Sasaram
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|
Sasaram | |
---|---|
City | |
Coordinates:24°57′N84°02′E/ 24.95°N 84.03°E | |
Country | India |
State | Bihar |
Division | Patna |
District | Rohtas |
Government | |
• Type | Municipal Corporation (Updated) |
• Body | Sasaram Municipal Corporation |
•Member of Parliament | Manoj Kumar (Indian National Congress) |
• Mayor | Kajal Kumari |
• Vice-Mayor | Satyavati Devi |
• District Magistrate | Udita Singh,Indian Administrative Service |
• Superintendent of Police | Raushan Kumar,Indian Police Service |
Elevation | 108 m (354 ft) |
Population (2020) | |
• Total | 358,283 |
• Rank | 288th |
Demonym | Sasaramite |
Language | |
• Official | Hindi[1] |
• Additional official | Urdu[1] |
• Regional | Bhojpuri |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 |
PIN | 821115 |
Telephone code | 06184 |
Vehicle registration | BR-24 |
Railway Station | Sasaram Junction |
Website | sasaramcity |
Sasaram,() also spelled asShahasaram,is a historical city and amunicipal corporationregion in theRohtas districtofBiharstateineasternIndia.
The city served as the capital of theSur dynastyduringSher Shah Suri's rule over India in the 16th century, and was residence place sub capital of epic monarchSahastrabahu(Kartivirya Arjuna).
Sasaram and theKaimur Rangecontain waterfalls, lakes, rivers and picturesque locations as described by theAin-I-Akbari.Over 200 waterfalls emerge during the rainy season.
Modern Sasaram city covers the largest sub-metropolitan area of Bihar. Its attractions to visit include theTomb of Sher Shah Suri(included inUNESCOWorld Heritage Centre –Tentative list),[2]Tomb of Hasan Khan Suri,Rohtasgarh Fort,Shergarh Fort,Manjhar Kund,Kashish waterfall, Karmchat Dam,Salim khan makbara,Tutla Bhawani Mandir,Narayni Devi Mandir,Dhua Kund.[3]
Sasaram city is located in the middle of its other sub-towns likeNokha&Kudra,which have a large number of agriculture based industries, and the city is also emerging as an educational hub. It is situated in the middle of other industrial twin towns likeDehri-on-sone,Dalmianagar,Sonnagar,Amjhor, Nokha andBanjari.
The Sasaram city region is the administrative headquarters of Rohtas district. It was carved out fromShahabad districtin 1972. This district headquarters is best known for having the highest literacy rate[4]and highest agricultural & forest cover area of Bihar. Sasaram is also the headquarters of acommunity development blockof the same name, with a total population of 358,283 as of 2011, making it the most populous block in Rohtas district.[5]
It is known for the production of cement, fertilizers, stone chips, and for the quarrying industry.
Major languages spoken in this region areBhojpuri,Hindi,English andUrdu;religions of the population includeHinduism,Islam,Buddhism,Christianity,Sikhism,andJainism.
History
[edit]During theVedic age,Sasaram was a part of the ancientKashi kingdom.Sasaram's name derives fromSahastrarama,meaning "one thousand groves". Sasaram was once also namedShah Sarai(meaning "Place of the King" ), as it is the birthplace of theAfghankingSher Shah Suri,who ruled overDelhi,much of northern India, present-day Pakistan, and eastern Afghanistan for five years as theSur Empire,after defeating theMughal EmperorHumayun.Many of Sher Shah Suri's governmental practices were adopted by the Mughals and later the British Raj, including taxation, administration, and the building of a paved road fromKabultoBengal,also called theGrand Trunk Road.
Sher Shah Suri's 122-foot (37 m)red sandstonetomb,built in theIndo-Afghan style,stands in the middle of an artificial lake in Sasaram. It borrows heavily from theLodhistyle, and was once covered in blue and yellow glazed tiles, indicating an Iranian influence. The massive free-standing dome also has an aesthetic aspect of theBuddhiststupastyle of theMauryanperiod. The tomb of Sher Shah's father, Hasan Khan Suri, is also at Sasaram, and stands in the middle of a green field at Sherganj, which is known as Sukha Rauza. About a kilometre to the north west of Sher Shah's tomb lies the incomplete and dilapidated tomb of his son and successor,Islam Shah Suri.[6]Sasaram also has aBaulia,a pool used by the emperor's consorts for bathing.
The fort of Sher Shah Suri atRohtasgarhis in Sasaram. This fort has a history dating back to the 7th century CE. It was built by RajaHarishchandra,known for his truthfulness in the name of his sonRohitashwa.It houses the Churasan temple,Ganeshtemple, Diwan-i-Khas, Diwan-e-Aam, and various other structures dating back to different centuries. The fort also served as the headquarters ofRaja Man Singhduring his reign as the governor of Bihar and Bengal under the regime ofAkbar.The Rohtas Fort in Bihar should not be confused withanother fort of the same name,nearJhelum,Punjab,in present-dayPakistan.The Rohtas Fort in Sasaram was also built by Sher Shah Suri, during the period whenHumayunwas exiled from Hindustan.
There is atemple of Goddess Tarachandi,two miles to the south, and an inscription of Pratap Dhawal on the rock close to the temple of Chandi Devi.[7]Hindus in large number assemble to worship the goddess.Dhua Kund,a notable waterfall, is located about 15 km (9.3 mi) from the city.
Rohtas, south of Sasaram, is known to have been the residence of one Satyawadi Raja Harischandra, named for his son,Rohitashwa.
Minor Rock Edict of Ashoka
[edit]Sasaram is also famous for an inscription byAshoka(one of the thirteenMinor Rock Edicts), situated in a small cave of Kaimur hill, near Chandan Shaheed.
The edict is located near the top of the terminal spur of theKimur Rangenear Sasaram.[8]There is the Minor rock edict #1 only.[9]Ashoka famously mentions pre-existing stone pillars in the Edict:"...And where there are stone pillars here in my dominion, there also cause it to be engraved.".
- Devanampriya [speaks] thus.
- .................. years since I am a lay-worshipper (upasaka).
- But (I had) not been very zealous.
- A year and somewhat more (has passed) since............
- And men inJambudvipa,being during that time unmingled with the gods, have (now) been made (by me) mingled with the gods.
- [For] this is the fruit [of zeal].
- ...........cannot be reached by (persons of) high rank alone, (but) even a lowly (person) is able to attain even the great heaven if he is zealous.
- Now, for the following purpose (has) this proclamation (been issued), (that) both the lowly and the exalted may be zealous, and (that) even (my) borderers may know (it), and (that this) zeal may be of long duration,
- And this matter will (be made by me to) progress, and will (be made to) progress even considerably; it will (be made to) progress to one and a half, to at least one and a half.
- And this proclamation (was issued by me) on tour.
- Two hundred and fifty-six nights (had then been) spent on tour, — (in figures) 256.
- And cause ye this matter to be engraved on rocks.
- And where there are stone pillars here (in my dominions), there also cause (it) to be engraved.
— Sasaram Edict (Translated in Inscriptions of Asoka. New Edition by E. Hultzsch)[10]
-
The Edict is located on top of the terminal spur of the Kimur range.
-
The nameJambudīpasifor "India" (Brahmi script) in theSahasramMinor Rock Edict ofAshoka,circa 250 BCE.[11][12]
-
Transcription of the Edict.
-
The number "256" towards the end of the Edict.
Geography
[edit]Sasaram is located at24°57′N84°02′E/ 24.95°N 84.03°Eand occupies an area of about 15 km2(5.8 sq mi).[13]It has an average elevation of 110 metres (360 ft). Plateau region ofKaimur Rangenear Sasaram have average elevation of 210 metres (690 ft).
Climate
[edit]Sasaram is surrounded by hills from two sides, its climate is seasonable. The climate is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. TheKöppen Climate Classificationsub-type for this climate is "Cfa"(humid subtropical).[14]
Climate data for Sasaram, India | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.8 (74.8) |
26.7 (80.1) |
32.7 (90.9) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.9 (105.6) |
38.5 (101.3) |
33.2 (91.8) |
32.0 (89.6) |
32.4 (90.3) |
31.8 (89.2) |
28.1 (82.6) |
24.1 (75.4) |
31.9 (89.3) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.2 (61.2) |
18.9 (66.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
29.6 (85.3) |
33.2 (91.8) |
32.8 (91.0) |
29.2 (84.6) |
28.4 (83.1) |
28.2 (82.8) |
25.9 (78.6) |
20.7 (69.3) |
16.5 (61.7) |
25.3 (77.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 8.8 (47.8) |
11.1 (52.0) |
15.8 (60.4) |
21.2 (70.2) |
25.5 (77.9) |
27.0 (80.6) |
25.3 (77.5) |
24.8 (76.6) |
23.9 (75.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
8.9 (48.0) |
18.8 (65.8) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 19.2 (0.76) |
21.2 (0.83) |
14.3 (0.56) |
7.6 (0.30) |
12.2 (0.48) |
120.9 (4.76) |
297.5 (11.71) |
326.2 (12.84) |
181.5 (7.15) |
50.9 (2.00) |
10.2 (0.40) |
3.6 (0.14) |
1,065.3 (41.93) |
Average rainy days | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 5.9 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 8.9 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 54.7 |
Source: Weatherbase[15] |
Demographics
[edit]According to the2011 census,Sasaram had a population of 351,408 but in urban agglomeration. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Sasaram has an average literacy rate of 80.26%, higher than the national average of 74%; male literacy is 85%, and female literacy is 75%. In Sasaram, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.[16][verification needed]
Sasaram is the8th most populous cityin Bihar.
Governance
[edit]SAHAJ Vasudha Kendra, the first "Common Service Centre", or "eKiosk", in Rohtas District was inaugurated inJamuharvillage on 15 August 2008. The centre is currently planning to start a block information Centre, e-district plan, and Sawan Sasaram.
Lok Sabha constituency
[edit]Sasaramis one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary)constituenciesin Bihar.Manoj Kumar (Sasaram politician)serves as aMember of Parliament(MP) representing Sasaram in theLok Sabha.[17]
Vidhan Sabha constituency
[edit]Sasaramis one of 243 constituencies of theLegislative Assembly of Bihar.It comes under Sasaram Lok Sabha constituency.[18]
Economy
[edit]The closure of the industries of theDalmia GroupatDalmianagarresulted in widespread unemployment. Sasaram's economy is mainly driven byagricultureand related industries likerice polishing.The canal irrigation system is also very prominent in this area. Because of the fertile land around the town, it is a local trading center for food grains, agricultural products, and agricultural equipment, the region is known as Dhan Ka Katora, meaning "a bowl of food grains". The rice grown near Sasaram is sold in the markets ofKolkataandNew Delhi.The only significant industry is rockquarrying.
Transportation
[edit]Railway
[edit]Sasaram Junction station,a major railway station, serves Sasaram. Sasaram's other stations are Shivsagar, Kumahu, Nokha, Karwandiya, Pahleja andDehri on Sone.
Sasaram station is 101 km (63 mi) away fromPt. Deen Dayal Upadhayastation (less than 1.5 hours) and about 120 km (75 mi), or two hours journey fromVaranasi,and 101 km (63 mi) fromGayastation.Gaya stationis 20 km (12 mi) away fromBodh Gaya,the most sacred place inBuddhism.Trains run from Sasaram toKolkata,Ara,Ranchi,Patna,New Delhi,andBikramganj.
The trains which stop in Sasaram includeAjmer Seldah,Kalka Mail,Purushottam Express,Mahabodhi Express,Ranchi Garib Rath,Kolkata Mail,Jodhpur Howrah Express,Chambal Express,Shipra Express,Chennai Egmore Express,Nandan Kanan Express,Neelanchal ExpressandPoorva Express,Jallianwalabagh Express,Durigana Express,Garbha Express,Dikshabhoomi Express and New Delhi-Bhagalpur Express, etc.
A direct weekly AC train had been started from Sasaram toAnand Vihar Terminalin July 2011 (22409/22410 -Sasaram - Anand Vihar Garib Rath Express). However, now this AC train runs betweenGayaandAnand Vihar Terminal,still stopping at Sasaram Junction.
Airport
[edit]Sasaram has also a small and old airport called Suara Airport. Closest major airports are inGaya, Bihar(98 kilometers away),Patna, Bihar(157 kilometers away), andVaranasi, Uttar Pradesh(120 kilometers away).[19][20][21]
Education
[edit]Sasaram is the sixth most literate city in Bihar, with Rohtas being the most literate district in Bihar.[22][23]
There are four government colleges, although many students prefer to go to more developed cities for quality education, such asBangalore,New Delhi,Pune,Patna,VaranasiandPuducherry,for higher education. A new engineering college has been set up in the region.
This place is also known for preparation of competitive exams atSasaram Railway junction.[24]According to earlier natives of this city, there was not proper electrification of city around 2007 to 2008, which hampered the studies of students seeking for competitive exams.Indian Railwayshad a 24-hour power supply at Sasaram junction, leading a small group of students to study there at night under electric lights.
Universities
[edit]Medical colleges
[edit]- Narayan Medical College and Hospital[26]
- Mahatma Phule Medical College and Hospital, Muradabad, Sasaram[27]
- Sher Shah Suri Medical Hospital & Training college, Sasaram
Engineering colleges
[edit]Government colleges
[edit]- Shanti Prasad Jain College, Sasaram [a facilitation branch ofVeer Kunwar Singh University,Arrah][28][29][30]
- Shri Shankar College, Sasaram[31]
- Sher Shah College, Sasaram[32]
- Rohtas Mahila College, Sasaram[33]
Other colleges
[edit]- Hari Narain Singh Institute of Teachers Education (HNSITE)[34]
- Sri Shankar Rajkiya Inter College[35]
- Government Polytechnic, Dehri, Sasaram
- Jagannath Mishra Law College, Sasaram
Major schools
[edit]- St. Michael's Academy School, Chandravanshi Nagar, Fazalganj, Sasaram[36]
- M. P. High School, Adda Road, Sasaram
- Rama Rani Jain Girls High School, Choukhandi Road, Sasaram
- Bal Vikas Vidyalaya, Tomb Road, Sasaram[37]
- Bal Bharti Public School, Sasaram[38]
- D.A.V. Public school, Admapur, Sasaram[39]
- St. Paul's School, Sasaram[40]
- St. Xavier's School, Jagdev Nagar, Nooran Ganj, Sasaram[41]
- G.S. Residential School, Malwar Road, Sasaram[42]
- St. Jeelani's Public School, Shahjuma, Sasaram[43]
- Pragya Niketan Public School, Falzalganj, Sasaram[44]
- Buddha Mission School, Nooranganj, Bauliya Road, Sasaram Rohtas Bihar
- Abr foundation school, Shantinagar, Nekra, Sasaram Rohtas Bihar
Villages
[edit]Besides the city of Sasaram itself, there are 171 villages in Sasaram block, of which 144 are inhabited and 27 are uninhabited. As of 2011, the total rural population of Sasaram block is 210,875, in 34,336 households.[5]
Village name | Total land area (hectares) | Population (in 2011) |
---|---|---|
Dhanarhi | 75.3 | 745 |
Fatehpur | 55.1 | 186 |
Danwarua | 47 | 0 |
Patanwan | 116.6 | 454 |
Mosahebpur | 81.4 | 879 |
Rasulpur | 87.7 | 804 |
Bhikhanpura | 132 | 0 |
Samarodiha | 323.3 | 1,995 |
Chaukhanda Chitauli | 140.4 | 1,408 |
Shivpur Chitauli | 44.9 | 1,146 |
Turki | 69.6 | 2,113 |
Lodhi | 48.6 | 395 |
Barawan | 60.6 | 820 |
Uttimpur Haraha | 33 | 0 |
Belthua | 60.8 | 487 |
Banrasia | 55.4 | 2,585 |
Belarhi | 160.3 | 2,886 |
Singuhi | 108.1 | 1,653 |
Patanwan | 38 | 0 |
Kataprath | 27 | 0 |
Naugain | 82.1 | 548 |
Khairi | 105.3 | 437 |
Khaira | 112.6 | 1,421 |
Niranjanpur | 17 | 400 |
Bishunpura | 54.7 | 0 |
Mahranian | 20.6 | 652 |
Bhadokhara | 186.2 | 2,988 |
Belahar | 76.4 | 1,199 |
Sikaria | 1,171.9 | 4,934 |
Kota | 206.4 | 2,303 |
Rajokhar | 118.3 | 0 |
Ashikpur | 37 | 0 |
Hetimpur | 12 | 653 |
Karpurwa | 35.7 | 2,709 |
Bhatarhi | 71.2 | 839 |
Beda | 69.2 | 1,852 |
Kanserwa | 72.2 | 0 |
Lakhrawan | 8.8 | 0 |
Mohaddi Ganj | 44.1 | 3,240 |
Dhanpurwa | 20.4 | 1,340 |
Dilia | 33.8 | 0 |
Mirzapur | 3 | 0 |
Udhopur | 43.7 | 136 |
Madaini | 254.9 | 815 |
Sumbha | 70.8 | 745 |
Ahrawan | 128.7 | 705 |
Misripur | 56.7 | 532 |
Madauria | 50 | 161 |
Dhunan | 67.2 | 708 |
Karam Dihri | 146.9 | 1,371 |
Tetari | 91.1 | 709 |
Haripur | 24.7 | 53 |
Kuraich | 35 | 1,598 |
Takia | 8.7 | 5 |
Muradabad Kalan | 144.8 | 4,291 |
Muradabad Khurd | 154.2 | 2,310 |
Uchitpur | 174 | 3,794 |
Nekara | 140.8 | 2,056 |
Neae | 131.1 | 1,644 |
Baradih | 121.8 | 3,202 |
Nimia | 102.4 | 792 |
Kothara | 156.2 | 929 |
Bhagwanpur | 93.9 | 626 |
Semra | 80.1 | 617 |
Bajila | 104.8 | 1,112 |
Gamharia | 67.2 | 707 |
Mokar | 372.7 | 3,409 |
Agrer | 263.8 | 3,774 |
Rakasia | 124.2 | 1,867 |
Jhalkhoria | 50.2 | 779 |
Akasi | 391.8 | 4,145 |
Kunrwa | 106.4 | 1,064 |
Pipri | 137.2 | 945 |
Katdehri | 199.8 | 1,137 |
Gotpa | 228.3 | 1,961 |
Maudiha | 85.4 | 1,010 |
Kharaunia | 101.6 | 756 |
Sumbha | 178.4 | 830 |
Garara | 206.8 | 2,461 |
Rudana | 106.8 | 1,020 |
Rajekarma | 49.4 | 0 |
Babhanpurwa | 46.1 | 465 |
Gobina | 89 | 1,039 |
Karup | 117.3 | 1,636 |
Dilia | 62.3 | 856 |
Lok Dehri | 62.8 | 686 |
Inaihia | 57.9 | 546 |
Bhainsahi | 172.8 | 1,041 |
Bishunpura | 76.1 | 696 |
Bhajea | 103 | 0 |
Jaipur | 139.2 | 1,359 |
Nirmalpur | 38 | 302 |
Nirmalpur | 72.8 | 0 |
Rampur | 287 | 2,895 |
Semra | 148 | 186 |
Bahrar | 143 | 1,355 |
Khanra | 81.4 | 588 |
Patia | 118 | 1,476 |
Dumaria | 86 | 1,301 |
Kaupa Dih | 89 | 624 |
Bajinathpur | 39 | 0 |
Gansa Dih | 170 | 2,695 |
Chhotka Mor | 76.4 | 1,191 |
Barka Mor | 201 | 1,439 |
Pasia Dih | 35 | 433 |
Bara Dih | 121 | 418 |
Basuhara | 89 | 683 |
Nahauna | 288 | 3,208 |
Bhorman | 64 | 429 |
Koiria Dih | 36 | 0 |
Paisara | 107 | 890 |
Tiwari Dih | 36 | 314 |
Bhurekunria | 18 | 341 |
Belwa | 101 | 675 |
Khurhunu | 178 | 1,684 |
Jigina | 178 | 754 |
Tendua | 101 | 1,150 |
Bararhi | 134 | 1,507 |
Shahpur | 90 | 1,099 |
Bishunpur | 62 | 858 |
Chaubea | 57 | 584 |
Bisrampur | 138 | 1,907 |
Karwania | 131 | 3,446 |
Basa | 101.1 | 2,683 |
Jagdaun Dih | 48.6 | 400 |
Durgapur | 87.9 | 1,057 |
Amra, Sasaram | 205.6 | 4,944 |
Amri, Sasaram | 197.4 | 5,527 |
Dawanpur | 238.4 | 2,544 |
Karma | 136 | 538 |
Nima | 68.4 | 580 |
Ghatmapur | 75.6 | 821 |
Basantpur | 164.8 | 1,084 |
Admapur | 213.7 | 1,746 |
Gaeghat | 209 | 1,481 |
Fazilpur | 123 | 334 |
Gajdwahi | 327.8 | 2,678 |
Kanchanpur | 480 | 2,865 |
Kurdaun | 322 | 711 |
Dhankarha | 113.3 | 2,696 |
Lerua | 100.8 | 2,984 |
Mednipur | 146.9 | 2,084 |
Dhaudanr | 1,125.4 | 5,816 |
Mahua Dihra | 2,713 | 0 |
Jawarh | 662.1 | 0 |
Palangarh | 580.3 | 0 |
Kauria | 85 | 0 |
Tendua | 202.7 | 702 |
Murhi | 120.1 | 2,071 |
Karserua | 269.1 | 2,309 |
Gharbair | 269.9 | 1,344 |
Barui | 265 | 1,238 |
Songawan | 288.6 | 2,188 |
Mundi Sarae | 121 | 0 |
Molawan | 273.1 | 2,638 |
Sakas | 156.6 | 1,014 |
Dhanpurwa | 45.4 | 298 |
Kusri | 127.1 | 1,417 |
Dubaulia | 25.9 | 0 |
Khairi | 35.2 | 72 |
Babura | 45 | 707 |
Khaira | 115 | 831 |
Bichhia | 25 | 0 |
Darigawan | 362 | 5,964 |
Agni | 133 | 626 |
Jamahath | 135 | 680 |
Karaunia | 316 | 0 |
Tikra | 195 | 0 |
Ramgaraha | 1,168 | 0 |
Goria | 4,072 | 316 |
shiwan | 312 | 3023 |
Notable people
[edit]- Sher Shah Suri,Emperor of India, conquered theMughal Empire,defeating2nd Mughal emperorHumayun.
- Chhedi Paswan,former Member of Parliament, ex-MLA
- BabuJagjivan Ram,former Deputy Prime Minister of India
- Meira Kumar,former Speaker of the Lok Sabha of India
- Vijay Kumar,Renowned biologist
- Akash Deep,Indian cricketer, a squad member ofRoyal Challengers BangaloreinIndian Premier League.
- Ritesh Pandey,Bhojpuri actor and singer
- Kavi Kumar Azad,famous for his role in TV serialTaarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmahas Dr. Hansraj Hathi
- Jyoti Prakash Nirala,recipient ofAshok Chakraposthumously in 2018
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ab"52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India"(PDF).nclm.nic.in.Ministry of Minority Affairs.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 25 May 2017.Retrieved9 August2020.
- ^"Sites along the Uttarapath, Badshahi Sadak, Sadak-e-Azam, Grand Trunk Road".UNESCO World Heritage Centre.Archivedfrom the original on 17 January 2018.Retrieved16 January2018.
- ^"5 BEST Places to Visit in Sasaram - UPDATED 2023 (with Photos & Reviews)".Tripadvisor.Retrieved28 November2023.
- ^"[Solved] Which district of Bihar has the highest literacy rate?".Testbook.Retrieved28 November2023.
- ^ab"Census of India 2011: Bihar District Census Handbook - Rohtas, Part A (Village and Town Directory)".Census 2011 India.pp. 33, 41–70, 988–1059, 1191–1192.Retrieved29 June2020.
- ^Sanatani, Rohit Priyadarshi."The Tomb of Salim Shah Suri (Islam Shah): The glory that never was".The Speaking Arch.Archivedfrom the original on 2 April 2015.Retrieved27 March2015.
- ^Shilpa (7 December 2018)."Maa Tara Chandi Temple, Bihar".Bharat Temples.Retrieved28 November2023.
- ^"BLO".Archived fromthe originalon 29 October 2021.Retrieved25 September2018.
- ^India: An Archaeological History: Palaeolithic Beginnings to Early Historic... by Dilip K. Chakrabartyp.395
- ^Inscriptions of Asoka. New Edition by E. Hultzsch(in Sanskrit). 1925. p. 171.
- ^Inscriptions of Asoka. New Edition by E. Hultzsch(in Sanskrit). 1925. pp. 169–171.
- ^Lahiri, Nayanjot (2015).Ashoka in Ancient India.Harvard University Press. p. 37.ISBN9780674057777.
- ^"Maps, Weather, and Airports for Sasaram, India".fallingrain.Archived fromthe originalon 11 March 2008.
- ^"Sasaram, India Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)".Weatherbase.Archived fromthe originalon 17 January 2018.
- ^ "Sasaram, India — Monthly Weather Averages Summary".weatherbase.Archivedfrom the original on 17 January 2018.Retrieved16 January2018.
- ^"Sasaram City Population 2023 | Literacy and Hindu Muslim Population".census2011.co.in.Archived fromthe originalon 5 April 2016.
- ^https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S0434.htm[bare URL]
- ^"Sasaram (Bihar) Lok Sabha Election Results 2019, 2014, 2009 -Sasaram Parliamentary Constituency, Winning MP and Party Name".Archivedfrom the original on 31 December 2017.Retrieved31 December2017.
- ^"How to Reach | District Rohtas, Government of Bihar | India".Retrieved2 February2024.
- ^"सासाराम में बनेगा AIRPORT, विमान सेवा के लिए पर्यटन मंत्रालय ने बिहार सरकार से मांगा प्रस्ताव - Live Bihar".
- ^"सासाराम में एयरपोर्ट बनने की जगी उम्मीद, विमान सेवा के लिए पर्यटन मंत्रालय ने बिहार सरकार से मांगा प्रस्ताव".21 May 2018.
- ^SAWAN SASARAM
- ^Census, India (16 August 2022)."literacy rate in Bihar (2022), including the literacy rate of all districts in Bihar".IndiaCensus.net.Retrieved16 August2022.
- ^"Station students get a platform".
- ^ab"Welcome to GNS University, Sasaram, Bihar".gnsu.org.
- ^"Welcome to Narayan Medical College & Hospital!".Archived fromthe originalon 26 July 2011.
- ^"जनमानस की सेवा में निरंतर लगा हुआ है महात्मा फुले मेडिकल कॉलेज एवं हॉस्पिटल".11 April 2019.
- ^https:// spjainsasaram.co.inArchived17 May 2018 at theWayback Machine
- ^"Veer Kunwar Singh University – वीर कुँवर सिंह विश्वविद्यालय, आरा बिहार – 802301".31 March 2018.Archivedfrom the original on 18 May 2018.Retrieved17 May2018.
- ^"Varsity branch boon for pupils".Archived fromthe originalon 5 June 2018.Retrieved23 May2018.
- ^"sscollegesasaram.org".19 October 2023. Archived fromthe originalon 25 March 2018.
- ^"Sher Shah College, Sasaram – [ A constituent unit of Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara, Bihar ]".
- ^"Brief Introduction".Archived fromthe originalon 8 November 2019.Retrieved8 November2019.
- ^"Hnsite – Hnsite.net No.1 Portal Provide basic study materials For Class 5th to 12th".Archived fromthe originalon 25 March 2018.
- ^"Veer Kunwar Singh University (VKSU)".Archived fromthe originalon 5 June 2018.
- ^"St.Michael's Academy Sasaram".
- ^"Bal Vikas Vidyalaya".
- ^"Bal Bharti Public School - Sasaram, Rohtas - Reviews, Fee Structure, Admission Form, Address, Contact, Rating - Directory".
- ^"Dav Public School".
- ^"St Paul's School Sasaram".
- ^"St. Xavier's School - Ward No-34, District Rohtas (Bihar)".
- ^"G.S Residential School".Archived fromthe originalon 11 May 2020.Retrieved8 November2019.
- ^"Saint Jeelani S School - Ward No-16, District Rohtas (Bihar)".
- ^"Pragya Niketan Public School Sasaram".Archived fromthe originalon 26 January 2020.Retrieved26 September2020.
External links
[edit]- Sasaramtravel guide from Wikivoyage