Bill Vander Zalm

Bill Vander Zalm
28thPremier of British Columbia
In office August 6, 1986 – April 2, 1991
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Lieutenant Governor	Robert G. Rogers David Lam
Preceded by	Bill Bennett
Succeeded by	Rita Johnston
29thMayor of Surrey
In office 1969 – December 11, 1975
Preceded by	W.E. Stagg
Succeeded by	Ed McKitka
Member of theBritish Columbia Legislative Assembly forRichmond
In office October 22, 1986 – October 17, 1991 Serving withNick Loenen
Preceded by	James Arthur Nielsen
Succeeded by	Riding Abolished
Member of theBritish Columbia Legislative Assembly forSurrey
In office December 11, 1975 – May 5, 1983 Serving withErnest Hall
Preceded by	Ernest Hall
Succeeded by	Rita Johnston William Earl Reid
Personal details
Born	Wilhelmus Nicholaas Theodore Marie van der Zalm (1934-05-29)May 29, 1934 Noordwijkerhout,Netherlands
Political party	Social Credit Party
Other political affiliations	British Columbia Reform Party
Spouse	Lillian Vander Zalm
Occupation	Businessman, politician

William Nicholas Vander Zalm(bornWilhelmus Nicholaas Theodore Marie van der Zalm;May 29, 1934) is a Dutch-born Canadian businessman andpolitician.He served as the 28thpremier of British Columbiafrom 1986 to 1991.

Early life

Wilhelmus Nicholaas Theodore Marie van der Zalm was born and raised inNoordwijkerhout,Netherlands.He emigrated to Canada afterWorld War II,settling in theFraser Valleyin 1947. After completing high school, he soldtulipbulbs and ultimately established himself in the nursery and gardening business.

Early political career

Vander Zalm was elected analdermanofSurreyin 1965 and served as the city'smayorfrom 1969 to 1975. His tenure was marked by his crackdown on welfare "deadbeats" (until the early 1970s, welfare in BC was a municipal responsibility).

Vander Zalm was originally a supporter of both theLiberal Party of Canadaand theBC Liberal Party.He sought election to theHouse of Commons of Canadain the1968 federal electionas a Liberal in Surrey. He lost by 4,445 votes. He was a candidate at the 1972provincial Liberal leadership convention,where he lost toDavid Anderson.He subsequently ran in the Surrey constituency for the Liberal Party in the 1972 provincial election. He joined theBC Social Credit Partyin 1974.

Social Credit MLA

Vander Zalm was first elected to theLegislative Assembly of British Columbiain the1975 electionfor the riding of Surrey (he would later represent Richmond after the 1986 election). The Socreds won back power after a three-year hiatus.

He served in the cabinet of PremierBill Bennettas minister of human resources from 1975 to 1978, where he continued his crusade againstwelfare fraud.

On June 22, 1978, theVictoria Daily Timespublished a political cartoon by Bob Bierman that portrayed the Minister of Human Resources as a grinningsadist,deliberately pulling the wings off flies. Vander Zalm launched legal action forlibel,Vander Zalm v. Times Publishers.Justice Craig Munroe of the BC Supreme Court awarded Vander Zalm $3,500 in damages. The decision was overturned by the BC Court of Appeal in 1980, which was praised by journalists as a victory for free speech. The original cartoon was purchased by the National Archives of Canada for $350.

Vander Zalm also served as Minister of Municipal Affairs and Transit from 1978 to 1981 and as Minister of Education from 1981 to 1983.

In 1983, Vander Zalm, as minister of education, personally intervened in the Smithers school board to suspend Madeleine Sauve without pay. Madeleine Sauve distributed, without the permission of either parents or the local school board, a questionnaire concerning "mutual masturbation, oral sex, use of pornography and prostitution" to a class of Grade 8 students in Smithers.

In 1984, he bought Fantasy Garden World, a theme park. The same year, he ran unsuccessfully for mayor ofVancouveras the candidate for theNon-Partisan Association.He lost toMike Harcourt,who was later the provincial NDP leader during most of Vander Zalm's tenure as premier.

Premier

See also:Vander Zalm ministry

In 1986, Premier Bennett announced he was retiring. Vander Zalm attracted considerable attention as he considered whether he would run for theleadership of the Social Credit Party.He generated more press from the race than the other candidates did. At the party's convention inWhistler, British Columbia,he prevailed over 11 other candidates by winning on the fourth ballot.

He was sworn in as premier just a month before the1986 election.During the subsequent provincial election campaign, "Vandermania" swept BC, and the Socreds easily won another term over the oppositionNew Democratic Party(NDP).

Vander Zalm promised a fresh start after the confrontational Bennett years. Once gaining a seat in the legislature, Vander Zalm filled most of the cabinet slots with MLAs who had languished on the backbench under Bennett. Vander Zalm decided to release the normally secret list of cabinet appointments to twoVancouver Sunreporters hours before the official announcement was to be made. Under his watch, the Socred government took a more social conservative hue. This didn’t sit well with more moderate Socreds, who began drifting to the previously moribund Liberals--a trend that would haunt Vander Zalm's successors later.

On July 7, 1987, during the first session of the34th Parliament,Vander Zalm's health ministerPeter Dueckintroduced the Health Statutes Amendment Act (Bill 34).This bill specified quarantine procedures for individuals with “serious reportable communicable disease."The bill was met with serious backlash and protest fromHIV/AIDS activismgroups likeACT UP,the Vancouver Lesbian Connection, and the Vancouver Persons With AIDS Coalition.The mobilization by activists in protest of the bill led to the formation of the Coalition for Responsible Health Legislation (CRHL) by Vancouver-based AIDS activists that led several actions for protest, but also education like safer sex workshops focused on preventing HIV transmission.The bill received Royal Assent on December 17, 1987, and was passed into law. The protests continued, but effort from theBC Civil Liberties Associationshifted to the modification of the bill, rather than discarding it completely.

The government of Premier Bill Vander Zalm refused to fund the 1990Gay Gamesin Vancouver and cited inappropriate usage of public resources.

In 1988, after the Supreme Court of Canada decision of R vs Morgentaler, the provinces were now expected to cover abortion. Vander Zalm, chose not to extend provincial medical coverage to abortion by citing that abortions were an elective procedure and not medically necessary.

Vander Zalm became embroiled in an alleged conflict of interest controversy over the sale of hisFantasy Gardensflower garden and theme park. The conflict of interest arose because the Taiwanese buyer,Tan Yu,was provided VIP treatment by members of the Vander Zalm Government prior to the sale. Adding fuel to the fire,Faye Leung,a Chinese-Canadian entrepreneur and the woman who brokered the deal, claimed that Vander Zalm was a "bad man" since the day she first met him and secretly recorded conversations she had with him, which were subsequently leaked to the media. Faye Leung, for her part in the affair would later be convicted of four counts of secret commissions over 100k, and one count of theft over 45k, and two counts of fraud in 1995 by the BC Court of Appeals.

Vander Zalm resigned in 1991 after a provincial conflict of interest report byTed Hughes,found that he had mixed private business with his public office in the sale of the Gardens. He was charged with criminal breach of trust, but was acquitted in BC Supreme Court in 1992. The judge ruled that Vander Zalm had acted in a manner that was "foolish, ill-advised and in apparent or real conflict of interest or breach of ethics", but that the prosecution had not proved its case beyond a reasonable doubt. It was revealed that during the sale of Fantasy Gardens, Vander Zalm had accepted $20,000 payment in cash from Tan Yu, the buyer of Fantasy Gardens, to which Vander Zalm said he took "for innocent reasons relating to travel and expenses incurred."

Vander Zalm was succeeded as premier by Deputy PremierRita Johnston,who defeated McCarthy in the race to replace him as Socred leader. Contrary to popular belief that the party would thrive under new leadership, Social Credit collapsed to a distant third in the1991 election,with the NDP returning to government and the Liberals becoming official opposition. The Social Credit Party were completely shut out of the legislature in the subsequent 1996 election and never again won seats.

Later career

Leadership of British Columbia Reform Party

Vander Zalm returned to politics in November 1999 when he was acclaimed as leader of theReform Party of British Columbia.

Shortly after, he ran for office by running in a December 1999 by-election inDelta South,but finished second, with 32.91% of the vote behind BC Liberal Party candidateVal Roddick,who received 59.63%, with the governing NDP finishing in a distant fourth place with just 2.44%, their worst showing ever.

He attempted to orchestrate a merger of the Reform Party with other right-wing parties, but ran into stiff opposition. Vander Zalm and supporters within the party would later merge with several other small right-wing parties to form theBritish Columbia Unity Party.The Reform Party was de-registered as a BC political party in 2001 and Vander Zalm retired from politics. He now lives inLadner.

Successful campaign against HST

Vander Zalm returned to the political spotlight in 2009, alongsideBill Tieleman,as a recurring critic of the provincial government's conversion of the Provincial Sales Tax to theHarmonized Sales Tax(HST). A series of populist rallies led to him becoming the official proponent, in accordance with theRecall and Initiative Act,of a petition seeking a referendum to cancel the HST. Vander Zalm established a website, FightHST, to promote the initiative.The provincial Liberal government countered Vander Zalm's campaign and devoted a section of their website to the positive aspects of the HST.

For the petition to be certified, there was a requirement to secure the signatures of a minimum of 10% of all registered voters on the provincial voters list in each riding in the province, no later than June 30, 2010.

On June 30, 2010, Vander Zalm delivered 85 boxes containing 705,643 signatures from voters in every riding across the province. Those signatures represented some 45% of votes cast in the 2009 provincial election.

On August 11, 2010,Elections BCverified the official anti-HST petition submitted by the province's Fight HST campaign.

Vander Zalm said he was pleased with the result, but "very disappointed" to learn the province's chief electoral officer would not act on the petition until all court proceedings involving the tax were complete. The anti-HST campaign turned its attention to a recall campaign for Liberal MLAs. Vander Zalm told reporters. "We will recall every Liberal MLA in the province, if that's what it takes." However, the initial attempts at recalls were unsuccessful.

On August 20, 2010, Chief JusticeRobert J. Baumanruled that the petition was valid. Bauman said Elections BC was correct when it approved the petition on August 11.

On September 14, 2010, it was announced areferendumwould be held September 24, 2011 on repealing the HST. PremierGordon Campbellstated a simple majority (50%+1) of those eligible and casting ballots would be sufficient for the government to cancel the HST if the referendum went against the government.

Elections BC conducted the referendum via mail-in ballot. The2011 British Columbia sales tax referendumwas conducted throughout June and July 2011.

The Question on the ballot was:Are you in favour of extinguishing the HST (Harmonized Sales Tax) and reinstating the PST (Provincial Sales Tax) in conjunction with the GST (Goods and Services Tax)? Yes or No

On August 26, 2011, Elections BC revealed the results of the referendum: 55% of 1.6 million voters in favour of abolishing the HST. The BC Liberals revealed a plan to re-instate the GST/PST system within 18 months, with a target date of March 31, 2013.

2012 defamation suit

In 2012, a BC Supreme Court judge and jury heard adefamationlawsuit lodged against Vander Zalm by retired conflict-of-interest commissionerTed Hughes.The former judge alleged that he had been defamed in Vander Zalm's 2008 self-published autobiography,For The People.The book suggested that Hughes, then in an interim appointment, may have conducted an unfair inquiry of Vander Zalm in 1991 by the prospect of achieving a permanent employment.

Vander Zalm defended the statements about Hughes, saying they had been fair comments, not facts, and that they had been made as a matter ofpublic interest.Vander Zalm was found liable and ordered to pay $60,000 in damages, with Hughes to pay his own costs.

Further reading

• Alan Twigg (1986).Vander Zalm: From Immigrant to Premier.Harbour Publishing.ISBN978-0-920080-30-6
• Gary Mason and Keith Baldrey (1989).Fantasyland: Inside the reign of Bill Vander Zalm.McGraw-Hill Ryerson.ISBN0-07-549868-5
• Steve Osborne and Mary Schendlinger (1989).Quotations from Chairman Zalm.Arsenal Pulp Press.ISBN978-0-88978-219-8
• Stan Persky (1989)Fantasy Government: Bill Vander Zalm and the Future of Social Credit.New Star Books.ISBN978-0-919573-98-7
• Graham Leslie (1991).Breach of Promise: Socred Ethics Under Vander Zalm.Harbour Publishing.ISBN978-1-55017-049-8
• Bill Vander Zalm (2008).For The People: Hindsight - Insight - Foresight: The Autobiography of British Columbia's 28th Premier.ASIN B0047I49ZS

External links

• CBC Archival footage of "Vander Zalm's Kingdom" from "The Journal"
• David Ingram interviews Bill Vander Zalm about his past including during World War II