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Linyi

Coordinates:35°06′14″N118°21′23″E/ 35.1038°N 118.3564°E/35.1038; 118.3564
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused withLinyi County, Shandong.
For other uses, seeLinyi (disambiguation).
"Lini" redirects here. For people with the name, seeLini (name).
Linyi
Lâm Nghi Thị
Lini
Prefecture-level city
Clockwise from top: A view of the Beicheng New Area skyline, Mount Meng, Cathedral of Linyi, Linyi People's Square, The Library of Linyi University, and The Memorial Tower of Revolutionary Martyrs
Clockwise from top: A view of the Beicheng New Area skyline, Mount Meng, Cathedral of Linyi, Linyi People's Square, The Library of Linyi University, and The Memorial Tower of Revolutionary Martyrs
Map
Location of Linyi City jurisdiction in Shandong
Location of Linyi City jurisdiction in Shandong
Coordinates (Linyi municipal government):35°06′14″N118°21′23″E/ 35.1038°N 118.3564°E/35.1038; 118.3564
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceShandong
County-level divisions12
Township-level divisions181
Municipal seatLanshan District
Government
• CPC SecretaryRen Gang (Nhậm mới vừa)
•MayorZhang Baoliang (Trương bảo lượng)
Area
[1]
•Prefecture-level city17,192 km2(6,638 sq mi)
• Urban
2,293.3 km2(885.4 sq mi)
• Metro
2,293.3 km2(885.4 sq mi)
Elevation
74 m (244 ft)
Population
(2020 census)[2]
•Prefecture-level city11,018,365
• Density640/km2(1,700/sq mi)
•Urban
3,651,868
• Urban density1,600/km2(4,100/sq mi)
•Metro
3,651,868
• Metro density1,600/km2(4,100/sq mi)
GDP[3]
•Prefecture-level cityCN¥472 billion
US$71.3 billion
• Per capitaCN¥ 44,534
US$ 6,730
Time zoneUTC+8(China Standard)
Area code0539
ISO 3166 codeCN-SD-13
License PlatePrefixLỗ Q
Administrative division code371300
Línyí
Simplified ChineseLâm nghi
Traditional ChineseLâm nghi
Literal meaningclose to theYi River[zh]
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinLínyí
Bopomofoㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄧˊ
Gwoyeu RomatzyhLinyi
Wade–GilesLin2-i2

Linyi(simplified Chinese:Lâm nghi;traditional Chinese:Lâm nghi;pinyin:Línyí) is aprefecture-level cityin the south ofShandongprovince, China. As of 2011, Linyi is the largest prefecture-level city in Shandong, both by area and population, Linyi bordersRizhaoto the east,Weifangto the northeast,Ziboto the north,Tai'anto the northwest,Jiningto the west,Zaozhuangto the southwest, and the province ofJiangsuto the south. The name of the city Linyi (Lâm nghi) literally means "close to theYi River".[4][5]

Linyi City, referred to as Yi, the ancient name of Langya, Yizhou. It is located in the transition zone between Shandong hilly Yimeng Mountain area and Yishu River alluvial plain, and the terrain is high in the north and low in the south.[6]The three major mountain ranges of Yishan, Mengshan and Nishan are distributed in the north, with hills in the center and plains in the south. The Yi River, Shu River and Surabaya River all originate from the Yimeng Mountains and flow into the East China Sea. The municipal government is located at No.17 Beijing Road, Lanshan District. Linyi is one of the third batch of National Civilized Cities,[7]China's Outstanding Tourist Cities, China's Garden Cities, China's Hygienic Cities, China's Model Environmental Protection Cities and National Forest Cities.[8]

The city recently expanded along the Yi River to Nanfang, now called the Beicheng New Area, under the slogan "Grand Linyi, Beautiful Linyi, New Linyi". Multiple recreational parks were built, along with new school campuses etc. The development is a consequence of a series of governmental projects, including relocate the city government, which is expected to stimulate the economy.[9]

The population was 11,018,365 at the2010 Chinese census[10],The population was 10,993,100 at the2020 Chinese census,of which 3,651,868 lived in the built-up area made up of Lanshan District, Luozhuang District and Hedong District, as well as Linyi National Hi-Tech Zone.[11][12]

Administration

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Theprefecture-level cityof Linyi administers 12county-level divisions,including threedistrictsand ninecounties.[13]

Linyi is divided into three districts and nine counties, namely Lanshan District, Nanfang District, Luozhuang District,YinanCounty,TanchengCounty,YishuiCounty,LanlingCounty,FeixianCounty,PingyiCounty,JunanCounty,MengyinCounty andLinshuCounty.[14]

History

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Linyi has a history of 2400 years. It is home to many historical figures, notablyZhuge LiangandWang Xizhi.[15][16]In 1972, theSun Tzu's Art of Warwas first discovered here,[17][18]along with other classics on hand writtenbamboo slips.Sun Tzu's Art of War is currently in display at Shandong Provincial museum.[19]

On July 25, 1668, anearthquakethat had an estimated magnitude of Ms  8.5,[20]occurred just northeast of Linyi, making it the largest historical earthquake inEastern China,[21]and one of thelargest in the worldon land. In Linyi, no house was left standing, and black water was said to emerge fromground fissuresthat opened up after the earthquake.[22]

In the spring of 1938, during theSecond Sino-Japanese War,the city was the scene of fierce fighting between Chinese and Japanese troops.[23]The civilians were encouraged by army victory in theBattle of Tai'erzhuang,which was nearby, defended Linyi fiercely, but Japanese soldiers breached the walls on April 19, 1938. The defenders withdrew the next day to another contested area 49 kilometers away.

In 1946, during theChinese Civil War,the CPC Directorate General of Shandong Wartime Posts was moved from theYimeng Mountainsto Linyi and renamed the Shandong Provincial Postal Administration.[24]

Modern developments

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After thePeople's Republic of Chinawas founded in October 1949, the administrative division was adjusted.[25][citation needed]

In 2005, Linyi drew international attention as a center of human rights abuses related to the enforcement of China's controversialfamily planning policies.Following widespread allegations of violence and coercion in excess of Chinese law, local human rights defenderChen Guangchengfiled a class action lawsuit on behalf of the victims. The local Chinese courts refused to hear the case and imprisoned Chen Guangcheng on charges of fomenting state resistance.[26]Due in part to the severity and scope of these abuses Linyi has been used by activists to criticize China's violation of women's rights.[27]

Geography

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Linyi is in the south ofShandongprovince, not far from the ports ofRizhao,Lanshan District, RizhaoandLianyungang.It is along theG2 Beijing–Shanghai Expresswayas well as theEurasian Land Bridge.The urban area lies on mostly flat land that gives way to more rugged terrain in the west and northwest of the city's administrative area, which covers 17,184 km2(6,635 sq mi).[citation needed]

Climate

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Linyi has amonsoon-influenced climate with generous summer precipitation, cold, dry winters, and hot, humid summers. Under theKöppen climate classification,it is in the transition from thehumid subtropicalzone (Cwa) to thehumid continentalzone (Dwa), though favouring the former. More than half of the annual precipitation of 833 mm (32.8 in) falls in July and August alone, and the frost-free period is above 200 days.

Climate data for Linyi (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 16.8
(62.2) 		24.0
(75.2) 		28.1
(82.6) 		33.0
(91.4) 		38.0
(100.4) 		38.1
(100.6) 		41.6
(106.9) 		36.5
(97.7) 		35.8
(96.4) 		33.8
(92.8) 		26.9
(80.4) 		19.7
(67.5) 		41.6
(106.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 4.8
(40.6) 		8.1
(46.6) 		13.9
(57.0) 		20.7
(69.3) 		26.1
(79.0) 		29.7
(85.5) 		31.0
(87.8) 		30.2
(86.4) 		26.8
(80.2) 		21.3
(70.3) 		13.6
(56.5) 		6.8
(44.2) 		19.4
(67.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.2
(31.6) 		2.6
(36.7) 		8.0
(46.4) 		14.6
(58.3) 		20.4
(68.7) 		24.3
(75.7) 		26.7
(80.1) 		25.9
(78.6) 		21.7
(71.1) 		15.8
(60.4) 		8.4
(47.1) 		1.9
(35.4) 		14.2
(57.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −4.1
(24.6) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		3.0
(37.4) 		9.3
(48.7) 		15.1
(59.2) 		19.7
(67.5) 		23.3
(73.9) 		22.7
(72.9) 		17.7
(63.9) 		11.3
(52.3) 		4.1
(39.4) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		9.9
(49.8)
Record low °C (°F) −13.3
(8.1) 		−14.3
(6.3) 		−8.4
(16.9) 		−2.7
(27.1) 		5.6
(42.1) 		12.0
(53.6) 		15.3
(59.5) 		12.6
(54.7) 		7.1
(44.8) 		−0.2
(31.6) 		−7.6
(18.3) 		−13.1
(8.4) 		−14.3
(6.3)
Averageprecipitationmm (inches) 11.9
(0.47) 		16.3
(0.64) 		23.6
(0.93) 		36.5
(1.44) 		76.9
(3.03) 		85.8
(3.38) 		241.4
(9.50) 		239.0
(9.41) 		70.8
(2.79) 		33.0
(1.30) 		32.4
(1.28) 		14.1
(0.56) 		881.7
(34.73)
Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) 3.6 4.6 4.9 5.9 7.0 7.9 13.0 12.4 7.1 5.6 5.2 3.6 80.8
Average snowy days 3.2 3.0 1.4 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7 1.8 10.2
Averagerelative humidity(%) 61 60 57 58 63 69 81 81 74 67 66 63 67
Mean monthlysunshine hours 154.4 155.8 197.6 218.2 234.9 199.1 175.6 181.4 182.2 186.3 158.9 156.5 2,200.9
Percentpossible sunshine 49 50 53 55 54 46 40 44 50 54 52 52 50
Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[28][29]
Source 2: Weather China[30]

Economy

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Linyi's economy is based around its wholesale markets.[31]The Linyi Wholesale City is ranked 3rd in its category in China with an annual trade volume of 40 billion RMB (~US$5 billion). The Linyi prefecture has developed more than 1,500 specialized villages, over 80 specialized towns and nearly 800 industrialized agricultural enterprises.

In 2014 the prefecture's GDP was 369 billion RMB. Main industrial products are: textiles, foodstuffs, machinery, electronics, chemicals, building materials, coal, medicines, gold and porcelain. Machinery is exported to Europe, the Americas and south-east Asia. Linyi prefecture has an annual capacity of three million tons of compound fertilizers.

The city is served byLinyi Qiyang Airport.

Notable people

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Population and residence

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Demographics

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According to the seventh national census in 2020, the city's resident population was 11,018,400, accounting for 10.85% of the province's population, ranking first in the province. The sex ratio of the population is 104.66%, and the proportion of elderly people aged 65 and above is 14.12%. Compared with the Sixth National Census, there was an increase of 979,000 people in ten years, an increase of 9.75%, with an average annual growth rate of 0.93%, which is higher than that of the whole province and the whole country by 0.4 and 0.35 percentage points respectively. There are 3.9 million family households and 10.666 million people living in the city. The city's resident population in the municipal districts was 3.652 million, accounting for 33.14% of the city's resident population, an increase of 5.8 percentage points from 2010, while the resident population in the nine counties was 7.366 million, accounting for 66.86% of the city's resident population. The male population was 5.634 million, accounting for 51.14%; the female population was 5.384 million, accounting for 48.86%. The sex ratio of the population was 104.66, 0.41 percentage points lower than that of the whole country, and 1.28 percentage points higher than that of 2010. 2.585 million people, or 23.46%, were aged 0-14; 6.27 million, or 56.91%, were aged 15-59; and 2.163 million, or 19.63%, were aged 60 and above, with 1.555 million, or 14.6%, being aged 65 and above. The population aged 65 and above was 1.555 million, accounting for 14.12%. Compared with 2010, the proportion of the population aged 0-14 years rose by 5.33 percentage points, 5.51 and 4.68 percentage points above the national and provincial averages, while the proportion of the population aged 15-59 years fell by 10.61 percentage points.

Ethnic groups

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There are 53ethnic groupsin Linyi, mainly Han Chinese, with 10,608,800 people, accounting for 99.45% of the resident population; 52 ethnic minorities, with a population of 58,300 people, accounting for 0.55% of the resident population, with the Hui ethnic group being the most numerous, with 46,800 people, accounting for 0.44% of the resident population, and other ethnic minorities, with 11,500 people, accounting for 0.11% of the resident population.

Medical care

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As of 2022, there are 5 more well-known hospitals in Linyi.

  • Linyi People's Hospital ( Linyi First People's Hospital ): Formerly known as the American Church Hospital, it was founded in 1891. It is one of the first three provincial-level regional medical centers in Shandong Province, as well as the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, the National Postdoctoral Research Station, the National Standardized Training Base for Residents, the National Advanced Stroke Prevention and Treatment Base, and the National Training Base for Clinical Pharmacists.
  • Linyi City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Located at No.211 Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi City, Shandong Province, Linyi City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCMH) was founded in 1976, covering an area of 78 acres, with a total construction area of 133,000 square meters, it is a Chinese tertiary TCM hospital integrating medical treatment, emergency treatment, rehabilitation, scientific research, teaching and technical guidance.
  • Linyi Maternal and Child Health Center: Formerly known as Linyi Children's Hospital, it was founded in 1986.
  • Linyi Second People's Hospital: Linyi Yishui Central Hospital, founded in February 1945, is a municipal institution in Linyi, also known as Linyi Second People's Hospital.
  • Linyi Cancer Hospital: Formerly known as the Tumor Ward of Linyi Regional People's Hospital, it became independent as Linyi Regional Tumor Institute in 1972.

Cultural attractions

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Linyi's focal point is the People's Square (Renmin Guangchang). It was built in the early 1990s on the site of an old army barracks. It is about 500 metres (1,600 ft) east-west, and about 300 m (980 ft) north-south. Underneath it is a shopping centre and entertainment facilities.[32][33]

Just north of the city centre is a park dedicated toWang Xizhi,the former residence of Wang Xizhi. The former residence of Wang Xizhi is the birthplace of the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi. For a small entrance fee tourists can enjoy a pleasant walk and try Chinese calligraphy.[34]

Near the center of Linyi city is amuseumwhich houses some original bamboo strips from theWarring States period.

One of the pocket parks in Lanshan District, Linyi City, Shandong Province: Langya Garden, located on the east side of South Road at the intersection of Linxi 11th Road and Blossom River South Street, which covers an area of about 957 square meters.[35]

Linyi Water Rhythm Langya is a water recreation attraction completed in September 2022.It covers an area of more than 20,000 square feet.[36]

Linyi New Langya Nocturnal City is a commercial and cultural street to be built in Linyi around 2022. With performances and ancient buildings inside, every part of this place is a landmark in Linyi.

See also

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References

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  1. ^Mới nhất dân cư tin tức hongheiku(in Chinese). hongheiku.Retrieved2021-01-12.
  2. ^"China: Shāndōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  3. ^"Shandong Statistical Yearbook-2016".stats-sd.gov.cn.
  4. ^Sơn Đông hội nghị hiệp thương chính trị (2022) [2022-04-18]."Lâm Nghi Thị khái quát"[Linyi City Overview].sdzx.gov.cn(in Chinese). Sơn Đông tỉnh hội nghị hiệp thương chính trị văn sử quán.Retrieved2024-06-07.
  5. ^Cung, hạo tiệp (2021) [2021-05-28]."Lâm nghi ｜ lâm Nghi Thị thường trụ dân cư 10 năm tăng trưởng siêu 9.75%"[Linyi｜Linyi's resident population grew by over 9.75 per cent in 10 years].shandong.gov.cn.Sơn Đông tỉnh chính phủ nhân dân - chính vụ tiếp âm.Retrieved2024-06-07– via đại chúng nhật báo.
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  7. ^""Nghi mông tinh thần" dẫn dắt lâm nghi tân vượt qua - Trung Quốc thanh niên báo ".zqb.cyol.Retrieved2024-04-01.
  8. ^Trung Quốc huyện vực (2022-12-19)."Lâm Nghi Thị".Trung Quốc huyện vực.Retrieved2024-04-01.
  9. ^"Bật mí bắc thành khu mới quy hoạch lâm nghi văn lữ đại thành ứng thế mà đến! _ mênh mông hào · truyền thông _ mênh mông tin tức -The Paper".thepaper.cn.Retrieved2024-04-01.
  10. ^"Sơn Đông tỉnh thống kê cục tổng điều tra công báo Sơn Đông tỉnh thứ bảy thứ cả nước dân cư tổng điều tra công báo ( đệ nhị hào )".tjj.shandong.gov.cn.Retrieved2024-04-01.
  11. ^"Lâm Nghi Thị thứ bảy thứ cả nước dân cư tổng điều tra công báo ( Bulletin of the Seventh National Census of Linyi )"(in Chinese). Archived fromthe originalon 2022-01-17.Retrieved2022-01-17.
  12. ^"Population data of Linyi City".Red Black Kouku.2023-02-25.
  13. ^"Lâm Nghi Thị - Đông Á địa phương chính phủ hội nghị".www3.pref.nara.jp.Retrieved2024-04-02.
  14. ^"Sơn Đông tỉnh lâm Nghi Thị 3 khu 9 huyện kiến thành khu diện tích xếp hạng, lớn nhất là lan vùng núi, nhỏ nhất là mông âm huyện _ thật trắc".sohu.Retrieved2024-04-02.
  15. ^Đinh, văn phương (1990).Sơn Đông lịch sử nhân vật từ điển[Shandong Historical Figures Dictionary]. Michigan đại học: Sơn Đông nhân dân nhà xuất bản. pp. 879 trang.ISBN9787209005036.
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  17. ^"Yinqueshan Han Bamboo Slips"(in Chinese).Shandong Provincial Museum.24 April 2008. Archived fromthe originalon 29 October 2013.
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  21. ^Zhou, C., Diao, G., Geng, J. et al. Fault plane parameters of Tancheng M8½ earthquake on the basis of present-day seismological data. Earthq Sci 23, 567–576 (2010).https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-010-0756-0
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  24. ^The Postage Stamp Catalogue of the Chinese People's Revolutionary War Period, published by the China Postage Stamp Museum
  25. ^"Sơn Đông tỉnh thống kê cục thống kê phân tích tân Trung Quốc thành lập 70 đầy năm lâm Nghi Thị kinh tế xã hội phát triển nói khái quát".tjj.shandong.gov.cn.Retrieved2024-04-02.
  26. ^Pan, Philip P. (July 8, 2006)."Chinese to Prosecute Peasant Who Resisted One-Child Policy".Washington Post.RetrievedNovember 2,2011.
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  29. ^ "Experience Template"Trung Quốc khí tượng số liệu võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved12 August2023.
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  31. ^From a booklet compiled by the Linyi Municipal People's Government (2003)
  32. ^"Lâm nghi nhân dân quảng trường kiếp trước kiếp này, này đó hồi ức còn có bao nhiêu người nhớ rõ? _ Đằng Tấn tin tức".new.qq.Retrieved2024-04-01.
  33. ^"Đồ văn: Sơn Đông tỉnh lâm Nghi Thị thành thị danh thiếp lâm nghi nhân dân quảng trường - sưu hồ 2008 Thế vận hội Olympic".2008.sohu.Retrieved2024-04-01.
  34. ^"Sơn Đông tỉnh giáo dục thính lâm Nghi Thị Vương Hi Chi chỗ ở cũ".edu.shandong.gov.cn.Retrieved2024-04-01.
  35. ^"Về Lang Gia > Lang Gia viên _ Lang Gia hiệu sách".book.aozhengjituan.cn.Retrieved2024-04-01.
  36. ^"Lâm nghi: Thủy vận Lang Gia _ lâm nghi tin tức _ đại chúng võng lâm nghi".linyi.dz com.Retrieved2024-04-01.
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