49 Pales

49 Pales
	Orbital diagram
Discovery
Discovered by	Hermann Goldschmidt
Discovery site	Paris Observatory
Discovery date	19 September 1857
Designations
Designation	(49) Pales
Pronunciation	/ˈpeɪliːz/
Named after	Pales
Minor planet category	Main belt
Adjectives	Palian/ˈpeɪliən/;Palilian/pəˈlɪliən/(adj. only)
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch23 March 2018 (JD2458200.5)
Aphelion	3.7989AU
Perihelion	2.4030 AU
Semi-major axis	3.10093 AU
Eccentricity	0.22507
Orbital period (sidereal)	1994.51 days (5.46 years)
Mean anomaly	169.53°
Inclination	3.17°
Longitude of ascending node	285.646°
Argument of perihelion	111.146°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions	149.80±3.8 km; Mean diameter
Mass	2.69×1018kg
Synodic rotation period	20.7057±0.0002 h; 20.705±0.002 h; 20.704±0.001 h;
Albedo	0.0597±0.003
Spectral type	C
Absolute magnitude(H)	7.8

49 Pales(/ˈpeɪliːz/) is a large, darkmain-belt asteroid.It was discovered by German-French astronomerHermann Goldschmidton 19 September 1857 from his balcony inParis.^[11]The asteroid is named afterPales,the goddess ofshepherdsinRoman mythology.Since it was discovered on the same night as48 Doris,geologistÉlie de Beaumontsuggested naming the two "The Twins".^[12]

The orbit of this asteroid has close to a 2:1commensurabilitywith the orbit ofJupiter.^[13]On 17 January 2000, this minor planet was observedoccultinga 9th magnitude star from seven locations. These timed chords across the silhouette allowed an estimate to be made of the object's dimensions,^[14]yielding a cross-section of251 km × 160 km.^[15]

Pales has been studied byradar.^[16]It has a rotation period of20.705±0.002 hand a lightcurve with an amplitude of 0.18 mag. The lightcurve shows 4 maxima and 4 minima per cycle, suggesting an irregular shape.^[7]The previously accepted period of 10.42 hours with 2 maxima and minima per cycle^[17]was proven to be wrong by Pilcher in 2016, showing that correct rotation periods still have not been found for all low-numbered asteroids.^[8]

References

^^a ^b"49 Pales".JPL Small-Body Database.Jet Propulsion Laboratory.Retrieved26 June2018.
^Noah Webster (1884)A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
^"(49) Pales".AstDyS.Italy:University of Pisa.Archived fromthe originalon 27 February 2012.Retrieved29 December2008.
^^a ^bTedesco; et al. (2004)."Supplemental IRAS Minor Planet Survey (SIMPS)".IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0.Planetary Data System.Archived fromthe originalon 17 August 2009.Retrieved29 December2008.
^Jim Baer (2008)."Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations".Personal Website. Archived fromthe originalon 29 January 2009.Retrieved29 December2008.
^Romeuf, David; Behrend, Raoul (7 January 2016)."Courbes de rotation d'astéroïdes et de comètes"(in French).Retrieved26 June2018.
^^a ^bPilcher, Frederick (2017)."Rotation Period Determinations for 49 Pales, 96 Aegle, 106 Dione 375 Ursula, and 576 Emanuela".Minor Planet Bulletin.Retrieved26 June2018.
^^a ^bPilcher, Frederick; Benishek, Vladimir; Klinglesmith, Daniel A. (2016)."Rotation Period, Color Indices, and H-G parameters for 49 Pales".Minor Planet Bulletin.Retrieved26 June2018.
^Neese (2005)."Asteroid Taxonomy".EAR-A-5-DDR-TAXONOMY-V5.0.Planetary Data System.Archived fromthe originalon 5 August 2009.Retrieved27 December2008.
^Tholen (2007)."Asteroid Absolute Magnitudes".EAR-A-5-DDR-ASTERMAG-V11.0.Planetary Data System.Archived fromthe originalon 16 August 2009.Retrieved29 December2008.
^"Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)–(5000)".IAU: Minor Planet Center.Archivedfrom the original on 2 February 2009.Retrieved29 December2008.
^Schmadel, Lutz(2003),Dictionary of minor planet names(fifth ed.), Germany: Springer, p. 19,ISBN 3-540-00238-3.
^Fernández, S.; Beaugé, C. (1988). "Asteroids in the 1:3:2 Commensurability". In Valtonen, Mauri (ed.).The Few Body Problem: Proceedings of the 96th Colloquium of the International Astronomical Union Held in Turku, Finland, June 14–19, 1987.Astrophysics and Space Science Library. Vol. 140. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 131–133.ISBN 9789027726803.
^Mizon, R. (April 2000). "'Your friendly local street light'".Journal of the British Astronomical Association.110(2): 62–63.Bibcode:2000JBAA..110R..62M.
^Dunham, D. W.; et al. (September 2002). "Asteroidal occultation results multiply helped by Hipparcos".Memorie della Società' Astronomica Italiana.73(3): 662.Bibcode:2002MmSAI..73..662D.
^"Radar-Detected Asteroids and Comets".NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research.Retrieved30 October2011.
^Schober, H. J.; et al. (April 1979), "Photoelectric photometry and rotation periods of three large and dark asteroids – 49 Pales, 88 Thisbe and 92 Undina",Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series,vol. 36, pp. 1–8,Bibcode:1979A&AS...36....1S.

External links

49 PalesatAstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- Ephemeris·Observation prediction·Orbital info·Proper elements·Observational info
49 Palesat theJPL Small-Body Database
- Close approach·Discovery·Ephemeris·Orbit diagram·Orbital elements·Physical parameters

[JPL-1] "49 Pales".JPL Small-Body Database.Jet Propulsion Laboratory.Retrieved26 June2018.

[2] Noah Webster (1884)A Practical Dictionary of the English Language

[3] "(49) Pales".AstDyS.Italy:University of Pisa.Archived fromthe originalon 27 February 2012.Retrieved29 December2008.

[SIMPS-4] Tedesco; et al. (2004)."Supplemental IRAS Minor Planet Survey (SIMPS)".IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0.Planetary Data System.Archived fromthe originalon 17 August 2009.Retrieved29 December2008.

[Baer-5] Jim Baer (2008)."Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations".Personal Website. Archived fromthe originalon 29 January 2009.Retrieved29 December2008.

[Behrend_2016web-6] Romeuf, David; Behrend, Raoul (7 January 2016)."Courbes de rotation d'astéroïdes et de comètes"(in French).Retrieved26 June2018.

[Pilcher2017-7] Pilcher, Frederick (2017)."Rotation Period Determinations for 49 Pales, 96 Aegle, 106 Dione 375 Ursula, and 576 Emanuela".Minor Planet Bulletin.Retrieved26 June2018.

[Pilcher2016-8] Pilcher, Frederick; Benishek, Vladimir; Klinglesmith, Daniel A. (2016)."Rotation Period, Color Indices, and H-G parameters for 49 Pales".Minor Planet Bulletin.Retrieved26 June2018.

[Neese-9] Neese (2005)."Asteroid Taxonomy".EAR-A-5-DDR-TAXONOMY-V5.0.Planetary Data System.Archived fromthe originalon 5 August 2009.Retrieved27 December2008.

[Tholen-10] Tholen (2007)."Asteroid Absolute Magnitudes".EAR-A-5-DDR-ASTERMAG-V11.0.Planetary Data System.Archived fromthe originalon 16 August 2009.Retrieved29 December2008.

[MPC-11] "Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)–(5000)".IAU: Minor Planet Center.Archivedfrom the original on 2 February 2009.Retrieved29 December2008.

[Schmadel2003-12] Schmadel, Lutz(2003),Dictionary of minor planet names(fifth ed.), Germany: Springer, p. 19,ISBN 3-540-00238-3.

[Fernández1987-13] Fernández, S.; Beaugé, C. (1988). "Asteroids in the 1:3:2 Commensurability". In Valtonen, Mauri (ed.).The Few Body Problem: Proceedings of the 96th Colloquium of the International Astronomical Union Held in Turku, Finland, June 14–19, 1987.Astrophysics and Space Science Library. Vol. 140. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 131–133.ISBN 9789027726803.

[Mizon2000-14] Mizon, R. (April 2000). "'Your friendly local street light'".Journal of the British Astronomical Association.110(2): 62–63.Bibcode:2000JBAA..110R..62M.

[Dunham2002-15] Dunham, D. W.; et al. (September 2002). "Asteroidal occultation results multiply helped by Hipparcos".Memorie della Società' Astronomica Italiana.73(3): 662.Bibcode:2002MmSAI..73..662D.

[detected-16] "Radar-Detected Asteroids and Comets".NASA/JPL Asteroid Radar Research.Retrieved30 October2011.

[Schober1979-17] Schober, H. J.; et al. (April 1979), "Photoelectric photometry and rotation periods of three large and dark asteroids – 49 Pales, 88 Thisbe and 92 Undina",Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series,vol. 36, pp. 1–8,Bibcode:1979A&AS...36....1S.

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