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Ibiza

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"Ebusus" redirects here. For the butterfly genus, seeEbusus(skipper).
This article is about the island. For the city, seeIbiza (city).For other uses, seeIbiza (disambiguation).

Ibiza
Native name:
Eivissa
Flag of Ibiza
Satellite view (2013)
Ibiza is located in Balearic Islands
Ibiza
Ibiza
Ibiza is located in Spain
Ibiza
Ibiza
Geography
LocationBalearic Sea
Coordinates38°59′N1°26′E/ 38.98°N 1.43°E/38.98; 1.43
ArchipelagoBalearic Islands,Pityusic Islands
Area571.6 km2(220.7 sq mi)
Highest elevation475 m (1558 ft)
Highest pointSa Talaiassa
Administration
Spain
Autonomous CommunityBalearic Islands
ProvinceBalearic Islands
Capital cityIbiza Town
Largest settlementIbiza Town(pop. 51,872)
GovernmentIsland Council of Ibiza
PresidentVicente Marí (PP)
Demographics
Population159,180 (1 January 2023)
Pop. density278.0/km2(720/sq mi)
LanguagesCatalan,Spanish
Map
Official nameIbiza, Biodiversity and Culture
TypeMixed
Criteriaii, iii, iv, ix, x
Designated1999(23rdsession)
Reference no.417
RegionSouthern Europe
Ibiza Insular Council Emblem

Ibiza(Spanish:[iˈβiθa];Catalan:Eivissa,locally[əjˈvisə];see below) is a Spanish island in theMediterranean Seaoff the eastern coast of theIberian Peninsula.It is 150 kilometres (93 miles) from the city ofValencia.It is the third largest of theBalearic Islandsin area, but the second-largest by population. Its largest settlements areIbiza Town(Catalan:Vila d'Eivissa,or simplyVila),Santa Eulària des Riu,andSant Antoni de Portmany.Its highest point, calledSa Talaiassa(or Sa Talaia), is 475 metres (1,558 feet)above sea level.

Ibiza is well known for itsnightlifeandelectronic dance musicclub scene in the summer, which attract large numbers of tourists. The island's government and the Spanish Tourist Office have worked toward promoting more family-oriented tourism.[1][2]

Ibiza is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[3]Ibiza and the nearby island ofFormenterato its south are called the Pine Islands, or "Pityuses".

Names

[edit]

InBritish English,the name is usually pronounced in an approximation of thePeninsular Spanishvariant (/ɪˈbiːθə/ib-EE-thə).[4]InAmerican Englishthe pronunciation is closer to theLatin American Spanishvariant (/ɪˈbiːzə/ib-EE-zə,[5]/iːˈbiːsə/ee-BEE-sə,[6][7][8]and so forth) and never pronounces the first syllable as a homophone of "eye".

Phoenician colonists called the islandI Boss imorIboshim(cf. Hebrew אִי־בּוֹשֵׂם, "Fragrance Island" ), likely due the abundance of aromatic plants on the island. Other speculation is (Phoenician:𐤀𐤉𐤁𐤔𐤌,ʾYBŠM,[9]"Dedicated toBes").[10][11]It was later known to Romans asEbusus.

Its name inSpanishisIbiza(pronounced[iˈβisa]in Latin America or[iˈβiθa]in Spain). TheCatalanname isEivissa(locally[əjˈvisə]).

TheGreekscalled the two islands of Ibiza andFormenterathePityoûssai(Πιτυοῦσσαι,probably meaning "Pine-Covered Islands" ).[12]The Catalan namePitiüsesand the Spanish namePitiusasretain this Greek root.

In the 18th and 19th centuries the island was known to the British and especially to theRoyal NavyasIvica,possibly from an older Spanish orthography with⟨ç⟩.[13]

History

[edit]
Ancient Greekaryballoifound in the necropolis of Puig des Molins. Museu de Puig des Molins, Ibiza

In 654 BC,Phoeniciansettlersfounded a port on Ibiza.With the decline of Phoenicia after theAssyrianinvasions, Ibiza came under the control ofCarthage,also a former Phoenician colony. The island produced dye, salt, fish sauce (garum) and wool.

A shrine with offerings to the goddessTanitwas established in the cave at Es Cuieram, and the rest of the Balearic Islands entered Eivissa's commercial orbit after 400 BC. Ibiza was a major trading post along the Mediterranean routes. Ibiza began establishing its own trading stations along the nearby Balearic island ofMajorca,such asNa Guardis,and "Na Galera" where numerous Balearic mercenaries hired on, no doubt asslingers,[a]to fight for Carthage.

During theSecond Punic War,the island was assaulted by the two Scipio brothers (PubliusandGnaeus) in 217 BC but remained loyal to Carthage. With the Carthaginian military failing on theIberianmainland, Ibiza was last used, 205 B.C, by the fleeing Carthaginian general Mago to gather supplies and men before sailing toMenorcaand then toLiguria.Ibiza negotiated a favorable treaty (Foedus) with theRomans,which spared Ibiza from further destruction and allowed it to continue its Carthaginian-Punic institutions, traditions and even coinage well into the Empire days, when it became an official Roman municipality.

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire and a brief period of firstVandaland thenByzantinerule, the island was conquered by theMuslimsin 902, the few remaining locals converted to Islam and Berber settlers came in. Under Islamic rule, Ibiza (Yabisah) came in close contact with the city ofDénia—the closest port in the nearby Iberian peninsula, located in theValencian Community—and the two areas were administered jointly by theTaifa of Déniafor some time (11th century).

View of the Old Town in 1960

Ibiza, together with the islands ofFormenteraandMenorca,were invaded by theNorwegianKingSigurd I of Norwayin the spring of 1110 onhis crusadetoJerusalem.The king had previously conquered the cities ofSintra,LisbonandAlcácer do Saland given them over toChristianrulers, in an effort to weaken theMuslimgrip on the Iberian peninsula. King Sigurd continued toSicilywhere he visited KingRoger II of Sicily.[15]

The island wasconqueredfor theCrown of Aragonin 1235.[16]The local Muslim population was deported, as was the case with neighboring Majorca and elsewhere, and Christians arrived from Girona. The island maintained its own self-government in several forms until 1715, when KingPhilip V of Spainabolished the local government's autonomy. The arrival of democracy in the late 1970s led to theStatute of Autonomy of the Balearic Islands.Today, the island is part of the Balearic Autonomous Community, along withMajorca,MenorcaandFormentera.

World Heritage Site

[edit]

Though primarily known for its party scene, large portions of the island are registered as UNESCOWorld Heritage Sites.[17]

A notable example includes the Renaissance walls of the old town of Ibiza City, which were awarded UNESCO World Heritage Status in 1999. They are one of the world's few Renaissance walls that were not demolished, and part of the medieval wall is still visible. There are some Ibizan cultural sites, such as the remains of the first Phoenician settlement atSa Caleta.Other sites are still under threat from the developers, such asSes Feixes Wetlands,but this site has now been recognised as a threatened environment, and it is expected that steps will be taken to preserve this wetland. The oceanic plantPosidonia oceanicais also part of UNESCO's World Heritage.

Geography

[edit]
See also:Pine Islands
Enlargeable, detailed map of Eivissa and Formentera

Ibiza is a rock island covering an area of 572.56 square kilometres (221.07 sq mi), almost one-sixth the size ofMajorca,but over five times larger thanMykonosin theGreek Isles,or 10 times larger thanManhattanin New York City.

Ibiza is the larger of a group of the western Balearic archipelago called thePityusic Islands(Pitiusas) or "Pine Islands" composed of itself andFormentera.The Balearic island chain includes over 50 islands, many of which are uninhabited. The highest point of the island isSa Talaiassa,also known as Sa Talaia or Sa Talaia de Sant Josep at 475 metres (1,558 ft).

Administration

[edit]

Ibiza is administratively part of theautonomous communityof theBalearic Islands,whose capital isPalma,on the island ofMajorca.Ibiza comprises five ofthe region's 67 municipalities:

Map Municipality Area in
square km 		Population
1 Nov 2011 		Population
1 Jan 2021 		Population
1 Jan 2023[18]
Sant Josep de sa Talaia(Spanish:San José) 159.4 24,079 29,015 30,340
Sant Antoni de Portmany(San Antonio Abad) 126.8 21,915 27,582 28,551
Sant Joan de Labritja(San Juan Bautista) 121.7 5,351 6,610 6,809
Santa Eulària des Riu(Santa Eulalia del Río) 153.6 33,699 40,413 41,608
Vila d'Eivissa(Ibiza) 11.1 48,550 50,566 51,872
Totals 572.6 133,594 154,186 159,180

At the2001 censusthese municipalities had a total population of 88,076 inhabitants, which had risen to an officially estimated total of 159,180 at the start of 2023,[19]and have a land area of 572.56 km2(221.07 sq mi).

The island's self-government institution is the Ibiza Island Council (Consell Insular d'Eivissa). Prior to its split in 2007,Formenterawas part of the council.[20]

Insular government

[edit]

Elections are held every four years concurrently withlocal elections.From 1983 to 2007, councilors were indirectly elected from the results of the election toParliament of the Balearic Islandsfor the constituencies ofIbizaandFormentera(then forming a single Island council, with Ibiza sending 12 councilors and Formentera a single one). Since 2007, however, separate direct elections are held to elect the Island Council of Ibiza, which has kept 13 as the number of seats (despite sending 12 to the Balearic Parliament).

Results of the elections to the former Island Council of Ibiza and Formentera

[edit]

Island Councilors of the Island Council of Ibiza and Formentera between 1978 and 2007
Key to parties
EVIB
COP
Pacte
PSIB–PSOE
FIEF
CDS
PDL
UCD
AIPF
PP
ICIF–CD
CP
AP–PL
Election Distribution President
1979[21]
2 4 6
Cosme Vidal Juan (ICIF–CD,CP)
1983
5 1 6
1987
5 1 7
Antoni Marí (PP)
1991
5 1 7
1995
1 4 1 7
1999
1 6 6
Pilar Costa (Pacte Progressista)
2003
5 1 7
Pere Palau (PP)
Split into the Island Councils of Ibiza andFormenterarespectively, with the 2007 Amendment of theStatue of Autonomycoming into effect.

Results of the elections to the Island Council of Ibiza

[edit]

Island Councilors of the Island Council of Ibiza since 2007
Key to parties
Podemos
United We Can–EUIB
PSOE–ExC
PSOE–PxE
PSIB–PSOE
Cs
PP
Vox
Election Distribution President
2007
7 6
Xico Tarrés (PSOE–ExC)
2011
5 8
Vicent Serra (PP)
2015
3 4 6
Vicente Torres (PSIB–PSOE)
2019
2 4 1 6
Vicente Marí (PP)
2023
1 3 8 1

Climate

[edit]

Ibiza has ahot semi-arid climate(Köppen:BSh), bordering on ahot-summer Mediterranean climate(Csa). The average annual temperature of Ibiza is 18.3 °C (65 °F), being warm and mild throughout the whole year. Ibiza lies at the same latitude asAtlantic City,yet it is much warmer for its location in theMediterranean Basin.The climate of Ibiza is typically warm, sunny and dry, with low variation between highs and lows. The sunshine hours of Ibiza are 2700-2800 per year, while the yearly rain amount goes from 400 to 450 millimetres (16 to 18 in). The average high temperature is 22.2 °C (72 °F), while the average low is 14.3 °C (58 °F). Winters are slightly rainy and mild, from November to April normally the whole island turns green for the seasonal rains. Summers are hot and fairly humid, but with very little rainfall. The few rainy days are often accompanied by thunderstorms. During the coldest month, January, the average high temperature is 15.7 °C (60 °F), while the average low is 8.1 °C (47 °F). In the warmest month, August, the average high temperature is 30.3 °C (87 °F), while the low is 22.2 °C (72 °F). Extreme temperatures are rare for the influence of the sea. The average temperature of the sea in Ibiza is 19.7 °C (67 °F)[22]and beach weather usually lasts 7 months, from May to November. The highest temperature ever recorded on Ibiza Airport is 40.7 °C (105 °F) on 13 August 2022.

Climate data for Eivissa Airport 6 metres (20 feet) (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 24.7
(76.5) 		23.5
(74.3) 		26.5
(79.7) 		27.8
(82.0) 		31.0
(87.8) 		36.5
(97.7) 		36.6
(97.9) 		36.6
(97.9) 		38.4
(101.1) 		32.0
(89.6) 		28.4
(83.1) 		23.8
(74.8) 		38.4
(101.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 15.7
(60.3) 		15.9
(60.6) 		17.7
(63.9) 		19.7
(67.5) 		22.7
(72.9) 		26.8
(80.2) 		29.7
(85.5) 		30.3
(86.5) 		27.7
(81.9) 		24.0
(75.2) 		19.6
(67.3) 		16.7
(62.1) 		22.2
(72.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 11.9
(53.4) 		12.1
(53.8) 		13.7
(56.7) 		15.6
(60.1) 		18.6
(65.5) 		22.6
(72.7) 		25.6
(78.1) 		26.3
(79.3) 		23.8
(74.8) 		20.2
(68.4) 		15.9
(60.6) 		13.1
(55.6) 		18.3
(64.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 8.1
(46.6) 		8.3
(46.9) 		9.6
(49.3) 		11.4
(52.5) 		14.6
(58.3) 		18.4
(65.1) 		21.4
(70.5) 		22.2
(72.0) 		19.9
(67.8) 		16.5
(61.7) 		12.3
(54.1) 		9.5
(49.1) 		14.3
(57.7)
Record low °C (°F) −1.2
(29.8) 		0.2
(32.4) 		1.0
(33.8) 		3.4
(38.1) 		7.6
(45.7) 		10.0
(50.0) 		15.9
(60.6) 		16.5
(61.7) 		12.1
(53.8) 		8.5
(47.3) 		2.4
(36.3) 		1.1
(34.0) 		−1.2
(29.8)
Averageprecipitationmm (inches) 37
(1.5) 		36
(1.4) 		27
(1.1) 		31
(1.2) 		27
(1.1) 		11
(0.4) 		5
(0.2) 		18
(0.7) 		57
(2.2) 		58
(2.3) 		53
(2.1) 		52
(2.0) 		413
(16.3)
Average precipitation days(≥ 1 mm) 5 5 3 4 3 1 1 2 4 6 6 5 45
Average snowy days 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
Mean monthlysunshine hours 162 166 211 246 272 299 334 305 236 205 157 151 2,744
Percentpossible sunshine 52 54 57 63 63 67 72 70 66 60 52 54 61
Source 1:Agencia Estatal de Meteorología[23]
Source 2:Agencia Estatal de Meteorología,[24]
Climate data for Ibiza
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average sea temperature °C (°F) 14.7
(58.5) 		14.3
(57.7) 		14.5
(58.0) 		16.3
(61.4) 		19.1
(66.3) 		22.5
(72.6) 		25.1
(77.1) 		26.2
(79.1) 		25.2
(77.4) 		22.7
(72.9) 		19.6
(67.3) 		16.6
(61.8) 		19.7
(67.5)
Mean daily daylight hours 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 15.0 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 12.2
Averageultraviolet index 2 3 5 6 8 9 9 8 6 4 3 2 5.4
Source #1: seatemperature.org[25]
Source #2: Weather Atlas[26]

People

[edit]

Demographically, Ibiza displays a very peculiar configuration, as census agencies diverge on exact figures. According to the 2001 national census, Ibiza had 88,076 inhabitants (against 76,000 in 1991, 64,000 in 1981, 45,000 in 1971, and 38,000 in 1961). However, by the 2011 national census, this had grown to 133,594, and at the Census of 2021 had reached 154,186. This rapid growth stems from the amnesty which incorporated a number of unregistered foreign migrants. In terms of origin, about 55 percent of island residents were born in Ibiza; 35 percent are domestic migrants from mainland Spain (mostly working-class families from Andalusia, and the remainder from Catalonia, Valencia and Castile); and the remaining 10 to 15 per cent are foreign, dual and multi-national citizens of the EU and abroad (Govern de les Illes Balears – IBAE 1996). In decreasing order, the most commonly visiting foreigners areGerman,British,Latin American,French,ItalianandDutch.

The Spanish composer and music theoristMiguel Roig-Francolíwas born in Ibiza,[27]as was the politician and Spain's former Minister of Foreign Affairs,Abel Matutes.[28]Notable former residents of Ibiza include: Spandau Ballet'sSteve Norman,English punk musicianSid Vicious,[29]comic actorTerry-Thomas,[30]Hungarian master forgerElmyr de Hory,[31]American authorsCormac McCarthyandClifford Irving.[32]

Language

[edit]

Eivissencis the native dialect ofCatalanthat is spoken on Ibiza and nearbyFormentera.Catalan shares co-official status withSpanish.Additionally, because of the influence of tourism andimmigrantsliving in or maintaining residences on the island, other languages, such as English, French, German and Italian, are widely spoken.[33]

Tourism

[edit]

Nightlife

[edit]
Sant Antoni, West End
Sunset at Café del Mar, Sant Antoni de Portmany
The nightclubs of Ibiza are internationally renowned
O Beach Ibiza is popular day club for pool parties

Ibiza is considered to be a popular tourist destination, especially due to its well-known and at times riotousnightclub-based nightlife centred on two areas:Ibiza Town,the island's capital on the southern shore andSant Antonito the west. Ibiza has garnered the reputation as the "Party Capital of the world".[34][35]

Nightlifein Ibiza has undergone several changes since the island's opening to international tourism in the late 1950s. Origins of today's club culture may be traced back tohippiegatherings held during the 1960s and 1970s.[citation needed]During these, people of various nationalities sharing the hippie ethos would regroup, talk, play music and occasionally takerecreational drugs.These would most often happen on beaches during the day, with nude bathing a common sight, and in rented country estates in the evenings or at nights. Apart from this confidential scene, which nevertheless attracted many foreigners to the island, local venues during the 1960s consisted mostly of bars, which would be the meeting points for Ibicencos, ex-pats, seafarers and tourists. The Estrella bar on the port and La Tierra in the old city of Eivissa were favourites.[36]

During the 1970s, a decade that saw the emergence of the contemporary nightclub, several venues opened and made a lasting impact on Ibiza's nightlife.[citation needed]Three of these original clubs are still in operation today:Pacha,Amnesiaand Es Paradís.[clarification needed]These four clubs mainly defined nightlife on the White Island, which has evolved and developed from several distinctive elements: open-air parties (Es Paradis, Privilege, Amnesia), held in isolated places, eventually old fincas (Pacha, Amnesia), that mixed in nudity and costume party (Es Paradis, Privilege, Pacha) and enabled people from various backgrounds to blend (all). The hippie ethos served as a common factor that infused all these venues and catalyzed the experience of a certain kind of freedom, accentuated by the holiday nature of most of the stays on the White Island.[citation needed]

During the 1980s, the music played in these clubs gained in reputation and became known asBalearic beat,a precursor of the Britishacid housescene. Asraveparties blossomed all over Europe, a DJ-driven club culture took hold of Ibizenca nightlife. It was at that time thatSpaceopened, thanks to Pepe Rosello, which found a niche in the after-hour parties.[37]The club would close at 18:00 and open again at 07:00, when all the other clubs were still closed, enabling party-goers to flock from the other clubs to Space and continue dancing in broad daylight.[37]

At the end of the 1990s, the after-hour parties took firm root on the island. In 1999, theCircolocoparties made their debut atDC10,with some of the original elements of Ibiza nightlife at the forefront.[citation needed]

In recent years, during the summer, top producers andDJsin dance music come to the island and play at the various clubs, in between touring to other international destinations. Some of the most famous DJs run their own weekly nights around the island. Many of these DJs use Ibiza as an outlet for presenting new songs within thehouse,tranceandtechnogenres ofelectronic dancemusic. The island has achieved fame as a cultural centre forhouseandtrancein particular, with its name often being used as a partialmetonymfor the particular flavour of electronic music originating there, much likeGoain India.[citation needed]

Since 2005, the live music eventIbiza Rockshas changed perceptions of the Ibiza party landscape.[38]Bands such asArctic Monkeys,Kasabian,The Prodigyand theKaiser Chiefshave played in the courtyard of the Ibiza Rocks Hotel.[39]

The season now traditionally begins at the end of April, where Opening Parties take place at Ibiza's clubs over the course of a three-week period. Opening Parties normally coincide with the culmination of theInternational Music Summit,a three-day conference promoting the electronic music industry, featuring speakers, masterclasses and performances, and co-hosted by Pete Tong and Jaguar. IMS has taken place on the island annually since 2007 and holds its closing party at the top of Dalt Vila.[40][41]The first clubs that host opening parties are normally Ushuaïa, Hï, Amnesia, and Pacha.[42]The first parties take place at the end of April, starting with the Hï and Ushuaïa Opening Parties, and the last parties occur around mid-October, usually being the Amnesia and Pacha Closing Parties.[43]

Other

[edit]

The island's government is in the process of making policy changes[when?]to encourage a more family-friendly and quieter tourism scene. These include rules such as the closing of all nightclubs by 06:00 at the latest and requiring all new hotels to be 5-star.[44]The administration wants to attract a more international mixture of tourists.[45][clarification needed][needs update]

The island's tourism is not always characterized by its nightlife. Visitors can take a hot-air balloon ride, surf, visit the Cave Can Mark, or go to Cap Blanc's Aquarium.[46]

Development

[edit]

Since the early days of mass tourism on the island, there have been a large number of development projects ranging from successful ventures, such as the super clubs atSpaceandPrivilege,to failed development projects, such asJosep Lluís Sert's abandoned hotel complex at Cala D'en Serra,[47]the half-completed and now demolished "Idea" nightclub inSant Antoni,[48]

Abandoned Festival Club lies in the hills above San José

and the ruins of a huge restaurant/nightclub in the hills nearSant Josepcalled "Festival Club" that only operated for three summer seasons in the early 1970s.[49]The transient nature of club-oriented tourism is most obvious in these ruins scattered all over the island. Local artist Irene de Andrès has tackled the difficult issue of the impact of mass tourism on the island local landscapes, both natural and cultural, in an ongoing project called "Donde nada ocurre" (Where nothing happens).[50]In 2013, Ibiza property prices generally remained above market value, and many of the development projects on the island have now been completed or continue, as well as some new projects announced at the end of 2012. Since 2009, Ibiza has received an increase in the number of tourists every year, with nearly 6 million people travelling throughIbiza Airportin 2012. The summer season has become concentrated between June and September, focusing on the "clubbing calendar"[51]which is currently booming. In recent years, the luxury market has dramatically improved, with new restaurants, clubs, and improvements to the marina in Ibiza Town.[52]

Ibiza's increased popularity has led to problems with potable water shortages and overrun infrastructure.[53]This has led to the imposition of a "Sustainable Tourism Tax" which went into effect on 1 July 2016.[54]Minister of Tourism Vincente Torres stated in an interview in 2016 that the government has instituted a moratorium on building in certain areas. He said that with almost 100,000 legal tourist beds and about 132,000 inhabitants on the island's 572 square kilometres (221 sq mi) not much more tourism can be supported.[54]

Transport

[edit]
Map of roads andIbiza Airport(on southern point) and water routes (click map to enlarge).

Ibiza has its ownairport,which has many international flights during the summer tourist season, especially from the European Union and the United Kingdom.

There are alsoferriesfrom the harbour of Sant Antoni and Ibiza Town toBarcelona,Majorca,Dénia,andValencia.There are also ferries to Formentera leaving Sant Antoni Harbour (normally every Wednesday), and daily from Ibiza Town, Santa Eulària, and Figueretes–Platja d'en Bossa.[55]

Several public buses also travel between Sant Antoni and Ibiza Town, every 15 minutes in summer and every half-hour in winter. In addition, there are buses from Sant Antoni to Cala Bassa, Cala Conta and Cala Tarida, and to the airport. From Ibiza there are buses to the Platja d'en Bossa, Ses Salines, the airport and Santa Eulària.[56]The late night bus line that stops at the various clubs is locally known as the Disco Bus.[57]

[edit]

A number of novels and other books have been written using Ibiza as the setting, including "The Canticle of Ibiza" by Justin Kurian, "The White Island" by Stephen Armstrong,Joshua Then and NowbyMordecai Richler,Soma BluesbyRobert Sheckley,[58]Vacation in IbizabyLawrence Schimel,[59]A Short Life on a Sunny 'sIsle: An Alphonse Dantan MysterybyHannah Blank,[60]They Are Ruining Ibizaby A. C. Greene,[61]andThe Python ProjectbyVictor Canning.[62]Books includingIbiza Bohemia,[63]which was published byAssouline,have explored the island itself with both photography and text, while other such asMemes Eivissencshave registered the traditions of their residents and their history in social media.

The third track onPrefab Sprout's 1990 albumJordan: The Comebackis 'Machine Gun Ibiza'.[64]It is also mentioned inDavid Bowie's 1971 track 'Life on Mars?', "See the mice in their million hordes, from Ibiza to theNorfolk Broads."[65]

InMonty Python's Flying Circus,the opening sketch of Episode 33 features the pilot Biggles. His secretary teasingly calls him "Señor Biggles", and Biggles protests, saying, "I've never even been to Spain." The secretary responds, "You went to Ibiza last year." Biggles counters, "That's still not grounds for calling me señor, or Don Beeg-les for that matter."[66]

Wham's1983 hit single"Club Tropicana"music video was filmed inIbiza.It was the first timeGeorge Michael&Andrew Ridgeleywould leave the UK.

Vengaboys' 1999 single "We're Going to Ibiza"reached number one on the singles chart in United Kingdom and the Netherlands. The song saw a resurgence in Austria in 2019 due to theIbiza affair.

The island is shown as the home of notorious art forger, Elmyr de Hory, in the 1973 docudramaF for FakebyOrson Welles.

The fourth track off ofThe Prodigy’ssixth studio albumThe Day Is My Enemyis titled Ibiza. The song has fast rapping and electronic beats. The rapping is performed by the band’s frontmanKeith Flint(died 2019).

In popular music, American singer-songwriterMike Posnerreleased "I Took a Pill in Ibiza"(alternatively known as" In Ibiza ", or its clean title" I Took a Plane to Ibiza ") in April 2015, as single on hisVevoaccount and in the exclusiveThe TruthEP; it was later released onAt Night, Alonein May 2016. Originally an acoustic guitar-basedfolk popsong, it was remixed by the Norwegian duoSeeBas atropical housedance popsong, and released digitally as a single in the United States on 24 July 2015. "I Took a Pill in Ibiza" peaked at #4 on theBillboardHot 100in the U.S.,[67]and reached #1 on seventeen other charts. Tourism officials in Ibiza were reportedly "annoyed" by the song's apparent reinforcement of drug culture associated with Ibiza in the past, and Tourism Director Vicent Ferrer subsequently invited Posner to witness the island's culture and how it contrasts with the party "typecast".[68]

[edit]
  • Las Puertas de Can Soleil
    Las Puertas de Can Soleil
  • Cala d'en Serra
    Cala d'en Serra
  • Platges de Comte
    Platges de Comte
  • Cova de Can Marçà
    Cova de Can Marçà
  • Time and Space sculpture
    Time and Space sculpture
  • Pukka Up boat party
    Pukka Up boat party
  • Ushuaïa Ibiza
    Ushuaïa Ibiza
  • Ibiza Rocks day club
    Ibiza Rocks day club

Explanatory notes

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  1. ^"The Rhodians, like the Baleares, were celebrated slingers." (Latin:Iam cui Tlepolemus sator, et cui Lindus origo, Funda bella ferens Balearis et alite plumbo.)[14]

References

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Citations

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General and cited references

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[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ibiza&oldid=1243277671"