1292
 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification.(August 2017) |
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1292 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births–Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments–Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1292 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1292 MCCXCII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2045 |
| Armenian calendar | 741 ԹՎ ՉԽԱ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6042 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1213–1214 |
| Bengali calendar | 699 |
| Berber calendar | 2242 |
| English Regnal year | 20Edw. 1– 21Edw. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1836 |
| Burmese calendar | 654 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6800–6801 |
| Chinese calendar | Tân mãoNăm (MetalRabbit) 3989 or 3782 — to — Nhâm Thìn năm (WaterDragon) 3990 or 3783 |
| Coptic calendar | 1008–1009 |
| Discordian calendar | 2458 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1284–1285 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5052–5053 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| -Vikram Samvat | 1348–1349 |
| -Shaka Samvat | 1213–1214 |
| -Kali Yuga | 4392–4393 |
| Holocene calendar | 11292 |
| Igbo calendar | 292–293 |
| Iranian calendar | 670–671 |
| Islamic calendar | 691–692 |
| Japanese calendar | Shōō5 ( chính ứng ５ năm ) |
| Javanese calendar | 1202–1203 |
| Julian calendar | 1292 MCCXCII |
| Korean calendar | 3625 |
| Minguo calendar | 620 beforeROC Dân trước 620 năm |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −176 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1834–1835 |
| Tibetan calendar | Âm kim thỏ năm (female Iron-Rabbit) 1418 or 1037 or 265 — to — Dương rồng nước năm (male Water-Dragon) 1419 or 1038 or 266 |
Year1292(MCCXCII) was aleap year starting on Tuesday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Asia
[edit]- Shanghai Countyis established[1]
- Kublai Khansends a Mongol expeditionary force (some 20,000 men) toJava.He collects an invasion fleet with some 500–1,000 ships and enough provisions for a year fromFu gian,JiangxiandHuguangin southernChina.The fleet travels pastChampa(modernVietnam) and theKarimata Islands.The Mongols land on Java, taking the capital ofKediri,but it proves impossible to hold.[2]
- KingMangrai(the Great) ofNgoenyangconquers and annexes theMonkingdom ofHariphunchai,creating a political union in the form of theLanna Kingdom.
- TheVaghela DynastyinGujarat(located along thewestern coastofIndia) is subjugated by theDeccanYadava DynastyofDaulatabad.
Britain
[edit]- November 17–John Balliolis selected by KingEdward I(Longshanks) as ruler ofScotlandatBerwick,from among 13competitors for the Crown of Scotland.Edward then treats John as apuppet rulerand Scotland as a vassal state, provoking theWars of Scottish Independence,commencing in1296.John is crowned atScone,onNovember 30,onSt. Andrew's Day.Scotland's castles are returned to the powerful magnates.[3][4]
- December– John Balliol is summoned by Edward I (Longshanks) toWestminsterto answer an appeal byMacduff of Fifeagainst a judgment imposed on him by the Scottish Parliament. John refuses to answer MacDuff's appeal, 'without consulting the people of his realm'. Edward asks for compensation for the violation of English law and demands to hand him over three Scottish castles as repayment for the crime committed.[5]
Europe
[edit]- May 5– The College of Electors selectAdolf,count of Nassau, as the new King of the Romans and successor of HabsburgRudolf Iwho had died the previous year. Adolf is forced to make wide-ranging concessions to the Electors to get elected. He is crowned king on June 24 in Aachen by the Archbishop of Cologne.
- June 24– Castilian forces led by KingSancho IV(the Brave) begin the siege ofTarifa,eleven newly built engines bombard the city constantly by land and sea. Meanwhile,Muhammad II,Nasrid ruler ofGranada,provides the army of Sancho with men, arms and also aid the blockade in theStrait of Gibraltar.Muhammad attacks Marinid outposts, and his forces seizeEsteponaon the coast to the west ofMálaga.Sancho conquers Tarifa after a siege of four months, onOctober 13.[6]
- December– Muhammad II sends ambassadors to the Castilian court to ask Sancho IV (the Brave) to surrender Tarifa. Sancho refuses to yield the city to Granada and Muhammad, feeling betrayed, switches sides to form an alliance with the Marinids.[7][8]
Levant
[edit]- Mamluk forces under SultanAl-Ashraf Khalilaccompanied by his vizierIbn al-Sal'usarrive inDamascus.Khalil travels viaAleppoto besiege the castle ofQal'at ar-Rum( "Castle of the Romans" ), which is the official seat ofStephen IV,patriarch ofArmenia.The Mamluks besiege the castle with more than 30 catapults and capture it after 30 days.[9]
- Al-Ashraf Khalil returns to Damascus and assembles an army to attackSis,the capital of theArmenian Kingdom of Cilicia.An Armenian embassy arrives in Damascus, and reaches a settlement with Khalil. The cities ofTil Hemdun,MarashandBehesniare given to the Mamluks in order to maintain peace.
- November–Michael IIbecomesSyriac Orthodoxpatriarch ofAntioch(until1312).[10]
By topic
[edit]Religion
[edit]- Spring – TheTaxatio Ecclesiastica,compiled in 1291–1292, is completed under the order of PopeNicholas IV.TheTaxatiois a detailed database valuation for ecclesiastical taxation of English, Welsh and Irish churches.
- April 4– Nicholas IV dies after a 4-year pontificate inRome.The cardinals assemble atPerugiato elect a new pope (1292–1294 papal election).
Births
[edit]- January 20–Elizabeth of Bohemia,queen ofBohemia(d.1330)
- January 29–Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya,Syrian polymath (d.1350)
- May 28–Philip of Castile,Spanishnoblemanand prince (d.1327)
- June 24–Otto the Mild,German nobleman and knight (d.1344)
- October 3–Eleanor de Clare,English noblewoman (d.1337)
- Chu Văn An,Vietnamese physician andmandarin(d.1370)
- Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen,Tibetan religious leader (d.1361)
- Elisenda of Montcada,queen andregentofAragon(d.1364)
- Evrard d'Orleans,FrenchGothicsculptor and painter (d.1357)
- Gerhard III(the Great), German nobleman and prince (d.1340)
- Henry IV(the Faithful), Polish nobleman and knight (d.1342)
- Henry Burghersh,English bishop and statesman (d. 1340)
- John VI(Kantakouzenos), Byzantine emperor (d.1383)
- John Grandisson,Englishchaplainand bishop (d.1369)
- John Marmion,Norman nobleman and knight (d.1335)
- Richard of Wallingford,English mathematician (d.1336)
- Robert de Stratford,English bishop and chancellor (d.1362)
- Saionji Neishi(orYasuko), Japanese court lady (d. 1337)
- Siemowit of Bytom,Polish nobleman and knight (d. 1342)
Deaths
[edit]- February 6–William VII,Italian nobleman and knight (b.1240)
- February 10–Maurice VI de Craon,French nobleman (b.1255)
- February 28–Hugh de Courtenay,English nobleman (b.1251)
- April 4–Nicholas IV,Italian pope of theCatholic Church(b.1227)
- April 16–Thibaud Gaudin,French nobleman and Grand Master
- May 2–Conrad II,German nobleman (House of Teck) (b.1235)
- May 8–Amato Ronconi,Italian monk,hermitand saint (b.1226)
- June 2–Rhys ap Maredudd,Welsh nobleman and prince (b.1250)
- July 24–Kinga of Poland,Hungarian princess andabbess(b.1224)
- September 25–Alice of Saluzzo,Savoyan noblewoman and co-ruler
- September 30–William I,German nobleman and co-ruler (b.1270)
- October 3–Benvenuta Bojani,Italian nun, mystic and saint (b.1254)
- October 14–John of Flanders,Flemish nobleman and prince-bishop
- October 20–Saionji Kisshi(orŌmiya-in), empress ofJapan(b.1225)
- October 25–Robert Burnell,English bishop and chancellor (b.1239)
- November 4–Euphrosyne of Opole,Polish noblewoman and regent
- December 8–John Peckham,English archbishop and writer (b.1230)
- Abraham Abulafia,Spanish scholar, philosopher and writer (b. 1240)
- As-Suwaydi,Syrian physician, pharmacologist and writer (b.1204)
- Beatrice of Savoy,Savoyan noblewoman (House of Savoy) (b. 1250)
- Bernard of Trilia,French monk, theologian and philosopher (b. 1240)
- Darmabala(Protector of the Law), Mongolian nobleman (b.1264)
- Gertrude of Hackeborn,German noblewoman and abbess (b.1232)
- Guiraut Riquier de Narbona,Frenchtroubadourand writer (b. 1230)
- Ingeborg of Sweden,Swedish princess (House of Bjälbo) (b.1263)
- Marjorie(orMargaret), Scottish noblewoman (suo jure) (b.1256)
- Roger Bacon,English monk, philosopher and scientist (b.1220)
References
[edit]- ^"Khu hành chính hoa (in Chinese)".Government of Shanghai.Archivedfrom the original on 5 May 2024.Retrieved4 January2024.
- ^Man, John (2007).Kublai Khan: The Mongol king who remade China,p. 281. London: Bantam Books.ISBN978-0-553-81718-8.
- ^Dunbar, Sir Archibald H.,Bt,Scottish Kings – A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005–1625,p. 115. Edinburgh, 1899.
- ^Lynch, Michael, ed. (February 24, 2011).The Oxford Companion to Scottish history.Oxford University Press. pp. 281–282.ISBN9780199693054.
- ^Armstrong, Pete (2003). Osprey:Stirling Bridge & Falkirk 1297–98,p. 9.ISBN1-84176-510-4.
- ^O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (2011).The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait,pp. 100–101. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.ISBN978-0-8122-2302-6.
- ^O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (2011).The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait,p. 102. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press.ISBN978-0-8122-2302-6.
- ^Kennedy, Hugh (2014).Muslim Spain and Portugal: A Political History of Al-Andalus,pp. 284–285. London: Routledge.ISBN978-1-317-87041-8.
- ^TheTemplar of Tyre,Chronicle (Getes des Chiprois). Published by Crawford, P., Ashgate Publishing. Ltd, Cyprus 2003.ISBN1-84014-618-4.
- ^Carlson, Thomas A. (2018).Christianity in Fifteenth-Century Iraq.Cambridge University Press. p. 267.