Jump to content

WKCF

Add links
Coordinates:28°35′12.6″N81°4′57.5″W/ 28.586833°N 81.082639°W/28.586833; -81.082639
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

WKCF
The CW logo in orange next to a black number 18 in sans-serif.
CityClermont, Florida
Channels
BrandingCW18
Programming
Affiliations
Ownership
Owner
WESH
History
First air date
December 8, 1988(35 years ago)(1988-12-08)
Former channel number(s)
  • Analog:68 (UHF, 1988–1991), 18 (UHF, 1991–2009)
  • Digital:17 (UHF, 2002–2020)
Technical information[1]
Licensing authority
FCC
Facility ID53465
ERP1,000 kW
HAAT510.8 m (1,676 ft)
Transmitter coordinates28°35′12.6″N81°4′57.5″W/ 28.586833°N 81.082639°W/28.586833; -81.082639
Links
Public license information
Websitewww.wesh.com/cw18

WKCF(channel 18) is atelevision stationlicensed toClermont, Florida,United States, serving theOrlandoarea as an affiliate ofThe CW.It is owned byHearst TelevisionalongsideDaytona Beach–licensedNBCaffiliateWESH(channel 2). The two stations share studios on North Wymore Road inEatonville;WKCF's transmitter is located inunincorporatedBithlo, Florida.

WKCF began broadcasting on channel 68 on December 8, 1988. It was anindependent stationowned by New Jersey–based Press Broadcasting, which had previously ownedWMODinMelbourneand struggled with an inadequate signal; the company saw WKCF as a transmitter upgrade for WMOD. Before channel 68 was even on the air, Press Broadcasting had reached a deal withBrevard Community Collegeto exchange channel 68 for channel 18, which had been a non-commercial allotment asWRES.After opposition from competing broadcasters, the swap was approved and took effect in October 1991, with WKCF moving to channel 18. Programming highlights of WKCF's first years on air includedOrlando Magicroad games, a kids' club known as theBuckaroo Club,and a 10 p.m. newscast produced by OrlandoCBSaffiliateWCPX-TV.

In 1995, WKCF became Orlando's affiliate ofThe WB.It was among the network's strongest affiliates throughout its tenure. Press Broadcasting moved the station to new studios inLake Maryin 1998 and sold it the next year toEmmis Communications.Ratings continued to rise, but the newscast was scrapped because its viewers were older than those of The WB. During this time, Emmis acquired a 50-percent stake in the syndicated national morning showThe Daily Buzzand moved production of the program fromDayton, Ohio,to the WKCF studios.

In 2006, WKCF was sold as part of Emmis's exit from television to Hearst-Argyle Television, and the station joined The CW upon the merger of The WB andUPN.WKCF's operation was integrated into that of WESH, including the introduction of morning and 10 p.m. newscasts.

History

[edit]

Early years on channel 68

[edit]
Further information:WEFS § Early years on channel 18 and swap to channel 68,andWVEN-TV

TheFederal Communications Commission(FCC) assigned channel 68 toClermontinLake Countyin September 1984.[2]By May 1985, the FCC had eight applications on file for the channel,[3]which the commission awarded to Channel 68 Inc. in October 1986. This group was a 13-investor consortium presided by Clermont councilman Nestor Cole and with Norris Woolfork—publisher ofThe Orlando Times,the city's Black newspaper—as a partner.[4]The group was reported by its own spokesman to be unsure whether it wanted its station to be oriented toward the Tampa or Orlando markets; it would operate as a Spanish-language station in Tampa or a general-entertainmentindependent stationin Orlando.[5]

In November 1987, Press Broadcasting—a division of theAsbury Park Pressnewspaper in New Jersey—announced it would purchase the channel 68 construction permit, then bearing the call sign WCLU, from Channel 68 Inc. For Press, acquiring the channel 68 permit was the first step in rectifying the problems it had experienced competing in the Central Florida television market. Press ownedWMOD(channel 43) inMelbourne,which it intended to be the second major independent station for Central Florida. In spite of a $7 million outlay on programming, it ran into considerable difficulty because WMOD's transmitter site could not provide adequate full-market coverage;[6][7]In part, this was because of aviation-related height limitations on its tower.[8]This prompted Press Broadcasting to lease 18 hours a day of airtime to theHome Shopping Network,which also received an option to buy the station in 1988.[9][6]Robert McAllan, the vice president of broadcasting for Press Broadcasting, declared that the channel 68 permit purchase "culminate[d] a two-year search for improved transmission facilities" for WMOD.[10]

The permit acquisition did not represent the entirety of Press's planned upgrade. Two months before acquiring the permit for WCLU, Press announced the acquisition and donation of a non-commercial educational station inCocoa,WRES(channel 18). This church-owned station was donated toBrevard Community Collegeas part of an agreement that gave the college financial incentives to participate in a channel swap with Press.[11][12]The deal foresaw that WMOD's channel 43 might not be the one with which WRES switched;[13]with the WCLU acquisition, it became clear that the swap would be between channels 18 and 68.[7]To acquire channel 68, Press sold WMOD to HSN.[6]

After several delays due to weather, channel 68 debuted as WKCF on December 8, 1988.[14][15]It broadcast from a transmitter inOrange City.The programming lineup included many of the shows that were in WMOD's inventory—a total of $14 million in movies and syndicated shows[16]—as well as a key sports attraction: 25 road games of the newOrlando Magicbasketball team for five years beginning in 1989.[17][18]

Move to channel 18

[edit]

Press Broadcasting and Brevard Community College then approached the FCC with the proposal to swap WKCF to channel 18 and WRES to channel 68. Two Orlando stations vehemently opposed the switch:WMFE-TV(channel 24), Orlando's public television station, andWOFL(channel 35), the market's established independent outlet. Both feared that the upgrades planned to channels 18 and 68 in the swap would create issues for them. WMFE feared that an upgraded WRES could become a competing public TV station, vying for viewers and donors with channel 24. WOFL believed Press Broadcasting had illegally controlled the channel 18 permit and that the two facilities did not serve the same area. Also objecting was a low-power TV station on channel 19 in Orlando, fearing displacement from the proposed WKCF facility in the Orlando-market tower farm atBithlo.[19][20]The FCC approved the proposal in December 1989,[21]affirming the decision in October 1990 after further appeals from WOFL. This allowed Press to pay for WRES to relocate to a new tower site.[22]

On October 7, 1991, the swap took place. WKCF moved to channel 18. WRES changed to channel 68 and simultaneously adopted the call sign WBCC.[23]For WKCF, the switch to channel 18 improved its signal coverage inBrevard County.[24]Prior to the swap, WKCF had relocated its offices from a facility on Adanson Street to one on Courtland Street, nearInterstate 4.[25][24]

WKCF started producing a kids' club program calledThe Buckaroo Club,hosted by Tim Kincaid as "Ranger Bob", in April 1992.[26]Kincaid had created the character in 1980 atWUHFinRochester, New York;WKCF's promotion manager had previously worked at WUHF and lured Kincaid to Orlando. By August, WKCF had 30,000 Central Florida children in its kids' club, more than double its previous size.[27]Kincaid also created a late-nightmonster movieseries calledFriday Night with the GraveMaster,which aired for several months in 1992.[26]Buckaroo Clubnever attracted high ratings, and after several time changes, it was canceled in 1994.[28]

Press Broadcasting expanded its Orlando-market communications interests in 1993 with the acquisition of WWNZ-FM 104.1.[29]The company was never able to expand to a second radio station and sold the station, then known asWTKS-FM,toPaxson Communications Corporationin 1996.[30]

During the early 1990s, WKCF and Press Broadcasting emerged as the primary opposition to the construction of a new independent station in Orlando,WRBW(channel 65), which began airing in June 1994.[31]The much-delayed outlet had received a construction permit in 1990, but delays and objections by Press had kept the station off the air. Previously, Rainbow had lobbied against the channel swap.[32]When WRBW's antenna was installed on the same tower as WKCF, channel 18 refused to leave the air to protect workers on the mast from electromagnetic radiation, and the owner of the tower had to intercede and shut power to the WKCF transmitter.[31]In 1994, WKCF extended its deal with the Orlando Magic for another 5 years, now covering 30 road games a season.[33]

WB affiliation

[edit]

On January 11, 1995, WKCF became Orlando's affiliate of a new television network,The WB.[31]Over the course of the early and mid-1990s, WKCF became an increasing factor in the Orlando television market. The 1991 channel swap gave the station a more favorable number, and management negotiated lower channel positions on local cable systems. This dovetailed with an improved syndicated programming inventory and improved on-court performance for the Orlando Magic; even though it was still being beaten by WOFL in the ratings, WKCF was profitable for most of its history to 1996.[34]The station also improved its kids lineup and emphasized comedy reruns under programming and promotions director Chris Wolf, who had previously worked at WOFL.[35]

The station's early years as a WB affiliate brought changes in ownership structure as well as a studio relocation. The parent of Press Broadcasting, New Jersey Press, transferred its media properties into a new firm, Press Communications, in June 1997—two months before selling off theAsbury Park PresstoGannett.[36]The next year, WKCF relocated to the Orlando suburb ofLake Mary,building a 17,000-square-foot (1,600 m2) office and studio complex on a property that backed up to Interstate 4 and was adjacent to WOFL, its primary competitor. Only a line of pine trees separated the two stations.[37]

In 1999, WKCF was sold toEmmis Communicationsfor $191.5 million; Emmis noted its interest in WKCF as one of the top affiliates of The WB in a rapidly growing market, while Press cited a desire to focus on radio. Orlando instantly became the largest market in which Emmis owned television stations.[38][39]Emmis paid The WB for a 10-year renewal of its affiliation, the third station group to make such areverse compensationpayment to the network.[40]That fall, the Magic moved their games from WKCF to WRBW.[41]

The Lake Mary studios became a key piece of two Emmis strategies. In 2002, Lake Mary became the home of a consolidated master control facility for WKCF and three other Emmis stations:WVUEinNew Orleans;WALA-TVinMobile, Alabama;andWFTX-TVinFort Myers, Florida.[42]The next year, it acquired a 50-percent stake in the national morning showThe Daily Buzz,becoming an equal partner withACME Communications.[43]Emmis began airing Buzz on WKCF andWBPGin Mobile in December 2003. As part of the venture,The Daily Buzzshifted production fromWBDTinDayton, Ohio,to WKCF's studios in mid-2004.[44][45]MovingThe Daily Buzzto Lake Mary gave it access to more production capabilities and made it easier to attract quality guests for the program.[46]

Duopoly with WESH and CW affiliation

[edit]

Emmis securedThe CWaffiliation for WKCF in March 2006, shortly after the announcement that The WB andUPNwould merge for the fall television season. The announcement had been expected; WRBW was by then owned byFox Television Stations,whose UPN affiliates had all been bypassed by the merged network and which instead started a competitor,MyNetworkTV.[47]By that time, WKCF was on the market; Emmis began exiting television in 2005 and selling its stations.[48]

In May 2006, Emmis announced the sale of WKCF toHearst-Argyle Television,[a]owner of localNBCaffiliateWESH(channel 2), for $217.5 million. Emmis retained the Lake Mary facility and half-ownership ofThe Daily Buzzin the sale,[50]and WKCF relocated to WESH's studios inEatonville,which were renovated to add space for 40 staff associated with channel 18.[51]By 2008, WKCF was the highest-rated CW affiliate in the United States.[52]

News operation

[edit]
Further information:WESH § News operation

In 1991, WKCF began carrying a 10 p.m. newscast produced byWCPX(channel 6). The WCPX newscast had been started the year before for air on local cable systems.[53][54]Over time, the program evolved; in response to confusion from viewers, the WKCF newscast was given a separate look and feel, down to separate identifying microphone flags. By 1997, the arrangement saw WKCF sell six of the 11 advertising minutes and pay the news anchors, while WCPX sold the remainder and handled production.[55]

WKCF's newscast went from the only local 10p.m. news program in the market to one of three in the span of a year. In March 1997,WFTVdebuted a 10 p.m. newscast for WRBW,[56]and in March 1998, WOFL debuted its own 10 p.m. news offering.[57]The WKCF newscast began to promote itself as "The Original 10 O'Clock News".[58]

WESH took over news production for WKCF on January 1, 2001,[59]a change made in hopes of using the higher-rated WESH news department as a platform to boost ratings. Hedinger continued to anchor, with WESH news presenters joining him.[60]WKCF retained all of the advertising time in the new arrangement.[61]The newscast lasted less than two years before being canceled in September 2002.[62]Wayne Spracklin, WKCF's general manager, explained toMediaweekthat it had become too costly, was losing ratings ground to WOFL, and was mismatched with the younger viewers tuning in for WB prime time programming.[63]

WESH restored a news presence on WKCF in January 2007, when it debuted a two-hour morning news extension at 7 a.m.[64]On August 31, 2009, WKCF resumed a nightly 10p.m. newscast.[65]The program, initially a half-hour, expanded to a full hour in 2016.[66]

During theGeorge Zimmermantrial in 2013, WKCF's second subchannel was used to carry WESH's normal daytime lineup so WESH could air trial coverage.[67]

Technical information

[edit]

Subchannels

[edit]

The station's signal ismultiplexed:

Subchannels of WKCF[68]
Channel Res. Aspect Short name Programming
18.1 1080i 16:9 WKCF The CW
18.2 480i TCrime True Crime Network
18.3 Estrell Estrella TV
2.1 1080i 16:9 WESH NBC(WESH)
2.2 480i MeTV MeTV(WESH)
2.3 Story Story Television(WESH)
Broadcast on behalf of another station

WKCF is a participant in Orlando'sATSC 3.0(NextGen TV) deployment, which rolled out on July 1, 2021.[69]

Analog-to-digital conversion

[edit]

WKCF began airing a digital signal on June 1, 2002.[70]It ended regular programming on its analog signal, onUHFchannel 18, on June 12, 2009, as part of thefederally mandated transition from analog to digital television.[71]it continued to broadcast in digital on UHF channel 17, usingvirtual channel18.[72]

WKCF was one of three stations in the Orlando area (along with WKMG-TV and WOFL) to participate in the "Analog Nightlight"program, which lasted until WKCF's analog transmitter was shut down permanently on July 12, 2009.[73]

WKCF was repacked to channel 23 on January 16, 2020, as a result of the2016 United States wireless spectrum auction.[74][75]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^In 2009, the Hearst Corporation acquired Argyle's stake in the venture, took it private, and renamed it Hearst Television.[49]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Facility Technical Data for WKCF".Licensing and Management System.Federal Communications Commission.
  2. ^"Florida notes".The Miami News.Miami, Florida. July 12, 1984. p. 12A.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^Campbell, Ramsey (April 5, 1985)."FCC receives 8 applications for Lake television station".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. B-4.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^Campbell, Ramsey (October 1, 1986)."Central Florida likely to get 3rd independent TV station".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. B-3.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^Ash, Jim (October 9, 1986)."Investor group eyes Florida's TV market".Florida Today.Cocoa, Florida. p. 18C.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^abcStrother, Susan G. (February 22, 1988)."Tower of Power: New independent stations rise to challenge WOFL's supremacy".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. pp. Central Florida Business 1,20,21.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ab"Swap Shop".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. November 6, 1987. p. C-1.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^Hinman, Catherine (February 4, 1987)."WMOD will get new tower: TV station, federal agency work out differences".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. C-1.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^"Home Shopping Network signs pact with WMOD-TV".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. UPI. September 9, 1986. p. D-8.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^"Press Broadcasting Applies For Purchase".Press Journal.Vero Beach, Florida. Associated Press. November 8, 1987. p. 19A.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^Kayne, Roni Bea (September 11, 1987)."Ch. 43 donates educational station to BCC".Florida Today.Cocoa, Florida. p. 1B.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^"BCC may soon have TV station: Agreement with WMOD awaiting FCC approval".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. September 12, 1987. p. 34.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^"Press donates money to college".Asbury Park Press.Asbury Park, New Jersey. September 19, 1987. p. A6.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^"TV time".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. December 5, 1988. p. Central Florida Business 2.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^"WKCF".Television & Cable Factbook.2006. p. A-457.
  16. ^Strother, Susan G. (November 7, 1988)."Station tunes in to the Magic: New Channel 68 plans to lure viewers with basketball and Disney".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. Central Florida Business25.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  17. ^Strother, Susan G. (September 20, 1988)."New TV station to go on the air".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. pp. C-1,C-6.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^Dawson, Greg (December 1, 1988)."68 wants viewers to unplug, tune in".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. E-1.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  19. ^Strother, Susan G. (June 19, 1989)."Fuss over switching channels: 2 broadcast groups fight plan by Orlando, Cocoa TV stations".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. Central Florida Business 5.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  20. ^Amster, Sara-Ellen (July 10, 1989)."Channel swap plan causes flap: Orlando public station fears it stands to lose audience".Florida Today.Cocoa, Florida. pp. 1B,2B.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  21. ^Strother, Susan G. (December 4, 1989)."Going through the proper channels: FCC approves, but broadcasters may appeal the switch of stations".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. Central Florida Business 5.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  22. ^Solomon, Scott (October 3, 1990)."WKCF to enter market with swap".Florida Today.Cocoa, Florida. p. 19C.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  23. ^Harris, Joyce (October 5, 1991)."BCC station, WKCF to swap TV signals Monday".Florida Today.Cocoa, Florida. p. 15C.Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2024.RetrievedJune 14,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  24. ^abStrother, Susan G. (September 2, 1991)."Get ready to subtract 50 from 68: Channel swap to move WKCF to Channel 18, past residence of WRES".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. Central Florida Business 20.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  25. ^Strother, Susan G. (May 13, 1991)."Back on the airwaves: Imagination Station trying to find Central Florida outlet".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. Central Florida Business 19.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  26. ^abMoyer, Matthew (October 27, 2021)."Remembering circa-'90s TV horror host the GraveMaster, briefly Orlando's answer to Elvira".Orlando Weekly.RetrievedJune 4,2023.
  27. ^Hinman, Catherine (August 17, 1992)."Riding with Ranger Bob: Channel 18's 'Buckaroo Club' can boast a card-carrying posse of 30,000 youngsters".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. pp. D-1,D-2.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  28. ^Abbott, Jim (March 2, 1997)."What ever happened to... Ranger Bob, roundin' up his Buckaroo Club".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. Florida Magazine 5.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  29. ^Ward, John T. (January 15, 1993)."Orlando area served: Press unit to buy Florida radio station".Asbury Park Press.Asbury Park, New Jersey. p. C15.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  30. ^Fazzi, Raymond (June 6, 1996)."N.J. 101.5 owner sells Fla. station".The Central New Jersey Home News.New Brunswick, New Jersey. p. C7.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  31. ^abcStutzman, Rene (January 16, 1995)."2 stations add new networks to arsenals: Local broadcasters look to WB, UPN to boost market share, revenue".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. Central Florida Business 13.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  32. ^Stutzman, Rene (March 17, 1994)."Broadcasting brouhaha: Channel 65 nears deadline to hit airwaves".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. B-1, B-6.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  33. ^Diaz, George (August 10, 1994)."Magic, WKCF-TV announce 5-year contact extension".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. D-2.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  34. ^Brinkmoeller, Tom (May 17, 1996). "Competitors are watching WKCF get better-known".Orlando Business Journal.p. 19.GaleA18635193.
  35. ^Stutzman, Rene (February 26, 1996)."Director back as competitor: Programming chief molds WKCF success after his WOFL work".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. Central Florida Business 9.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  36. ^Rolnick, Josh (August 7, 1997)."Gannett Buys Asbury Park Press".The Herald-News.Passaic, New Jersey. Associated Press. pp. D1,D4.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  37. ^Fontenay, Blake (March 6, 1998)."WKCF to get a closer look at its broadcast competitor".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. pp. B-1,B-4.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  38. ^"Orlando TV station sold to Emmis in cash deal".The Indianapolis Star.Indianapolis, Indiana. June 4, 1999. p. C16.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  39. ^Groeller, Greg (June 4, 1999)."Orlando's WB TV station sold: New owner to pay $191.5 million".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. pp. B-1,B-4.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  40. ^Freeman, Michael (July 15, 1999). "Emmis Pays WB to Secure Long-Term Deal in Orlando".Mediaweek.GaleAA55117755.
  41. ^Cunningham, Dave (September 29, 1999)."WRBW, Sunshine share Magic air".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. C-3.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  42. ^Kerschbaumer, Ken (April 1, 2002). "Emmis share hub".Broadcasting & Cable.pp. 48–49.ProQuest225279797.
  43. ^Bachman, Katy (November 24, 2003). "Emmis plugs into a half cut of Acme's The Daily Buzz".Mediaweek.p. 10.ProQuest213652309.
  44. ^Hoerig, Dennis (December 5, 2003). "Daily Buzz heads to Orlando's WKCF-TV".Orlando Business Journal.p. 3.ProQuest196393532.
  45. ^Boedeker, Hal (April 10, 2005)."Mayhem in the A.M."Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. pp. F1,F6.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  46. ^Ibold, Ken (July 1, 2005). "Breakfast Blend".Florida Trend.ProQuest212275867.
  47. ^"Channel 18 to join the CW".Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. March 2, 2006. p. C3.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  48. ^Smith, Erika D. (August 23, 2005)."9 Emmis TV outlets are sold: Sales net $681 million; 7 more are on the block".The Indianapolis Star.Indianapolis, Indiana. p. C1.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  49. ^Malone, Michael (June 3, 2009)."Hearst Moves On Merger".Broadcasting & Cable.Archivedfrom the original on April 7, 2023.RetrievedJuly 16,2023.
  50. ^Cobbs, Chris (May 9, 2006)."Channel 2 owner buys WB affiliate in Orlando".Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. pp. C1,C3.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  51. ^Davis Hudson, Eileen (July 10, 2006). "Orlando, Fla".Mediaweek.pp. 12–14.ProQuest213626781.
  52. ^Bachman, Katy (May 12, 2008). "Orlando, Fla".Mediaweek.p. 26.ProQuest213660883.
  53. ^Dawson, Greg (May 9, 1990)."A 10 p.m. broadcast: News without snooze?".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. E-1.Archivedfrom the original on February 26, 2024.RetrievedFebruary 25,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  54. ^Dawson, Greg (June 5, 1991)."'Northern Exposure': Good news, bad news ".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. E-1.Archivedfrom the original on February 25, 2024.RetrievedFebruary 25,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  55. ^"Newscast-for-Hire in Orlando: Cox's ABC affiliate to produce 10 p.m. show for indie WRBW".Mediaweek.February 17, 1997. p. 8.ProQuest213628729.
  56. ^Abbott, Jim (March 21, 1997)."WRBW starting 10 p.m. newscast with some help from Channel 9".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. A-2.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  57. ^"WOFL jazzes up 10 o'clock news to lure young Fox watchers".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. March 2, 1998. p. 78.Archivedfrom the original on April 5, 2024.RetrievedApril 5,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  58. ^Boedeker, Hal (April 2, 1998)."Film at 10: A look at the early late news".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. pp. E-1,E-2.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  59. ^Abbott, Jim (January 6, 2001)."Winds of change at WKMG—Gale leaves anchor position".The Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. p. E12.Archivedfrom the original on February 26, 2024.RetrievedFebruary 25,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  60. ^Davis Hudson, Eileen (January 1, 2001). "Orlando, Fla".Mediaweek.pp. 13–16.ProQuest213636484.
  61. ^Mervine, Bob (October 27, 2000). "Hedinger, Stebbins pair on newscast".Orlando Business Journal.p. 15.ProQuest196383984.
  62. ^Boedeker, Hal (September 16, 2002)."'Original 10:00 Newscast' signs off: TV veteran Bud Hedinger has a sentimental evening as Seinfeld ".Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. pp. E1,E2.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  63. ^Case, Tony (January 6, 2003). "Orlando, Fla".Mediaweek.pp. 10–19.ProQuest213661845.
  64. ^"Morning news competition is heating up".Orlando Sentinel.Orlando, Florida. January 12, 2007. p. C12.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024– via Newspapers.com.
  65. ^"Martha Sugalski, Jim Payne to anchor 10 p.m. news on Channel 18".Archived fromthe originalon October 20, 2012.RetrievedAugust 21,2009.
  66. ^Boedeker, Hal (December 31, 2015). "WESH expands news, shifts anchors".Orlando Sentinel.p. A2.ProQuest1752582857.
  67. ^Boedeker, Hal (June 21, 2013)."George Zimmerman trial to rearrange daytime lineup".Orlando Sentinel.Archivedfrom the original on June 27, 2013.RetrievedJune 26,2013.
  68. ^"Digital TV Market Listing for WKCF".RabbitEars.RetrievedJanuary 26,2017.
  69. ^Lafayette, Jon (July 1, 2021)."Orlando Stations Broadcasting Using New ATSC 3.0 Signal".Broadcasting & Cable.Archivedfrom the original on November 26, 2022.RetrievedFebruary 26,2024.
  70. ^"WKCF-DT".Television & Cable Factbook.2006. p. A-458.
  71. ^Best, Keilani (June 11, 2009)."Ready or not, 'D' day is near: Unprepared viewers to be left in the dark as TV switches to digital Friday".Florida Today.pp. 8C,7C.Archivedfrom the original on August 5, 2023.RetrievedAugust 5,2023– via Newspapers.com.
  72. ^"DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and Second Rounds"(PDF).Federal Communications Commission. May 23, 2006. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on August 29, 2013.RetrievedAugust 29,2021.
  73. ^"UPDATED List of Participants in the Analog Nightlight Program"(PDF).Federal Communications Commission. June 12, 2009.RetrievedJune 3,2024.
  74. ^Boedeker, Hal (January 13, 2020)."Viewers who watch by antenna: Time to rescan".Orlando Sentinel.Archivedfrom the original on June 15, 2024.RetrievedJune 15,2024.
  75. ^"FCC TV Spectrum Phase Assignment Table"(CSV).Federal Communications Commission.April 13, 2017.Archivedfrom the original on April 17, 2017.RetrievedApril 17,2017.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WKCF&oldid=1246920614"