Portal:Peru

Republic of Peru
*República del Perú* (Spanish)
Republic of Peru República del Perú (Spanish)
	Flag Coat of arms
Capital	Lima; 12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W / 12.0433°S 77.0283°W
ISO 3166 code	PE

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Introduction

Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At 1,285,216 km² (496,225 sq mi), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America.

Peruvian territory was home to several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 10th millennium BCE. Notable pre-colonial cultures and civilizations include the Caral–Supe civilization (the earliest civilization in the Americas and considered one of the cradles of civilization), the Nazca culture, the Wari and Tiwanaku empires, the Kingdom of Cusco, and the Inca Empire, the largest known state in the pre-Columbian Americas. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and Charles V established a viceroyalty with the official name of the Kingdom of Peru that encompassed most of its South American territories, with its capital in Lima. Higher education started in the Americas with the official establishment of the National University of San Marcos in Lima in 1551.

Peru's population includes Mestizos, Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechuan languages, Aymara, or other Indigenous languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as art, cuisine, literature, and music. (Full article...)

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Entries here consist of Good and Featured articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards.

Gagnon in 2010

Mariano Gagnon (born Joseph Theodore Gagnon; October 7, 1929 – April 28, 2017) was an American Franciscan friar and Catholic priest, who served as a missionary in Peru. Gagnon founded the Cutivereni mission in Peru's Ene River valley to assist the indigenous Asháninka people who were being forced out of their homes in the jungle by settlers. He would later become known for his work helping arm the Asháninka and eventually helping some Asháninka flee Cutivereni when it was facing attack from Shining Path guerrillas during the internal conflict in Peru. He later wrote about his experiences during the conflict in the book Warriors in Eden. (Full article...)

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Photo credit: Ericbronder

Public transport in Lima is handled by buses, micros, taxicabs, and the so-called mototaxis. Micros are the most common means of public transportation in Lima and many other cities in Peru. The word micro is used in common-day Peruvian Spanish as an abbreviation for microbus (minibus). These privately-owned vehicles are not only known for being very cheap and convenient but also for being rather risky. (more...)

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The Battle of (or Massacre at) Cajamarca (November 16, 1532) was a surprise attack on the Inca royal entourage orchestrated by Francisco Pizarro. Sprung in the evening in the great plaza of Cajamarca, the ambush claimed the lives of thousands of Incas and achieved the goal of capturing Emperor Atahualpa. The confrontation at Cajamarca was the culmination of a months-long struggle involving espionage, subterfuge, and diplomacy between Pizarro and the Inca via their respective envoys. Atahualpa had received the invaders from a position of immense strength. Encamped along the heights of Cajamarca with legions of battle-tested troops fresh from their victories in the civil war against his half-brother Huáscar, the Inca felt they had little to fear from Pizarro's tiny army, however exotic its dress and weaponry. In a calculated show of goodwill, Atahualpa had lured the adventurers deep into the heart of his mountain empire where any potential threat could be met with a show of force. (more...)

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In this month

September 8, 1995 - Anthropologist Johan Reinhard discovers the mummy Juanita near the summit of the volcano Ampato.

September 12, 1982 - The FIVB Women's World Championship Volleyball started in Lima.

September 15, 2007 - The Carancas impact event occurred when a large chondritic meteorite crashed near the village of Carancas.

September 23, 1821 - The National Anthem was first performed publicly in the Theater of Lima after a contest issued earlier that year by José de San Martín.

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General images

The following are images from various Peru-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Historical population of Peru (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 2Population map of Peru in 2007 (regional) (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 3Life expectancy in Peru since 1960 by gender (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 4Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru)
Image 5Peruvian girls (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 6Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru)
Image 7Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru)
Image 8Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:
  Peru-Bolivia
  Controlled by the United Restoration Army
  First Provisional Government of Peru
  Northern Peruvian Republic
  Second Provisional Government of Peru
  Provisional Government of Bolivia
  New Peruvian State
  New Bolivian State
  Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration
  De facto borders after the dissolution
  Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina
  Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina
(from History of Peru)
Image 9Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru)
Image 10Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru)
Image 11Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru)
Image 12Chinatown in Lima (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 13Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru)
Image 14Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru)
Image 15Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru)
Image 16The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru)
Image 17Peruvian Paso (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 18The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru)
Image 19Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru)
Image 20The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru)
Image 21Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:
  Peru-Bolivia
  Controlled by the United Restoration Army
  First Provisional Government of Peru
  Northern Peruvian Republic
  Second Provisional Government of Peru
  Provisional Government of Bolivia
  New Peruvian State
  New Bolivian State
  Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration
  De facto borders after the dissolution
  Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina
  Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina
(from History of Peru)
Image 22Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru)
Image 23Life expectancy in Peru since 1940 (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 24Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru)
Image 25Peruvian school children with an OLPC XO-1 laptop (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 26Ages pyramid of Peru in 2007 (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 27Peru's football team in 1970; the ethnic diversity of Peruvians is visible, with players showing African, Amerindian and European ancestry in various mixes. (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 28Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru)
Image 29Amerindian woman with child (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 30The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru)
Image 31Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru)

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Excavations at the site of Jisk'a Iru Muqu in 2002

Jisk'a Iru Muqu (Aymara, jisk'a small, iru a type of grass, (Festuca orthophylla), muqu knot; joint of a part of the reed, also spelled Jiskairumoko, Jisk'airumoko) is a pre-Columbian archaeological site 54 kilometers (34 mi) south-east of Puno, Peru. The site lies in the mountains at elevation 4,115 meters (13,500 feet), in the Aymara community of Jachacachi, adjacent to the Ilave River drainage, of the Lake Titicaca Basin, Peru. Occupation of Jisk'a Iru Muqu spans from the Late Archaic to the Formative. (Full article...)

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Did you know (auto-generated) - load new batch

... that Juan José Cabezudo was an openly gay chef and street-food seller in 19th-century Lima?
... that Naikilah Perusahaan Minang is the oldest operating autobus company in Indonesia?
... that Peruvian Viagra grows on the roots of plants?
... that Marcelino Gutiérrez was the only one of his brothers, who together led a rebellion against the president of Peru, to survive a subsequent riot?
... that the white-tailed jay found in Ecuador and Peru was once thought to have been brought to Mexico by pre-Columbian trade?
... that dominant males of Perugia's limia may be so preoccupied with fighting each other that the females end up mating with the subordinate males?
... that Peruvian foreign minister Manuel María Gálvez Egúsquiza was arrested by Chilean troops for refusing to sign peace with the cession of territory during the War of the Pacific?
... that Swedish naval officer Axel Lagerbielke was imprisoned in Lima for over a year, held in Callao and eventually escaped from Panama on an English packet boat to Jamaica?

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“

I am a free man. I feel as light as a feather.

”

Peruvian diplomat Javier Pérez de Cuéllar 1920–...

Wikiquote

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Basic facts & figures

National Symbol	Capital	Currency	Time zone	National Anthem	Language	Population census

Symbols of Peru	City of Lima	Sol		Somos libres	Spanish	33,726,000

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More did you know...

...that the 17th century Cuzco School (painting pictured), centered on Cusco, Peru, is considered the first organized artistic center in the New World?
...that Alan García was reelected as president in the 2006 general election twenty years after a first term marked by economic crisis and social unrest?
...that José Carlos Mariátegui, a journalist, political philosopher, and founder of the Peruvian Socialist Party, was self-taught?
...that around a quarter of all Peruvian Hairless Dogs are actually born with hair?
...that the Quelccaya Ice Cap, the largest glaciated area in the tropics, has lost approximately 20% of its area since 1978?

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Peru Topics

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This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly by JL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it is tagged (e.g. {{WikiProject Peru}}) or categorized correctly and wait for the next update. See WP:RECOG for configuration options.

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WikiProject Peru

South America	Latin America	Countries

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