Lau Islands
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TheLau Islands(also called theLau Group,theEastern Group,theEastern Archipelago) ofFijiare situated in the southernPacific Ocean,just east of theKoro Sea.Of this chain of about sixty islands and islets, about thirty are inhabited. The Lau Group covers a land area of 188 square miles (487 square km), and had a population of 10,683 at the most recentcensusin 2007. While most of the northern Lau Group arehigh islandsofvolcanicorigin, those of the south are mostlycarbonatelow islands.
Administratively the islands belong toLau Province.
History
[edit]TheBritishexplorerJames CookreachedVatoain 1774. By the time of the discovery of the Ono Group in 1820, the Lau archipelago was the most mapped area of Fiji.
Political unity came late to the Lau Islands. Historically, they comprised three territories: the Northern Lau Islands, the Southern Lau Islands, and theMoala Islands.Around 1855, the renegadeTonganprinceEnele Ma'afuwith the help ofTui Nayau’s army, conquered the region and established a unified administration.Tui Nayauthenbestowedthe titleTui Lau,or King of Lau, to Ma’afu, promulgated aconstitutionand encouraged the establishment of Christian missions. The first missionaries had arrived atLakebain 1830, but had been expelled. TheTui Nayau,who had been the nominal overlord of the Lau Islands, became subject to Ma'afu.
TheTui NayauandTui Lautitles came intopersonal unionin 1969.Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara,who had already beenbestowedthe title ofTui Lauin 1963 by the Vuanirewa Clan on the approval of his fatherRatu Tevita Uluilakeba II(the reigningTui Nayauduring that time), was also installed asTui Nayaufollowing the death ofRatu Tevita Uluilakeba IIin 1966. The titleTui Lauwas left vacant from his uncle,Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna,in 1958 as referenced in Mara, The Pacific Way Paper.
The Northern Lau Islands, which extended as far south asTuvuca,were under the overlordship ofTaveuniand paidtributeto theTui Cakau(Paramount Chief ofCakaudrove). In 1855, however, Ma'afu &Tui Nayaugained sovereignty over Northern Lau, establishingLomaloma,onVanua Balavu,as Ma” afu’scapital.
The Southern Lau Islands extended fromOno-i-Lau,in the far south, to as far north asCicia.They were the traditional chiefdom of theTui Nayau,but with proper consultation between Ma'afu &Tui Nayauin the 1850s, united them to theLau Province.
TheMoala Islandshad closer affiliation withBau IslandandLomaivitithan with Lau, but Ma'afu &Tui Nayau’s conquest united them with the Lau Islands. They have remained administratively a part of theLau Provinceever since.
Culture and economy
[edit]Since they lie betweenMelanesianFijiandPolynesianTonga,the Lau Islands are a meeting point of the two cultural spheres. Lauan villages remain very traditional, and the islands' inhabitants are renowned for their wood carving andmasipaintings. Lakeba especially was a traditional meeting place between Tongans and Fi gian s. The south-east trade winds allowed sailors to travel from Tonga to Fiji, but much harder to return. The Lau Island culture became more Fi gian rather than Polynesian beginning around 500 BC.[1]However, Tongan influence can still be found in names, language, food, and architecture. Unlike the square-shaped ends characterizing most houses elsewhere in Fiji, Lauan houses tend to be rounded, following theTonganpractice.
In early July 2014, Tonga's Lands Minister,Lord Maʻafu Tukuiʻaulahi,revealed a proposal for Tonga to give the disputedMinerva Reefsto Fiji in exchange for the Lau Group.[2]At the time that news of the proposal first broke, it had not yet been discussed with the Lau Provincial Council.[3]Many Lauans have Tongan ancestors and some Tongans have Lauan ancestors; Tonga's Lands Minister is named afterEnele Ma'afu,the Tongan Prince who originally claimed parts of Lau for Tonga.[4]Historically, the Minerva Reefs have been part of the fishing grounds belonging to the people ofOno-i-Lau,an island in the Lau Group.[5]
Just off the island ofVanua Balavuat Lomaloma was the Yanuyanu Island Resort, built to encouragetourismin what has been a less accessible area of Fiji, but the small resort failed almost immediately and has been abandoned since the year 2000. An airstrip is located off Malaka village and a port is also located on Vanua Balavu, atLomaloma.There are guest houses on Vanua Balavu and onLakeba,the other principal island.
The Lau Islands are the centre of the game ofCricketin Fiji. Cricket is the most popular team sport in Lau, unlike the rest of the country whereRugbyandAssociation Footballare preferred. The national team is invariably dominated by Lauan players.
Notable Lauans
[edit]The Lau Islands' most famous son is the lateRatu Sir Kamisese Mara(1920-2004), theTui Lau,Tui Nayau,Sau ni Vanua(hereditary ParamountChiefof the Lau Islands) and thefounding fatherof modern Fiji who wasPrime Ministerfor most of the period between 1967 and 1992, andPresidentfrom 1993 to 2000. Other noted Lauans includeRatu Sir Lala Sukuna(1898-1958), who forged embryonic constitutional institutions for Fiji in the years that preceded independence. Other notable Lauans include:
- Politicians:Jonati Mavoaheld many ministerial portfolios in the early part of Fiji's transition to self-government, Charles Walker who held several portfolios in the Alliance government before becoming a Diplomat,Nelson Delailomalomawho was Permanent Secretary of Education and Minister in the Interim Government, former Prime MinisterLaisenia Qarase,former Attorney-GeneralQoriniasi Bale,former Minister of EducationFilipe Bole,Ambassador to ChinaEsala Teleni,and formerCabinet MinisterLavenia Padarath.Current First LadyAdi Koila Nailatikauis also Lauan, being the daughter of Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara.
- Bureaucrats:Include former permanent secretaries Marika Tukituku, Solomone Makasiale,Joji Kotobalavu,Solomone Sila and current permanent secretary Jale Fotofili First Fi gian Chief Justice (Sir Timoci Tuivaga), First Fi gian President of Methodist church Setareki Tuilovoni, Kacimaiwai, Epeli - former High Commissioner to Australia, former Permanent Secretary for Education and first Fi gian Principal appointed to Queen Victoria School.
- Sports:Cricket:I. L. Bula,Eroni Loganimoce,Peni Dakainivanua,Taniela Naulivou,Uraia SorovakatiniBo xing:Sunia Cama,Kamisese Vaubula,Temo Kolitapa,Eroni Covutimabula LoganimoceRugby:Joeli Veitayaki,Sunia Koto,Osea Kolinisau,Netani Talei,Sisa Koyamaibole,Asaeli Tikoirotuma,Metuisela Talebula,Eroni Mawi,Akapusi Qera,Jikoibau Matawalu,Sefa Naivalu,Tevita Cavubati,Bill Cavubati,Deryck Thomas Sowani,Kameli Ratuvou,Iliesa Keresoni,Api Naikatini,Apisai Tauyavuca,Henry Qiodravu
- Youth leaders:RokoJonetani (Pita) Waqavonovono,Ratu Jone Liwaki Uluilakeba,Tupou Veiogo,Ratu Wiliame Gucakeand Jackie Koroivulaono.
See also
[edit]- Lau Basin
- Lau Ridge
References
[edit]- ^Rotuma: Language and History,1999.
- ^Gopal, Avinesh (3 July 2014)."'Give up Lau'".Fiji Times.Archived fromthe originalon 10 January 2015.Retrieved3 July2014.
- ^Gopal, Avinesh (4 July 2014)."Lau 'in the dark'".Fiji Times.Retrieved3 July2014.
- ^Staff (3 July 2014)."Lord Ma'afu wants Lau for Minerva Reef".Nuku’alofa:Tonga Daily News. Archived fromthe originalon 7 July 2014.Retrieved3 July2014.
- ^"Tonga et Fidji se disputent le Récif de la Minerve",ABC Radio Australia (in French), 9 February 2011 (Archivedfrom the original on 7 July 2011.)
Further reading
[edit]- Lau Islands,Fiji, ByA.M Hocart,Bernice Bishop Museum Bulletin62, 1929
- Islands, Islanders and the World: Colonial and Post-colonial Experience of Eastern Fiji.By T.P.Bayliss- Smith, Published by Cambridge University Press.
- World Atlas of Coral Reefs- Page 344, by Corinna Ravilious, Mark D. Spalding, Edmund Peter Green, World Conservation Monitoring Centre – 2001, Published by University of California Press
- Tovata I & II,AC Reid. Fiji: Oceania printers Fiji (1990)
- Cyclopedia of LauIllustrated, Publisher Pure Blue Fiji Ltd.
- The Lau Islands (Fiji) and Their Fairy Tales and Folklore.T[homas] R[eginald] St. Johnston, Published 1918 by The Times book co., ltd. Original from the University of Michigan, Digitized Dec 15, 2006.
- Islands of History- Page 75, by Marshall David Sahlins - 1987 - 200 pages
- 20th Century Fiji,edited by Stewart Firth & Daryl Tarte - 2001 -ISBN982-01-0421-1
- Fiji.- Page 237, by Korina Miller, Robyn Jones, Leonardo Pinheiro – 2003, Published by Lonely Planet
External links
[edit]- Lau group (with map)
- Ethnography of theLau Islands
- Vanua Balavu Information
- A Newspaper article with General information onLau
- Articles about tourism in Tonga[1]