Gliese 414
| Observation data EpochJ2000EquinoxJ2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Ursa Major[note 1] |
| GJ 414 A[1] | |
| Right ascension | 11h11m05.17s |
| Declination | +30° 26′ 45.7″ |
| Apparent magnitude(V) | 8.864±0.012[2] |
| GJ 414 B[3] | |
| Right ascension | 11h11m02.54s |
| Declination | +30° 26′ 41.3″ |
| Apparent magnitude(V) | 10[3] |
| Characteristics | |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Spectral type | K7V[1] |
| B−Vcolor index | 1.255[2] |
| Variable type | None |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Spectral type | M2V[3] |
| B−Vcolor index | 2.41±0.34[2] |
| Variable type | None |
| Astrometry | |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Radial velocity(Rv) | −16.63[1]km/s |
| Proper motion(μ) | RA:591.622±0.0812mas/yr[4] Dec.:−197.247±0.0911mas/yr[4] |
| Parallax(π) | 84.1766 ± 0.0258mas[1] |
| Distance | 38.75 ± 0.01ly (11.880 ± 0.004pc) |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Radial velocity(Rv) | −15.34[3]km/s |
| Proper motion(μ) | RA:604.831±0.0806mas/yr[4] Dec.:−206.442±0.0751mas/yr[4] |
| Parallax(π) | 84.1554 ± 0.0200mas[3] |
| Distance | 38.756 ± 0.009ly (11.883 ± 0.003pc) |
| Details[2] | |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Mass | 0.65±0.08M☉ |
| Radius | 0.68±0.14R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.119±0.013L☉ |
| Habitable zoneinner limit | 0.37AU |
| Habitable zoneouter limit | 0.70 AU |
| Temperature | 4120±109K |
| Metallicity[Fe/H] | 0.24±0.1dex |
| Rotational velocity(vsini) | 3[5]km/s |
| Age | 12.4±5.2Gyr |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Mass | 0.542±0.022M☉ |
| Radius | 0.548±0.017R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.05L☉ |
| Temperature | 3663±70K |
| Metallicity[Fe/H] | 0.08±0.09dex |
| Age | 11.2±5.9Gyr |
| Other designations | |
| Position (relative to Gliese 414 A)[2] | |
| Component | Gliese 414 B |
| Angular distance | 34.34″ |
| Projected separation | 408AU |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
Gliese 414,also known asGJ 414,is abinary systemmade up of anorange dwarfand ared dwarf,located about 39light yearsfrom Earth, in the constellationUrsa Major.[6][note 1]With anapparent magnitudeof 8.31, it is not visible to thenaked eye.[4][6]The primary component of the system has two knownexoplanets.[7]
Characteristics
[edit]The main component of the system, Gliese 414 A, is a relatively activeorange dwarf,about 68% the size of the Sun and 65% its mass.[2]Its age is estimated at 12.4 billion years, about two and a half times the age of theSolar System.[2]It is orbited by two known exoplanets, calledGliese 414 AbandGliese 414 Ac.
The secondary component, Gliese 414 B, is ared dwarfof type M2V, that is 55% the size of the Sun and 54% its mass.[2]Unlike its companion star, Gliese 414 B is not orbited by any known planets.[6]
Thebinary starsystem is located in thenorthern hemisphere,approximately 38.8light yearsfrom Earth, in the direction of the constellationUrsa Major.[4][note 1]The closest star to the star system is CW Ursae Majoris, at a distance of 5.3 light-years.[6]
| Name | Distance (light-years) |
|---|---|
| CW Ursae Majoris | 5.3 |
| DS Leonis | 5.9 |
| 2MASS J10475+2124 | 7.8 |
| Gliese 1138 | 8.1 |
| Gliese 1134 | 8.3 |
Planetary system
[edit]The primary star, Gliese 414 A, is orbited by two exoplanets.[2]They were discovered in 2020 by analyzingradial velocitydata fromKeck'sHIRES instrumentand theAutomated Planet FinderatLick Observatory,as well asphotometricdata fromKELT.[7][8]
The innermost planet,Gliese 414 Ab,orbits its star at an average distance of 0.23astronomical units,making it close to the optimistichabitable zone.[2]Its orbit iseccentric(e = 0.45), which causes the distance from its star to vary from 0.13 to 0.34 AU, and itsequilibrium temperatureis calculated at 36°C.[2]With aminimum massof 7.6ME,it is likely to have a significantvolatile-rich envelope, thus being a poor candidate for habitability.[2][8]
The outermost planet,Gliese 414 Ac,is asuper-Neptunethat orbits its star at a greater distance of 1.4 astronomical units, which makes it a frigid planet, having an equilibrium temperature of about -150 °C.[2]It is a good candidate for futuredirect imagingmissions.[2][7][8]
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | ≥7.6+2.44 −2.19M🜨 |
0.232±0.01 | 50.8+0.01 −0.26 |
0.45+0.19 −0.22 |
— | 2.63+1.22 −0.85R🜨 |
| c | ≥53.83+9.18 −8.58M🜨 |
1.4+0.055 −0.06 |
749.83+4.35 −3.63 |
0.105+0.110 −0.703 |
— | 8.4+3.6 −2.5R🜨 |
See also
[edit]Notes and references
[edit]- ^abcdef"HD 97101".SIMBAD.RetrievedJanuary 16,2024.
- ^abcdefghijklmnDedrick, Cayla M.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Knutson, Heather A.; Howard, Andrew W.; Beatty, Thomas G.; Cargile, Phillip A.; Gaudi, B. Scott; Hirsch, Lea A.; Kuhn, Rudolf B.; Lund, Michael B.; James, David J.; Kosiarek, Molly R.; Pepper, Joshua; Petigura, Erik A.; Rodriguez, Joseph E. (January 2021)."Two Planets Straddling the Habitable Zone of the Nearby K Dwarf Gl 414A".The Astronomical Journal.161(2): 86.arXiv:2009.06503.Bibcode:2021AJ....161...86D.doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd0ef.ISSN1538-3881.
- ^abcde"HD 97101B".SIMBAD.RetrievedJanuary 16,2024.
- ^abcd"Gliese 414 Overview".NASA Exoplanet Archive.Archivedfrom the original on December 9, 2023.RetrievedDecember 13,2023.
- ^Nordström, B.; Mayor, M.; Andersen, J.; Holmberg, J.; Pont, F.; Jørgensen, B. R.; Olsen, E. H.; Udry, S.; Mowlavi, N. (2004-05-01)."The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of ∼14 000 F and G dwarfs".Astronomy and Astrophysics.418:989–1019.arXiv:astro-ph/0405198.Bibcode:2004A&A...418..989N.doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035959.ISSN0004-6361.Archivedfrom the original on 2022-09-22.Retrieved2024-06-07.
- ^abcde"★ Gliese 414".Stellar Catalog.Archivedfrom the original on 2023-12-13.Retrieved2023-12-14.
- ^abc"Open Exoplanet Catalogue - Gliese 414 Ab".openexoplanetcatalogue.Archivedfrom the original on 2023-12-14.Retrieved2023-12-14.
- ^abcAnderson, Natali (2020-09-21)."Astronomers Find Two Massive Exoplanets in Nearby Binary System | Astronomy | Sci-News".Sci.News: Breaking Science News.Archivedfrom the original on 2024-01-13.Retrieved2024-01-13.
