Victoria, Chile
Victoria | |
|---|---|
  Victoria Location in Chile | |
| Coordinates:38°14′S72°20′W/ 38.233°S 72.333°W | |
| Country | Chile |
| Region | La Araucanía |
| Province | Malleco |
| Founded | 1881 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| •Alcalde | Aaron Taylor (ILA) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,256 km2(485 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 334 m (1,096 ft) |
| Population (2012 Census)[3] | |
| • Total | 32,448 |
| • Density | 26/km2(67/sq mi) |
| •Urban | 23,977 |
| •Rural | 9,524 |
| Demonym | Victorienes |
| Sex | |
| • Men | 16,423 |
| • Women | 17,078 |
| Time zone | UTC−4(CLT) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−3(CLST) |
| Area code | 56 + 45 |
| Website | Official website(in Spanish) |
Victoriais acityandcommuneinMalleco ProvinceofLa Araucanía Region,Chile.It is the second most populous city in theMalleco Province,and is the gateway to the area known as Araucanía Andina, with attractions such as theTolhuaca National Park,the Tolhuaca Hot Springs,Malalcahuello National Reserve,and the communes ofCuracautínandLonquimay.The climate is influenced by the vicinity of thetemperate rainforestin Chile.
History
[edit]Victoria was founded in 1881 by Bernardo Muñoz Vargas by order of GeneralGregorio Urrutia,on a plateau overlooking theTraiguén Rivervalley.
The beginning
[edit]The city was extremely underdeveloped when it was first established in 1881, with only a few huts and a little amount of trade, mostly for the fort's garrison. In 1883, Swiss settlers arrived in Victoria.
The commander of the fort, Bernardo Muñoz Vargas was responsible for some of the early urban planning. Creating some dumps, open streets, and a wooden bridge crossing the nearby river Traiguén.
The Swiss settlers were followed by Germans in Valdivia, who established a mill and a brewery on the banks of Traiguén; and exploited the extensive virgin forest creating some sawmills.
Demographics
[edit]According to the 2002censusof theNational Statistics Institute,Victoria spans an area of 1,256 km2(485 sq mi) and has 33,501 inhabitants (16,423 men and 17,078 women). Of these, 23,977 (71.6%) lived inurban areasand 9,524 (28.4%) inrural areas.The population grew by 1.6% (522 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[3]
The main settlements of the commune are the city of Victoria and the villages ofSelva Oscura,PúaandQuino.[4]
Attractions
[edit]Some snowcapped volcanoes of theAndes,such as theTolhuaca,Lonquimay,Sierra Nevadaand theLlaima,can be seen from Victoria, forming an enormous backdrop for the city.
Economy
[edit]Its economy is based mainly on agriculture, livestock, dairy and export of agricultural products, forestry, trade and services. Its privileged location in the center of the Province, close to the regional capital,Temuco,permits an expedite connection with the main national routes such as railways andChile Route 5.It is also located halfway along the bi-oceanic corridor between thePacific OceanandArgentinaacross thePino Hachado Pass.
Administration
[edit]As a commune, Victoria is a third-leveladministrative division of Chileadministered by amunicipal council,headed by analcaldewho is directly elected every four years. The 2008-2012 alcalde is Hugo Monsalve Castillo (ILA).[1][2]
Within theelectoral divisions of Chile,Victoria is represented in theChamber of Deputiesby Enrique Estay (UDI) and Fuad Chahín (PDC) as part of the 49th electoral district, together withCuracautín,Lonquimay,Melipeuco,Vilcún,Lautaro,PerquencoandGalvarino.The commune is represented in theSenateby Alberto Espina Otero (RN) and Jaime Quintana Leal (PPD) as part of the 14th senatorial constituency (Araucanía-North).
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Victoria, elevation 360 m (1,180 ft) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.6 (78.1) |
26.1 (79.0) |
21.5 (70.7) |
17.5 (63.5) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.7 (51.3) |
10.1 (50.2) |
12.0 (53.6) |
14.3 (57.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
24.3 (75.7) |
17.8 (64.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 18.7 (65.7) |
18.1 (64.6) |
15.4 (59.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
9.4 (48.9) |
7.3 (45.1) |
6.8 (44.2) |
7.4 (45.3) |
9.5 (49.1) |
11.8 (53.2) |
15.5 (59.9) |
16.4 (61.5) |
12.4 (54.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.9 (46.2) |
7.9 (46.2) |
7.2 (45.0) |
5.3 (41.5) |
4.6 (40.3) |
3.6 (38.5) |
2.1 (35.8) |
2.4 (36.3) |
2.9 (37.2) |
4.2 (39.6) |
5.9 (42.6) |
7.2 (45.0) |
5.1 (41.2) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 74.2 (2.92) |
23.3 (0.92) |
51.7 (2.04) |
95.6 (3.76) |
214.6 (8.45) |
175.2 (6.90) |
245.1 (9.65) |
160.0 (6.30) |
98.9 (3.89) |
79.7 (3.14) |
57.4 (2.26) |
43.6 (1.72) |
1,319.3 (51.95) |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 62 | 61 | 66 | 77 | 89 | 92 | 85 | 84 | 82 | 79 | 70 | 62 | 76 |
| Source: Bioclimatografia de Chile[5] | |||||||||||||
References
[edit]- ^ab"Asociación Chilena de Municipalidades"(in Spanish).Retrieved7 February2011.
- ^ab"Municipality of Victoria"(in Spanish).Retrieved7 February2011.
- ^abcd"National Statistics Institute"(in Spanish).Retrieved13 December2010.
- ^"Ciudades, pueblos, aldeas y caceríos 2019"(PDF)(in Spanish). National Statistics Institute. 2019.Retrieved1 November2020.
- ^Hajek, Ernst; Castri, Francesco (1975)."Bioclimatografia de Chile"(PDF)(in Spanish). Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 22 November 2009.Retrieved27 May2024.
External links
[edit]- (in Spanish)Municipality of Victoria
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| National | |
