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Gambhiranata

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Gambhiranata
ArohanamSG₃M₁PN₃
AvarohanamN₃PM₁G₃S

Gambhiranatais arāgainCarnatic music(musical scale of South Indian classical music) andYakshaganawhere it is calledNaati.It is anaudavarāgam (orowdavarāga, meaning pentatonic scale). It is ajanyarāga (derived scale), as it does not have all the sevenswaras(musical notes).Gambhiranatais also known asShuddha Nata.[1]

Structure and Lakshana

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Gambhiranatascale withshadjamat C

Gambhiranatais a symmetric rāga that does not containrishabhamordhaivatam.It is a pentatonic scale (audava-audavaragam[1][2]in Carnatic music classification –audavameaning 'of 5'). Its ascending and descending scale structure (ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa) is as follows:

The notes used in this scale areshadjam, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamamandkakali nishadam(seeswarasin Carnatic musicfor details on below notation and terms).Gambhiranatais considered ajanyarāgam ofChalanata,the 36thMelakartarāgam, though it can be derived from 8 other melakarta rāgams, by dropping bothrishabhamanddhaivatam.

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Gambhiranatarāgam lends itself for elaboration due to the pentatonic nature and symmetricity of the scale. The mallari tune played inNadhaswaramat temple processions are set to this musical scale.[2]Here are some compositions set to this scale.

Film songs

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Language:Tamil

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Song Movie Composer Singer
Ventriduven Unnai(Ragamalika opening portion only) Agathiyar Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan T. M. Soundararajan,Sirkazhi Govindarajan
Maanikkka Theril Maragatha Thedi Vandha Mappillai M. S. Viswanathan T. M. Soundararajan,P. Susheela
Sandhana Punnagai Sindhiya(Gambhiranata based) Nadodi Raja Shankar–Ganesh S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,S. Janaki
Naan Iravil Ezhuthum(Gambhiranata based) Subha Muhuratham K.J. Yesudas,Kalyani Menon
Vaanampadi Jodi Sernthu(Gambhiranata based) Kuyile Kuyile Shyam K.J. Yesudas,Vani Jairam
Mahaganapathim Sindhu Bhairavi Illayaraja K.J. Yesudas
Mettioli Katrodu (Starts with Suddha Dhanyasi) Metti Illayaraja,S. Janaki(Humming only)
Kavithai Kelungal(Ragamalika) Punnagai Mannan Vani Jairam
Aala Asathum Kanni Rasi S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,Vani Jairam
Isai Paadu Nee Isai Paadum Thendral S. Janaki
Oh Oh Oh Kaalai Kuyilgale Unnai Vaazhthi Paadugiren
Holi Holi Raasukutti S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,S. Janaki
Innum Ennai (Gambeeranattai with Tilang) Singaravelan
Podu Thanthanathom Nalla Naal
Panivizhum Malar Vanam (in Chalanattai) Ninaivellam Nithya S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Inge Iraivan(In Jog) Sir.I Love You Mano,P. Susheela
Nan Deva devi Thangakkili Mano,Swarnalatha
Oru Pattampochi Kadhalukku Mariyadhai K.J. Yesudas,Sujatha
Naan Ondru Kettal Ilayaragam Arunmozhi,K.S. Chitra
Peigaley Nambathey Mahanadhi Kamal Haasan,Shanmugasundari
Sandhosha Kannire Uyire A. R. Rahman A. R. Rahman
Spiderman New Kunal Ganjawala,Sadhana Sargam
Narumugaiye Narumugaiye Iruvar P. Unnikrishnan,Bombay Jayashree
Vennila Vennila Asha Bhosle
Thom Thom Alli Thandha Vaanam Vidyasagar Hariharan,K.S. Chitra
Oru Nimidamaa Thithikudhe Tippu,Srivarthini
Thangamagan Indru Baashha Deva K.J. Yesudas,K.S. Chitra
Devi Devi Santharpam S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,Uma Ramanan
Irupathu Kodi Nilavugal Thulladha Manamum Thullum S. A. Rajkumar Hariharan
Mudhalam Santhippil Charlie Chaplin Bharani P. Unnikrishnan,Swarnalatha
Solaigal Ellam Pookkalai Parikkatheergal T. Rajendar S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,K.S. Chitra
Vasantham Paadi Vara Rail Payanangalil S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,S. Janaki
Sogam Eni Ellai Vaaname Ellai Maragathamani S. P. Balasubrahmanyam&Maragadha Mani(Chorus)
Uyire Uyire Vaanam Vasappadum Mahesh Mahadevan Hariharan,Ganga
Iyengaru Veetu Azhagey Anniyan Harris Jayaraj Hariharan,Harini
Chennai Senthamizh (copy of Mahaganapathim) M. Kumaran Son of Mahalakshmi Srikanth Deva Harish Raghavendra
Aagayam Kanatha Unakkum Enakkum Devi Sri Prasad S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Jingunamani Jilla D. Imman Ranjith,Sunidhi Chauhan
Ammukuttiye Gemini Ganeshanum Suruli Raajanum Pradeep Kumar
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Graha bhedam

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Gambhiranata'snotes when shifted usingGraha bhedam,yields another pentatonic rāgam,Bhupalam.Graha bhedamis the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting theshadjamto the next note in the rāgam. For more details and illustration of this concept referGraha bhedam on Gambhiranata.

  • Amritavarshiniis a rāgam which hasprati madhyamamin place of theshuddha madhyamam.See below table for more details.
  • Hamsadhvaniis a rāgam which haschathusruthi rishabhamin place of theshuddha madhyamam.See below table for more details.
Rāgam Śruti
Tonic
C D E F G A B C
Gambhiranata C S G3 M1 P N3 S'
Amritavarshini C S G3 M2 P N3 S'
Hamsadhvani C S R2 G3 P N3 S'

Grahabedam

Rāgam C D E F G A B C
Gambhiranata S G3 M1 P N3 S'
Bhupalam D1, S R1 G2 P D1
Hamsanadam P, N3 S R2 M2 P
M1, D2 N2 S G3 M1

Scale similarities

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  • Natais a rāgam which has scale ofChalanata,the 36thMelakartarāgam, in the ascending scale, while retaining the descending scale similar toGambhiranata.Itsārohaṇa-avarohaṇastructure is S R3 G3 M1 P D3 N3 S: S N3 P M1 G3 S

Notes

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  1. ^Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani:SGMPN
    • Western: C E F G B C
  2. ^Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani:NPMGS
    • Western: C B G F E C

References

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  1. ^abRaganidhiby P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
  2. ^abRagas in Carnatic musicby Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications