited theStrait of Gibraltarand entered the Mediterranean Sea.[63]George H.W. Bushreturned toNorfolkon 23 April 2023.[64]

References

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^abcd"Future USSGeorge H.W. Bushto Transit ".Naval Sea Systems Command Public Affairs. 18 December 2008. Archived fromthe originalon 6 October 2012.Retrieved22 December2008.
  2. ^ab"Aircraft Carrier Named the USSGeorge H.W. BushCommissioned ".Fox News. 10 January 2009. Archived fromthe originalon 21 October 2012.Retrieved2 June2009.
  3. ^Polmar, Norman (2004).The Naval Institute guide to the ships and aircraft of the U.S. fleet.Naval Institute Press. p.112.ISBN978-1-59114-685-8.Retrieved26 September2016.nimitz class displacement
  4. ^"CVN-68: NIMITZ CLASS"(PDF).
  5. ^Kuperman, Alan; von Hippel, Frank (10 April 2020)."US Study of Reactor and Fuel Types to Enable Naval Reactors to Shift from HEU Fuel".International Panel on Fissile Materials.Archivedfrom the original on 5 October 2021.Retrieved26 February2022.
  6. ^Hanlon, Brendan Patrick (19 May 2015).Validation of the Use of Low Enriched Uranium as a Replacement for Highly Enriched Uranium in US Submarine Reactors(PDF)(MSc).Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Archived(PDF)from the original on 9 October 2021.Retrieved26 February2022.
  7. ^Fontenoy, Paul E. (2006).Aircraft carriers: an illustrated history of their impact.ABC-CLIO Ltd. p. 349.ISBN978-1-85109-573-5.
  8. ^"USS George HW Bush Project".USS George HW Bush (CVN-77) Aircraft Carrier, United States of America.Net Resources International/SPG Media LTD. Archived fromthe originalon 4 December 2012.Retrieved25 December2012.
  9. ^Gibbons, Tony (2001).The Encyclopedia of Ships.London, United Kingdom: Amber Books. p. 444.ISBN978-1-905704-43-9.
  10. ^"George Herbert Walker Bush".Navy History and Heritage Command. 1 December 2018.Retrieved2 December2018.
  11. ^ab"The Ship's Seal".USS George H. W. Bush (CVN77).United States Navy.Archived fromthe originalon 21 December 2012.Retrieved25 December2012.
  12. ^"Design Enhancements".Archived fromthe originalon 23 December 2008.Retrieved3 July2009.
  13. ^"Northrop Grumman Delivers Final Nimitz-Class Aircraft Carrier to the U.S. Navy".Globe Newswire. 11 May 2009.Archivedfrom the original on 21 May 2009.Retrieved31 October2011.
  14. ^abPike, John."CVN-77 – George H.W. Bush".Global Security.Archivedfrom the original on 14 November 2011.Retrieved31 October2011.
  15. ^"USSGeorge H.W. Bush(CVN-77) Aircraft Carrier ".naval-technology.com.
  16. ^"Carrier Bush suffers widespread toilet outages – Navy News | News from Afghanistan & Iraq".Navy Times.Retrieved3 March2012.
  17. ^Shapiro, Michael Welles, "Naval Shipyard Tackles Toilet Clogs on the Bush While Ship Is in For Repairs",Newport News Daily Press,29 September 2012
  18. ^abcdPeña, Fabio."USS GEORGE H.W. BUSH (CVN-77)".NavSource Naval History.NavSource Online: Aircraft Carrier Photo Archive.Archivedfrom the original on 27 October 2012.Retrieved25 December2012.
  19. ^"MaritimeQuest - USS George H. W. Bush CVN-77 Page 1".www.maritimequest.com.Archivedfrom the original on 27 November 2011.Retrieved19 November2011.
  20. ^"USS George HW Bush Project (Construction Photos)".USS George H.W. Bush (CVN-77) Aircraft Carrier, United States of America.Net Resources International/SPG Media LTD.Archivedfrom the original on 15 June 2013.Retrieved25 December2012.
  21. ^"A Crowning Achievement For Northrop Grumman's Newest Aircraft Carrier".northropgrumman.com.
  22. ^"U.S.A.P.T. Command and Staff Attend USSGeorge H.W. BushCommissioning ".army.mil.
  23. ^"Carrier's Namesake Tests Catapult".News.navy.mil. 25 January 2008. Archived fromthe originalon 13 September 2009.Retrieved31 October2011.
  24. ^Bailey, Nathan A. (13 August 2008)."PCU Bush Celebrates In-Service Day, Moves Aboard".News.navy.mil. Archived fromthe originalon 13 September 2009.Retrieved31 October2011.
  25. ^Jones, Matthew (10 January 2009)."Carrier awaits a call to come to life in ceremony today".The Virginian Pilot.Landmark Communications.Archivedfrom the original on 4 February 2009.Retrieved10 January2009.
  26. ^"Northrop Grumman Completes Builder's Sea Trials for USS George H. W. Bush (CVN 77)".Globe Newswire. 16 February 2009.Archivedfrom the original on 24 February 2012.Retrieved31 October2011.
  27. ^"Navy's Newest Carrier Successfully Completes Acceptance Sea Trials".United States Navy.9 April 2009.Archivedfrom the original on 14 April 2009.Retrieved13 April2009.
  28. ^"Navy Takes Delivery of Aircraft Carrier George H.W. Bush".Navy.mil. 11 May 2009.Archivedfrom the original on 18 October 2011.Retrieved31 October2011.
  29. ^"Navy's Newest Aircraft Carrier Lands First Aircraft".Navy.mil. 19 May 2009.Archivedfrom the original on 17 December 2011.Retrieved31 October2011.
  30. ^"Bush Certified for Flight Ops".News.navy.mil. 29 May 2009. Archived fromthe originalon 13 September 2009.Retrieved31 October2011.
  31. ^"Northrop Grumman Awarded PSA Contract for USS George H. W. Bush".Globe Newswire. 18 June 2009.Archivedfrom the original on 24 February 2012.Retrieved31 October2011.
  32. ^Affairs, Press Release, USS George H. W. Bush Public (18 May 2011)."USS Bush departs for maiden deployment".Military News.Retrieved22 April2021.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  33. ^ab"George Bush bound for Portsmouth after war games with Royal Navy".23 May 2011. Archived fromthe originalon 2 June 2011.
  34. ^McMichael, Bill (5 May 2011)."Bush to make first-ever overseas deployment"(Scoop Deck).Navy Times.
  35. ^Ziezulewicz, Geoff (11 June 2011)."Navy's newest carrier reaches Naples during first deployment".Stars and Stripes.Archivedfrom the original on 14 June 2011.
  36. ^"George H.W. Bush Carrier Strike Group Returns from Deployment"(U.S. Fleet Forces Public Affairs).The Flagship.Military Newspapers of Virginia. 12 December 2011.Retrieved13 December2011.
  37. ^Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Samantha Thorpe, USN (26 July 2012)."CVN 77 Begins Planned Incremental Availability".NNS120726-09.USS George H.W. Bush Public Affairs.Archivedfrom the original on 2 December 2013.Retrieved1 August2012.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)andMass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Samantha Thorpe, USN (24 August 2012)."CVN 77 Starts Planned Incremental Availability".NNS120824-02.USS George H.W. Bush Public Affairs.Archivedfrom the original on 2 December 2013.Retrieved1 October2012.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  38. ^Mass Communication Specialist Margaret Keith, USN (3 December 2012)."CVN 77 Departs Shipyard on Time".NNS121203-03.USS George H.W. Bush Public Affairs.Archivedfrom the original on 2 December 2013.Retrieved5 December2012.andMass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Samantha Thorpe, USN (3 December 2012)."CVN 77 Back To Sea For Trials".NNS120726-09.USS George H.W. Bush Public Affairs.Archivedfrom the original on 12 December 2012.Retrieved5 December2012.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  39. ^Richard Whittle (5 February 2013)."It's Great Time To Run V-22 Osprey Program; POTUS Duty, Multiyear, Safety".Sea.AOL Defense. Archived fromthe originalon 10 February 2013.Retrieved6 February2013.Ospreys from VMX-22, the Marine Corps test squadron, were operating from the USSGeorge H.W. Bush(CVN-77) the weekend of Jan. 26–27, carrying cargo and passengers to and from the big deck flattop in a demonstration of the V-22's ability to operate either as part of a carrier's cyclic air operation or, as helicopters do, outside it...
  40. ^"Navy launches unmanned aircraft from deck of aircraft carrier for 1st time".Washington Post.Retrieved14 May2013.[dead link]
  41. ^Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Brandon Vinson, USN (17 May 2013)."X-47B Accomplishes First Ever Carrier Touch and Go aboard CVN 77".NNS130517-15.USS George H.W. Bush (CVN-77) Public Affairs.Archivedfrom the original on 4 June 2013.Retrieved17 May2013.The Navy's X-47B Unmanned Combat Air System Demonstrator (UCAS-D) has begun touch and go landing operations aboard the aircraft carrier USSGeorge H.W. Bush(CVN 77) May 17.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  42. ^Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Derrik Noack, USN (24 May 2013)."USSGeorge H.W. BushCompletes Historic Underway ".NNS130524-11.USS George H.W. Bush (CVN-77) Public Affairs.Archivedfrom the original on 6 March 2014.Retrieved29 May2013.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  43. ^Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Brandon Vinson (10 July 2013)."X-47B Makes First Arrested Landing at Sea".NNS130710-06.USS George H.W. Bush Public Affairs.Archivedfrom the original on 14 July 2013.Retrieved10 July2013.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  44. ^"Glitch forces Navy drone to abort carrier landing".The Virginian-Pilot.12 July 2012.Archivedfrom the original on 13 July 2013.Retrieved12 July2013.
  45. ^"Navy: Glitch in X-47B Test Only Proves Unmanned Aircraft's Reliability".National Defense. 11 July 2013. Archived fromthe originalon 7 February 2016.
  46. ^Christopher P. Cavas (16 July 2013)."X-47B Fails Fourth Landing Attempt".Navy Times.Retrieved16 July2013.The aircraft developed technical issues while in flight from Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Md., to the ship and officials decided to abort the attempt before the X-47B reached the vicinity of the carrier, steaming off the U.S. east coast.
  47. ^"USS George H.W. Bush arrives in Greece".Navy Times.4 March 2014. Archived fromthe originalon 6 March 2014.Retrieved6 March2013.
  48. ^Boring, War Is (10 March 2014)."An American Flattop Is Just 500 Miles From Crimea".Archivedfrom the original on 12 November 2018.Retrieved24 December2018.
  49. ^Jeffrey Madlangbayan (9 March 2014)."USS George H.W. Bush Arrives in Turkey".United States Navy.Archivedfrom the original on 13 March 2014.Retrieved13 March2014.
  50. ^"USS George H.W Bush departs to Mediterranean".stripes.com.Archivedfrom the original on 23 March 2014.Retrieved10 August2014.
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  52. ^"US, Arab allies launch first wave of strikes in Syria".Fox News.Archived fromthe originalon 23 September 2014.Retrieved23 September2014.
  53. ^"USS George H.W. Bush Launches Anti-ISIS Strikes from Mediterranean".usni.org. 13 February 2017.
  54. ^"Royal Navy's New Supercarrier Trains Alongside Its US Counterpart for the First Time".The War Zone. 9 August 2017.
  55. ^"Chesapeake: L'Interopérabilité Franco-Américaine".avionslegendaires.net(in French). 13 May 2018.Archivedfrom the original on 13 May 2018.
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  58. ^abZiezulewicz, Geoff (31 July 2020)."'A small number' of carrier George HW Bush sailors test positive for COVID-19 ".Navy Times.Retrieved4 August2020.
  59. ^Schogol, Jeff (30 July 2020)."Sailors from the USSGeorge H.W. Bushhave COVID-19. The Navy won't say how many ".taskandpurpose.com.Retrieved4 August2020.
  60. ^Lopez, Christian (2 September 2020)."USS George H. W. Bush leaves Norfolk dry dock on time during its first major overhaul".Stars and Stripes.
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  64. ^Correll, Diana Stancy (25 April 2023)."USS George HW Bush returns to Norfolk after deployment".Navy Times.Retrieved19 December2023.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Dyer, Geoff (2014).Another Great Day at Sea: Life aboard the USS George H.W. Bush.New York: Pantheon Books.ISBN9780307911582.
[edit]
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