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John Harbison

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

John Harris Harbison(born December 20, 1938) is an Americancomposerand academic.

Life

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John Harris Harbison was born on December 20, 1938, inOrange, New Jersey,to the historianElmore Harris Harbisonand Janet German Harbison. The Harbisons were a musical family; Elmore had studied composition in his youth and Janet wrote songs.[1]Harbison's sisters Helen and Margaret were musicians as well. He won the prestigiousBMI Foundation's Student Composer Awards for composition at the age of 16 in 1954. He studied music atHarvard University(BA 1960), where he sang with theHarvard Glee Club,and later at the Berlin Musikhochschule and atPrinceton(MFA 1963). He is anInstitute Professorof music at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology.He is a former student ofWalter PistonandRoger Sessions.His works include several symphonies, string quartets, and concerti for violin, viola, and double bass.

Harbison won thePulitzer Prizefor music in 1987 forThe Flight into Egypt,and in 1989 he received a $305,000MacArthur Fellowship.[2]In 1998, he received the 4th annualHeinz Awardin the Arts and Humanities.[3]He was awarded theHarvard Arts Medalin 2000.[4]In 2006, a recording of hisMottetti di Montalewas nominated for aGrammy Awardin the Best Small Ensemble Performance category.

TheMetropolitan Operacommissioned Harbison'sThe Great Gatsbyto celebrateJames Levine's 25th anniversary with the company. The opera premiered on December 20, 1999, conducted by Levine, withJerry Hadley,Dawn Upshaw,Susan Graham,Lorraine Hunt Lieberson,Mark Baker,Dwayne Croft,and Richard Paul Fink among the cast.[5]

In 1991, Harbison was the music director of theOjai Music Festivalin conjunction withPeter Maxwell Davies.He has served as principal guest conductor forEmmanuel MusicinBoston.[6]After founding directorCraig Smith's death in 2007, Harbison was named acting artistic director. Harbison and his wife, Rose Mary Harbison, a violinist, ran the Token Creek Chamber Music Festival from 1989 to 2022.[7]

Partial discography

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  • MirabaiSongs / Variations(1987). Northeastern Records NR 230-CD. Performed by Janice Felty, mezzo-soprano,Collage New Music Ensemble,conducted by John Harbison — Rose Mary Harbison, violin; David Satz, clarinet;Ursula Oppens,piano. Tracks 1-6:Mirabai Songs,text fromMirabai VersionsbyRobert Bly.Tracks 7-10:Variations,for violin, clarinet, and piano. Track listing:
  1. I. It's True, I Went to the Market
  2. II. All I Was Doing Was Breathing
  3. III. Why Mira Can't Go Back to Her Old House
  4. IV. Where Did You Go?
  5. V. The Clouds
  6. VI. Don't Go, Don't Go
  7. Variations i–v
  8. Variations vi–x
  9. Variations xi–xv
  10. Finale and Epilogue
  1. The Flight into Egypt,text from theKing James translationof the story of theFlight into Egyptin theGospel of Matthew
  2. The Natural World:Prelude
  3. Where We Must Look for Help, text fromRobert Bly
  4. On the Road Home, text fromWallace Stevens
  5. Milkweed, text fromJames Wright
  6. Concerto for Double Brass Choir and Orchestra:I. Invention on a Motif: Tempo giusto
  7. II. Invention on a Chord: Cantabile
  8. III. Invention on a Cadence: Molto allegro
  • At First Light(1998). Archetype Records 60106. Performed byLorraine Hunt,mezzo-soprano,Dawn Upshaw,soprano, Greenleaf Chamber Players, and Metamorphosen Chamber Orchestra, conducted by Scott Yoo. Tracks:
  1. Due Libri dei Mottetti di Montale
  2. Snow Country
  3. Chorale Cantata
  4. Concerto for Oboe, Clarinet, and Strings
  • John Harbison: Ulysses' Bow / Samuel Chapter(2004). First Edition ASIN: B0002RQ35C. Tracks:
  1. Ulysses' Bowballet performed byPittsburgh Symphony Orchestraand conducted byAndré Previn
  2. Samuel Chapterperformed bySusan Larson(soprano) and conducted by John Harbison
  • The Reawakening,String Quartet No. 3,Fantasia on a Ground,Thanks Victor(2001). Musica Omnia om0110. Lydian String Quartet, Dominique Labelle, soprano.
  • World Premiere Recordings: Violin Concerto, Recordare, Seven Motets (1997). Koch 3-7310-2-H1. Emmanuel Music, Craig Smith, conductor, Rose-Mary Harbison, violin.
  • Sessions: Symphony No. 2; Harbison: Symphony No. 2, Oboe Concerto (1994). London 443 376-2. San Francisco Symphony, Herbert Blomstedt, conductor, William Bennet, oboe.
  • String Quartet No.1/String Quartet No. 2/November 19, 1828(1992). Lydian String Quartet, Yehudi Wyner, piano.
  • Simple Daylight/Words from Patterson/Piano Quintet, (1999). Electra Nonesuch 79189-2. Boston Symphony Chamber Players, Gilbert Kalish, piano, Sanford Sylvan, baritone, Dawn Upshaw, soprano.
  • Four Psalms/Emerson(2004). New World Records 80613-2. Cantata Singers and Ensemble, David Hoose, conductor.
  • Mottetti di Montale(2005). Koch KIC-CD-7545. Collage New Music; David Hoose, music director; Janice Felty and Margaret Lattimore, mezzo-sopranos.[8]
  • Four Songs of Solitude/Variations/Twilight Music(2003) Naxos. Daniel Blumenthal, Jannine Jansen, Lars Wouters van der Oudenweijer, Bernhard Krug, Spectrum Concerts Berlin.

Works

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Operas

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Ballet

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  • Ulysses(1983)

Orchestral

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  • Incidental Music fromThe Merchant of Venice(1971), for string orchestra
  • Elegiac Songs(1974), for mezzo-soprano and chamber orchestra
    commissioned by the Fromm Music Foundation
  • Diotima(1976)[9]
    commissioned by the Koussevitzky Music Foundation in theLibrary of Congress
  • Piano Concerto (1978), for piano and chamber orchestra
    commissioned by theAmerican Composers OrchestraforRobert Miller
  • Snow Country(1979), for oboe and string orchestra
    commissioned byDr. Maurice Pechet,New England arts patron
  • Violin Concerto (1978–80), for violin and chamber orchestra
External videos
video iconJohn Harbison (on his Symphony No. 1),March 22, 1984, 4:20,Boston TV Digital Archive[10]

Choral

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  • In Spiritu: Prayer(1955), for a cappella male-voice choir
  • Ave Maria(1959), for a cappella S.S.A.A. choir
  • He Shall Not Cry(1959), for S.A. choir and organ
  • Five Songs of Experience(1971), for S.A.T.B. choir, two percussion and string quartet
    commissioned by theEmmanuel Episcopal Church, Bostonfor the Cantata Singers
  • Music When Soft Voices Die(1966), for S.A.T.B. choir and harpsichordororgan
    commissioned by the Cantata Singers
  • Nunc Dimittis(1975), for T.B. choir and piano
    commissioned by theHarvard Glee Club
  • The Flower-Fed Buffaloes(1976), for baritone solo, S.S.A.T.B.B. choir and instrumental ensemble
    commissioned by theNew York State Bar Association
  • The Flight into Egypt(1986), for soprano, baritone soli, S.A.T.B. choir and chamber orchestra
    commissioned by the Cantata Singers
  • Two Emmanuel Motets(1990), for a cappella S.A.T.B. choir
    commissioned by theEmmanuel Episcopal Church, Boston
  • Ave Verum Corpus(1991), for a cappella S.S.A.T.B. choir
    commissioned by theEmmanuel Choir, Bostonand theOjai Festival
  • O Magnum Mysterium(1991/92), for a cappella S.A.T.B. choir
    commissioned by Saturday Evening Brass
  • Veni Creator Spiritus(1992), for a cappella T.B. choir
    commissioned by the Rosalind Denny Lewis Music Library at theMassachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Communion Words(1994), for a cappella S.A.T.B. choir
  • Concerning Them Which Are Asleep(1994), for a cappella S.S.A.T.B.B. choir
  • Emerson(1995), a cappella S.A.T.B. double choir
    commissioned by theUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison School of Musicfor their 100th anniversary (1995)
  • Juste Judex(1995), for mezzo-soprano, baritone soli, S.A.T.B. choir and orchestra
    commissioned as part of theRequiem of Reconciliation
  • Evening (Der Abend)(1997), for a cappella S.A.T.B. double choir
  • Four Psalms(1998), for S.A.T.B. soli, S.A.T.B. choir and orchestra
    commissioned by theIsraeli Consulatefor theChicago Symphony
  • Psalm 137(1998), for a cappella S.A.T.B. choir
  • Requiem(1985–2002), for S.A.T.B. soli, S.A.T.B. choir and orchestra[16]
    commissioned by theBoston Symphony Orchestra
  • We do not live to ourselves(2002), for a cappella S.A.T.B. choir
  • Abraham(2004), for double S.A.T.B. choir and two large brass choirs[17]
    commissioned for thePapal Concert of Reconciliationin Rome for the Ankara Polyphonic Choir,London Philharmonic Choir,Krakow Philharmonic Choir and musicians from thePittsburgh Symphony
  • Charity Never Faileth(2004), for a cappella S.A.T.B. choir
  • Let Not Your Heart Be Troubled(2004), for a cappella S.A.T.B. choir
  • My Little Children, Let Us Not Love in Word(2004), for a cappella S.A.T.B. choir
    commissioned by the Cantata Singers
  • But Mary Stood(2005), for soprano solo, choir and string orchestra
    commissioned by the Cantata Singers
  • Umbrian Landscape with Saint(2005), for optional choir and chamber ensemble
    commissioned by the Chicago Chamber Musicians
  • A Clear Midnight(2007), for T.T.B.B. choir and five strings
    commissioned by the Georgina Joshi Foundation forIndiana Universityand the Pro Arte Singers
  • Madrigal(2007), for a cappella S.A.T.B.B. choir
    commissioned by the New York Virtuoso Singers
  • The Pool(2010), for S.A.T.B. choir and piano
  • Koussevitzky Said: Choral Scherzo with Orchestra(2012), for S.A.T.B. choir and orchestra: commissioned by the Boston Symphony Orchestra in Celebration of the 75th Anniversary of theTanglewood Music Festival
  • The Supper at Emmaus(2013), for S.A.T.B. choir, two oboes, bassoon, organ and string orchestra
  • Never Time(2015), for jazz choir and jazz band
  • Psalm 116(2016), for a cappella S.S.S.A.A.A.T.T.T.B.B.B. choir
    commissioned byChanticleer

Chamber

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  • Andante con moto(1955), for cello and piano
  • Duo(1961), for flute and piano
  • Canzonetta(1962), for bassoon quartet
  • Confinement(1965), for twelve players
    written for the Contemporary Chamber Ensemble andArthur Weisberg
  • Four Preludes from "December Music"(1967), for flexible instrumentation: 3 instruments – flute, violin, oboe, clarinet
  • Serenade (1968), for flute, clarinet, bass clarinet, violin, viola and cello
  • Piano Trio (1969), for violin, cello and piano
  • Bermuda Triangle(1970), for tenor saxophone, electric organ and amplified cello
    commissioned by the New York Camerata
  • Die Kurze(1970), for flute, clarinet, piano, violin and cello
    commissioned by the New York Composer's Forum
  • Snow Country(1979), for oboe and string quintet
    commissioned byDr. Maurice Pechet
  • Wind Quintet (1979), for flute, oboe, clarinet, horn and bassoon
    commissioned by theNaumburg Foundation
  • Due Libri(1980), for mezzo-soprano and nine players
    commissioned by the New York Philomusica andRobert Levin
  • Mottetti di Montale(1980), for mezzo-soprano and nine playersorpiano
    commissioned by New York Philomusica, theUniversity of OregonandCollage
  • Organum for Paul Fromm(1981), for glockenspiel, marimba, vibraphone, harpsichord and piano
    commissioned by theUniversity of Chicago
  • Piano Quintet (1981), for two violins, viola, cello and piano
    commissioned by theSanta Fe Chamber Music Festival
  • Exequien for Calvin Simmons(1982), for seven players
  • Overture: Michael Kohlhaas(1982), for twelve brass
  • Variations (1982), for clarinet, violin and piano
    commissioned by Frank Taplin for the Token Creek Festival,Wisconsin
  • String Quartet No. 1 (1985), for two violins, viola and cello
    commissioned by theCleveland Quartet
  • Twilight Music(1985), for horn, violin and piano
    commissioned by theChamber Music Society of Lincoln Center
  • Fanfare for Foley's(1986), for twelve brass and two percussion
  • Music for Eighteen Winds(1986)
    commissioned by theMassachusetts Institute of Technology
  • String Quartet No. 2 (1987), for two violins, viola and cello
  • Two Chorale Preludes for Advent (from "Christmas Vespers" )(1987), for brass quintet
  • Fantasy-Duo(1988), for violin and piano
    commissioned by theMcKim Fund in the Library of Congressfor David Abel and Julie Steinberg
  • Little Fantasy on "The Twelve Days of Christmas"(1988), for brass quintet
  • November 19, 1828(1988), for violin, viola, cello and piano
    commissioned by theNational Endowment for the Artsfor theAtlanta Chamber Players,theDa Capo Chamber PlayersandVoices of Change
  • Fanfares and Reflection(1990), for two violins
    commissioned by Token Creek Festival
  • Fourteen Fabled Folksongs(1992), for violin and marimba
  • Prelude (1993), for cello and piano
  • String Quartet No. 3 (1993), for two violins, viola and cello[18]
  • San Antonio(1994), for alto saxophone and piano
  • Thanks Victor(1994), for string quartet
    commissioned by the Lydian Quartet
  • Trio Sonata (1994), for three clarinetsorthree saxophonesoroboe, cor Anglais and bassoonorstring trio
  • Fanfare for a Free Man(1997), for three oboes and three bassoons
  • La Primavera di Sottoripa(1998), for mezzo-soprano and nine players
    commissioned by theSanta Fe Chamber Music Festival
  • North and South(2000), for soprano/mezzo-soprano and seven players[19]
    written forLorraine Hunt Lieberson
  • Six American Painters(2000), for flute/oboe, violin, viola and cello
    commissioned by the radio station WGUC Cincinnati
  • Chaconne(2001), for flute, clarinet, violin, cello and piano
  • String Quartet No. 4 (2002), for two violins, viola and cello
    commissioned by theSanta Fe Chamber Music Festival
  • Cucaraccia and Fugue(2003), for four violas
    commissioned by the Token Creek Festival
  • Trio II. (2003), for violin, cello and piano
    commissioned by the Harris Foundation,Chamber Music AmericaandMeet the Composerfor the Amelia Trio
  • Songs America Loves to Sing(2004), for flute, clarinet, piano, violin and cello
    commissioned by theAtlanta Chamber Playersand theDa Capo Chamber Players
  • Abu Ghraib(2006), for cello and piano
    commissioned by the Rockport Festival for Rhonda Rider andDavid Deveau
  • Deep Dances(2006), for cello and double bass
    commissioned by theBank of America Celebrity Seriesfor Rebecca Rice
  • French Horn Suite(2006), for four French horns
    commissioned by theMassachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Cortège: in memoriamDonald Sur(2008), for percussion sextet
    commissioned by theNew England Conservatory Percussion Ensemble
  • Diamond Watch(2010), for two pianos
    commissioned by theMassachusetts Institute of Technologyand Priscilla Myrick Diamond forPeter Diamondand pianistRobert Levin
  • Finale, Presto(2011), for two violins, viola and cello
  • Sonata No. 1(2011), for violin and piano[20]
  • String Quartet No. 5 (2011), for two violins, viola and cello
    written in honor of the 100th anniversary of thePro Arte Quartet
  • Crossroads(2012), for soprano or mezzo-soprano, oboe, two violins, viola, cello and double bassoroboe and string orchestra
  • Invention on a Theme of William Shakespeare(2012), for solo cello, two violins, viola and double bass
  • The Right to Pleasure(2013), for mezzo-soprano, two violins, viola, cello and double bassorpiano
  • String Trio (2013), for violin, viola and cello
    commissioned by Camerata Pacifica audience members
  • The Cross of Snow(2015), for countertenor and four violas da gambaortwo violins, viola and cello
    commissioned by William John Wartmann in memory of Joyce Frances Wartmann
  • Presences(2015), for cello solo, two violins, viola, cello and double bass
    commissioned by Charles Felsenthal in memory of David Anderson
  • Mark the Date(2016), for flute and piano
    commissioned by Asadour Santourian
  • The Nine Rasas(2016), for clarinet, viola and piano
  • String Quartet No. 6 (2016), for two violins, viola and cello
    commissioned by theLark Quartet,Telegraph Quartet andTanglewood Music Center
  • IF (monodrama for soprano and ensemble)(2017), for soprano and eight players[21]
    commissioned byBoston Musica Vivafor the 50th anniversary of Boston Musica Viva, theSanta Fe Chamber Music Festivaland theChamber Music Society of Lincoln Center
  • Sonata for Viola and Piano(2018), for viola and piano
    commissioned anonymously in honor of John Harbison's 80th birthday

Vocal

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  • Autumnal(1964), for alto and piano
  • Cantata III(1968), for soprano, two violins, viola and cello
  • Moments of Vision(1975), for soprano and tenor doubling handbells, alto recorder/sopranino recorder/bass recorder/alto krumhorn, lute/hurdy-gurdy/dulcimer and gamba
  • Samuel Chapter(1978), for high voice (woman or boy) and six players
  • Due Libri(1980), for mezzo-soprano and nine players
    commissioned by the New York Philomusica andRobert Levin
  • Mottetti di Montale(1980), for mezzo-soprano and nine playersorpiano
    commissioned by New York Philomusica, theUniversity of OregonandCollage
  • Mirabai Songs(1982), for soprano/mezzo-soprano and eight playersorpiano
  • The Rewaking(1991), for soprano and string quartet (text ofWilliam Carlos Williams)[22]
  • December 1(1995), for mezzo-soprano and chamber orchestra
  • La Primavera di Sottoripa(1998), for mezzo-soprano and nine players
    commissioned by theSanta Fe Chamber Music Festival
  • Il Saliscendi Bianco(1999), for mezzo-soprano and nine players
    commissioned byCollage
  • North and South(2000), for soprano/mezzo-soprano and seven players
    written forLorraine Hunt Lieberson
  • Ain't Goin' to Study War No More(2003), for baritone, two trumpets, snare drum and string orchestra
  • Milosz Songs(2006), for soprano and orchestra
  • Closer to My Own Life(2011), for mezzo-soprano and chamber orchestra
  • Crossroads(2012), for soprano or mezzo-soprano, oboe, two violins, viola, cello and double bassoroboe and string orchestra
    commissioned by theNew York PhilharmonicforDawn Upshaw
  • Seven Poems of Lorine Niedecker(2015), for soprano and piano
    composed in honor of theTanglewood Music Center's75th anniversary
  • IF (monodrama for soprano and ensemble)(2017), for soprano and eight players
    commissioned byBoston Musica Vivain honor of the 50th Anniversary of Boston Musica Viva, theSanta Fe Chamber Music Festival,and theChamber Music Society of Lincoln Center

Solo

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  • Sonata for Viola Alone(1961)
  • Amazing Grace(1972), for oboe
    commissioned by oboist Philip West
  • Four Occasional Pieces(1978), for piano
    written forAndré Previn,theSanta Fe Chamber Music Festivaland in memory of John Boros, respectively
  • Parody-Fantasia(1980), for piano
    adapted fromDecember Music
  • Four Songs of Solitude(1985), for violin[19]
    written for the composer's wife, Rose Mary Harbison
  • Four More Occasional Pieces(1987), for piano
    written forJoan Tower,Harriet Thiele, Rose Mary Harbison and Milo Feinberg, respectively
  • Sonata No. 1 –In Memoriam Roger Sessions(1987), for piano
    commissioned by theNational Endowment for the ArtsforRobert Shannon,Ursula OppensandAlan Feinberg
  • Suite (1993), for cello
  • Trio Sonata (1994), for pianoorharpsichordorfortepianoorelectric keyboard
    commissioned by theMassachusetts Institute of Technology
  • Gatsby Etudes(1999), for piano[19]
  • A Violist's Notebook, Book 1(1998–2000), for viola
  • Sonata No. 2 (2001), for piano
    commissioned byG. Schirmer Associated MusicforRobert Levin,to whom the work is dedicated
  • A Violist's Notebook, Book 2(2002), for viola
  • Montale Sketches(2002), for piano
    after three poems byEugenio Montale
  • Ten Micro-Waltzes(2004), for piano
  • Leonard Stein Anagrams(2009)
    written forLeonard Stein
  • For Violin Alone(2014), for violin[23]
    commissioned by92nd Street Y
  • Painting the Flowers Blue(2015), for violin
  • A Bag of Tails(2016), for piano
  • Nocturne(2018), for piano
    commissioned in honor of Linda Reichert’s tenure as Artistic Director of Network for New Music
  • Passage(2019), for piano
  • Suite for Solo Violin, on soggetti cavati(2019), for violin

References

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  1. ^"Janet G. H. Penfield".Obituaries.Town Topics.Vol. LVII, no. 4. Princeton. January 28, 2004.
  2. ^"John Harbison, Composer and Conductor: Class of 1989".MacArthur Foundation.1989-08-01.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  3. ^The Heinz Awards, John Harbison profile
  4. ^"History of the Harvard Arts Medal".Harvard University Office for the Arts.Retrieved23 February2019.
  5. ^Bernard Holland (1999-12-22)."Opera Review: Music Catering To the Words Of Fitzgerald".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  6. ^Tom Jacobs (2022-08-08)."John Harbison: From Child Prodigy to Elder Statesman".San Francisco Classical Voice.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  7. ^Jeromey Hodsdon (2022-08-27)."Harbisons host final year of Token Creek Chamber Music Festival".Sun Prairie Star.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  8. ^Anthony Tommasini (2005-11-06)."Astringent Modernism Below a Romantic Surface".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  9. ^Peter Dizikes (2021-11-18)."Q&A: John Harbison on his new album, 'Diotima'".MIT News.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  10. ^"Ten O'Clock News; John Harbison",1984-03-22, 4:20,WGBH,American Archive of Public Broadcasting(WGBH and theLibrary of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC, accessed September 23, 2016.
  11. ^John Rockwell (1991-03-10)."Review/Music; John Harbison Premiere".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  12. ^Daniel J. Wakin (2005-03-24)."Wrestling With a 'Lolita' Opera and Losing".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  13. ^Anthony Tommasini (2006-02-25)."When Lyrics Are Fragmentary and Melodies Elusive".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  14. ^"Harbison's 'Symphony No. 5' to premiere April 17-18".MIT News.2008-04-15.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  15. ^Peter Dizikes (2012-01-13)."3 Questions: John Harbison on his sixth symphony".MIT News.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  16. ^Bernard Holland (2003-03-11)."Music Review: A Requiem Conscious Of Its Debt To the Past".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  17. ^"Professor brings papal music to Wind Ensemble".MIT News.2005-04-27.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  18. ^James R. Oestreich (1998-02-05)."Music Review: Portrait of a Composer As Man and Musician".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  19. ^abcAllan Kozinn (2001-01-15)."Music Review: Talk Is Not Cheap When It Comes to New Music".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  20. ^Allan Kozinn (2012-04-27)."Inserting the Brand-New Alongside the Old Familiar".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  21. ^"John Harbison's" IF "World Premiere".MIT Music & Theater Arts.2018-10-20.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  22. ^Allan Kozinn (2006-07-23)."Classical Recordings: Raw and Dark Contemporary Works, a Nimble Mendelssohn".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.
  23. ^David Allen (2015-02-01)."A Bach Interpretation Springs to Life".The New York Times.Retrieved2024-04-05.

Further reading

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  • Harbison, John. "Six Tanglewood Talks (1, 2, 3)."Perspectives of New Music,23, no. 2 (Spring–Summer 1985): 12–22.
  • Harbison, John. "Six Tanglewood Talks (4, 5, 6)."Perspectives of New Music,24, no. 1 (Autumn–Winter 1985): 46–60.
  • Harbison, John. "Symmetries and the New Tonality."Contemporary Music Review,6, no. 2 (1992): 71–79.
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