Tonbridge School
Tonbridge School | |
---|---|
Address | |
High Street ,, TN9 1JP England | |
Coordinates | 51°12′00″N0°16′35″E/ 51.2000°N 0.2765°E |
Information | |
Type | Public school Privateday andboarding |
Motto | Latin:Deus Dat Incrementum (God Giveth the Increase) |
Established | 1553 |
Founder | Sir Andrew Judde |
Department for EducationURN | 118959Tables |
Headmaster | James Priory |
Gender | Boys |
Age | 13 to 18 |
Enrolment | c. 800 |
Houses | 7 boarding, 5 day |
Colour(s) | Black, white and maroon |
Publication | The Tonbridgian |
Former pupils | Old Tonbridgians |
Website | tonbridge-school.co.uk |
Tonbridge Schoolis apublic school(Englishfee-chargingboardingandday schoolfor boys 13-18) inTonbridge,Kent,England, founded in 1553 by SirAndrew Judde(sometimes spelled Judd). It is a member of theEton Groupand has close links with theWorshipful Company of Skinners,one of the oldest Londonlivery companies.
There are currently around 800 boys in the school, aged between 13 and 18. The school occupies a site of 150 acres (61 ha) on the edge of Tonbridge, and is largely self-contained, though most of the boarding and day houses are in nearby streets. Since its foundation the school has been rebuilt twice on the original site. For the academic year 2023/24, Tonbridge charges full boarders up to £16,648 per term and £12,490 per term for day pupils,[1]making it the 4th and 6th most expensiveHMCboarding and day school respectively.
The headmaster is James Priory who began his tenure at the school in 2018.
The school is one of only a very few of the ancient public schools not to have turned co-educational, and there are no plans for this to happen.
Tonbridge School was listed in the 2024 edition ofThe Schools Indexas one of the world's best 150 private schools and among top 30 UK senior schools.[2]
History
[edit]Foundation
[edit]The school was founded in 1553 byAndrew Judde,being granted itsroyal charterbyEdward VI.The first headmaster was the Revd John Proctor, a fellow ofAll Souls College, Oxford.From 1553 until his death in 1558, Judde was the sole governor of the school, and he framed the statutes that were to govern it for the next 270 years. On Judde's death, the school was passed to the Skinners' Company, after a dispute with Judde's business partnerHenry Fisher.
For the next hundred years few details of the school survive apart from rare records in the Skinners' Company books. Headmaster Proctor died in 1558, and was succeeded by a series of headmasters, usually clergy and always classical scholars. They included the Revd William Hatch (1587–1615), the firstOld Tonbridgianheadmaster. According to the Skinners' records, the Revd Michael Jenkins (1615–24) was appointed because "he was the only one who turned up". During his time as headmaster, the school received a series of generous endowments fromThomas Smythe,the first governor of theEast India Companyand son of Andrew Judde's daughter Alice.[3]
Second hundred years
[edit]Very little written material relating to the school over the next century survives. Numbers fluctuated between 40 and 90, and the school obtained a new refectory and a new library. However, from 1680 numbers declined, and for a few years the examiners reported that there were no candidates fit for university study. In 1714, the Reverend Richard Spencer, ofKing's College, Cambridge,was made headmaster. He was an immediate success and very popular, and by 1721 numbers had risen to over seventy. The governors raised Spencer's salary to 30guineas,and several of his pupils went on to successful careers. These included a future Lord Mayor of London, a vice-chancellor of Cambridge University, and George Austen, father ofJane Austen.
The firstOld Tonbridgiandinner was held on 8 June 1744. The year before this, however, Spencer had resigned, and the headmastership was bestowed upon the ReverendJames Cawthorn.Cawthorn persuaded the governors to build a new library at the south end of the school in 1760, and it survives today as the headmaster's house and the Skinners' Library. In 1765, the townspeople of Tonbridge asked the question[clarification needed]of free education, and governors' legal team decided that the parishioners' children, provided they could write competently and read Latin and English perfectly[clarification needed],had the right to learn at the school paying only the sixpence entry fee.
In 1772, classical scholar Vicesimus Knox was made headmaster, but he reigned for a mere six years. During his tenure, numbers dropped to only seventeen. His son and namesake,Vicesimus Knox,was to take his father's place in 1779. School numbers under the young Knox rose to 85, and pupils began to arrive from all over England and also from abroad.[4]
19th century
[edit]Knox retired in 1812, and was succeeded by his younger son, Thomas. The period of Knox's headmastership was one of national economic and political change, but at the school the greatest change was the increasing importance of cricket.John Abercrombiewas the school's first cricket blue (for Cambridge) in 1839. In 1818, a nationwide commission visited Tonbridge to investigate on behalf of the reforming government. Over the next few years, a new scheme for the school was prepared and approved by the Lord Chancellor. New buildings were agreed upon by the governors, and a new dining room and dormitories were built. The school also bought the Georgian building on the High Street to the north of the new junior school, and it was renamed Judde House. This was the school's second boarding house, with the original buildings serving to house boys of the larger School House. In 1826, the governors bought the field which now contains the Head cricket ground, and the patches to the north and south of it, later to be called the Upper and Lower Hundreds. In 1838, Knox took the decision to level the Head, a considerable project, using labour and earth from the new railway workings in the town. The labourers often engaged in fights with the boys, as they were lodged nearby. The Head became the focal point of the school and was regarded[who?]as one of the most beautiful cricket grounds in the south of England. Thomas Knox died shortly after the completion of his cricket pitch, in 1843,[5]whilst preparing to preach in the parish church. His death brought to an end the 71-year reign of the Knox family.[6]
World wars
[edit]Tonbridge lost a great many former pupils in both world wars; 415 Old Tonbridgians and three masters died in the Great War, and a further 301 OTs died in the line of duty between 1939 and 1945.
- Eric Stuart Dougallwas awarded a posthumousVictoria Crossto go with hisMilitary Crossin Belgium during the closing stages of World War I.
- James Brindley Nicolsonbecame the onlyRAFfighter pilot to be awarded theVictoria Crossduring the course of theBattle of Britainafter climbing back into his burningHawker Hurricaneto engage aMesserschmitt Bf 110over the skies ofSouthampton.
- Harold Newgasswas awarded the school's onlyGeorge Crossduring World War II after defusing an enemy mine over two days.
Post-war years
[edit]Lawrence Waddy took over as headmaster in 1949. The Tonbridge he inherited was still a largely Victorian institution;faggingand ritualcaningwere still in place, and sport was considered more important than academia. Over the next 40 years personal fagging was abolished (ending in 1965)[clarification needed][1949+40≠1965],and the intellectual life of the school was revitalised (particularly under the headmastership ofMichael McCrum). McCrum, headmaster from 1962 to 1970, abolished the right of senior boys to administercorporal punishment,taking over for himself the duty of administering routine canings. Boaters (known at the school as "barges" ), straw hats worn by boys, were no longer compulsory uniform after a major town-gown fight in the 1970s.[citation needed]The headmaster until 2005 wasMartin Hammond.
In 2005 the school was one of fifty leading independent schools found guilty of running an illegal price-fi xing cartel, exposed byThe Times,which had allowed them to drive up fees for thousands of parents.[7]Each school was required to pay a nominal penalty of £10,000 and all agreed to make ex-gratia payments totalling three million pounds into a trust designed to benefit pupils who attended the schools during the period in respect of which fee information was shared.[8]Jean Scott, the head of the Independent Schools Council, said that independent schools had always been exempt from anti-cartel rules applied to business, and were following a long-established procedure in sharing the information with each other, and that they were unaware of the change to the law (on which they had not been consulted). She wrote to John Vickers, theOFTdirector-general, saying, "They are not a group of businessmen meeting behind closed doors to fix the price of their products to the disadvantage of the consumer. They are schools that have quite openly continued to follow a long-established practice because they were unaware that the law had changed."[9]
Houses
[edit]There are twelve houses at Tonbridge School: seven boarding and five day houses. Each house has its own house colours. The houses, in order of foundation, are:[10]
School House | Boarding | Black and blue
|
Judde House | Boarding | Magenta and black
|
Park House | Boarding | White, purple
|
Hill Side | Boarding | Red and black
|
Parkside | Boarding | Yellow and blue
|
Ferox Hall | Boarding | Orange and yellow
|
Manor House | Boarding | Green and red
|
Welldon House | Day | Light and dark blue
|
Smythe House | Day | Chocolate and Cerise
|
Whitworth | Day | Green and white
|
Cowdrey House | Day | Purple and green
|
Oakeshott House | Day | Scarlet and Gold
|
Each house contains approximately 65 pupils. The names are drawn from the location of the house itself (e.g. Park House, Parkside, School House (originally located in the main school building) and Hill Side), or are names of benefactors, headmasters and others who have left their mark on the school over the years (e.g. Smythe House, named after Sir Thomas Smythe (see also Smythe Library), Judd House, named after the founder of the school, Whitworth and Welldon, both named after headmasters of the school, and Cowdrey House, named after Colin Cowdrey, arguably the most famous Tonbridge alumnus). The only exceptions are Ferox Hall, which takes its name from the Latin for ferocious, and Manor House which was named by a former housemaster.[10]
Chapel
[edit]The Chapel of St Augustine of Canterbury occupies a central position in the school next to the old buildings and Orchard Centre. The chapel is collegiate in layout with twelve blocks of pews and seats corresponding to the respective Houses.[11]The focal point of the chapel is the stone high altar and there are two pulpits, one each on the north and south sides of the chapel. The narthex or outer lobby of the chapel is also the school war memorial. In addition the names of all Old Tonbridgians who died in the first or second world wars are displayed in stone or ironwork. In September 1988 it was severely damaged by fire with almost all objects in the building being destroyed except a 15th-century stone sculpture. Restoration took seven years to complete and the chapel was reconsecrated by the Bishop of Rochester in October 1995.[12]
Sport
[edit]The school offers a diverse range of sports, from traditional rugby and cricket to niche activities like fives and water polo.[13]
The school has produced a number of international rugby players throughout the history of rugby union. In 1871, in the first ever international rugby match, Tonbridge was represented by two players, J.E. Bentley and J.H. Luscombe. These players were also members of a team called theGipsies Football Club,a London-based rugby football club for Old Tonbrigians founded in 1868. This club produced four other internationals including England captainFrancis Luscombe,and was also one of the founding members of theRugby Football Union.[14]
Tonbridge alumni who have gone on to represent theEngland cricket teamincludeKenneth Hutchings,Colin Cowdrey,Roger Prideaux,Chris Cowdrey,Richard Ellison,Ed SmithandZak Crawley.[15]All seven also played forKent County Cricket Cluband there is a long association between the school and Kent with a number of other Old Tonbridgians playingfirst-class cricketfor the county side.[15]Former Kent professionals who have coached the school cricket team includeAlan Dixon,whom Richard Ellison credits for developing his swing bowling abilities, andJohn Knott.
Music
[edit]The school has a strong musical tradition: around half the boys take regular music lessons and over 80 achieve grade 7 or above. About 12 music scholarships are awarded every year.[16]Tonbridge is also a "Steinway School",[17]meaning that over 90% of pianos are designed or built by Steinway & Sons.
The school chapel holds regular concerts for the various orchestras including a large symphony orchestra for the most accomplished players, conducted by the director of music. The chapel is also home to an internationally respected 4-manual tracker-action pipe organ with 67 speaking stops and 4,830 pipes, built by Marcussen & Søn in 1995.[18]
List of headmasters
[edit]- Nicholas Grey,1650s
- Revd J. I. Welldon, 1843–1875
- Revd T. B. Rowe, 1875–1890
- Revd Joseph Wood,1890–1898[19]
- Revd C. C. Tancock 1898–1907
- C. Lowry, 1907–1922
- H. N. P. Sloman, 1922–1939
- E. E. A. Whitworth, 1939–1949
- Revd L. H. Waddy, 1949–1962
- Michael McCrum,1962–1970
- R. M. Ogilvie,1970–1975
- C. H. D. Everett, 1975–1989
- J. M. Hammond,1990–2005
- T. H. P. Haynes, 2005–2018
- J. E. Priory, 2018–
Notable staff
[edit]This article's list of alumnimay not follow Wikipedia'sverifiabilitypolicy.(May 2014) |
- Jonathan Arscott– cricketer
- Ewart Astill– Master in charge of Cricket
- George Austen – 18th century Second master and father ofJane Austen
- Logie Bruce Lockhart,Scottish rugby international and headmaster ofGresham's School[20]
- James Cawthorn– headmaster 1743–61 and poet
- Derek Chadwick
- Hilary Davan Wetton– former Director of Music
- John Dewes,former test cricketer
- Clive Dytor– former chaplain
- Martin Hammond– Headmaster (1990–2005)[21]
- James Hodgson,cricketer and headmaster ofBedford School
- John Inverarity– formerAustraliacricketer, briefly taught maths at Tonbridge after retiring from cricket[22]
- John Johnston- headmaster ofHighgate Schoolfrom 1908 to 1936 and early promoter of the study ofaeronautics
- Vicesimus Knox– 18th century Headmaster
- William Langford(1875-1957) - first-class cricketer and later coach
- The ReverendJohn Langhorne– (1836–1911), classics master and house master from 1860 to 1877.
- Tony Little– a former assistant master at Tonbridge, Headmaster ofEton College
- Michael McCrum– academic and historian, Headmaster (1962–70)
- Robert Maxwell Ogilvie
- Paul Parker– retired cricketer, now Classics and Modern Languages teacher
- Sir Anthony Seldon– vice-chancellor and headmaster, formerly head of history and general studies (1989–93)
- Jonathan Smith– novelist and writer, former head of English[23]
- D. C. Somervell– historian and author
- Haldane Campbell Stewart– Director of Music (1898–1918), organist and choirmaster atMagdalen College, Oxford,cricketer forKent.[24]
- David Walsh (cricketer),retired cricketer, historian and former second master[25]
- Andy Whittall– Director of School Development, retiredZimbabwecricketer, former teacher/coach and Housemaster of Ferox Hall[26][27]
Notable Old Tonbridgians
[edit]Former pupils are known at the school as Old Tonbridgians (OTs) and can join an organisation called the Old Tonbridgians' Society.
Arms
[edit]
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See also
[edit]- Eton Group
- List of English and Welsh endowed schools (19th century)
- List of SR V "Schools" class locomotives
- Public school (United Kingdom)
- Worshipful Company of Skinners
References
[edit]- ^"Tonbridge School Fees and Charges".Retrieved22 April2024.
- ^McNamee, Annie (6 April 2024)."These are UK's best private schools, according to a prestigious ranking".Time Out United Kingdom.Retrieved11 April2024.
- ^Orchard, Barry.A Look at the Head and the Fifty: A History of Tonbridge School.James & James. pp. 6–14.
- ^Orchard, Barry.A Look at the Head and the Fifty.James & James. pp. 14–22.
- ^See: The Register of Tonbridge School from 1820 to 1893 Pg vii:https://archive.org/details/registertonbrid00hughgoog/page/n16/mode/2up?view=theater
- ^Orchard, Barry.A Look at the Head and the Fifty.James & James. pp. 21–29.
- ^Halpin, Tony (10 November 2005)."Independent schools face huge fines over cartel to fix fees".The Times.London. Archived fromthe originalon 10 March 2007.
- ^"OFT names further trustees as part of the independent schools settlement"(Press release). Office of Fair Trading. 21 December 2006. Archived fromthe originalon 2 April 2014.
- ^"Private schools send papers to fee-fi xing inquiry".The Daily Telegraph.London. 1 March 2004.Retrieved15 March2011.
- ^ab"Boarding Houses - Tonbridge School".tonbridge-school.co.uk.Retrieved14 May2018.
- ^"The Chapel - Tonbridge School".tonbridge-school.co.uk.Retrieved16 April2018.
- ^"Chapel - Tonbridge School".tonbridge-school.co.uk.Retrieved14 May2018.
- ^Bryan (24 April 2024)."Tonbridge School: Exploring Reviews, Rankings, Fees, And More".Britannia UK.Retrieved4 June2024.
- ^Marshall, Francis; et al. (1892).Football; the Rugby Union game.London: Cassell.OCLC13422741.
- ^abTonbridge cricket history,Tonbridge School.
- ^"Music - Tonbridge School".
- ^"All Steinway School - Tonbridge School".tonbridge-school.co.uk.Archived fromthe originalon 15 May 2014.
- ^"Tonbridge School Chapel · England".30 May 2019.
- ^Kelly's Handbook to the Titled, Landed & Official Classes,Vol. 38 (Kelly's Directories, 1912), p. 1,838
- ^"1949 XV Reunion".Old Tonbridgian Society. 2005. Archived fromthe originalon 6 October 2007.Retrieved12 January2022.
- ^"Tim Haynes – New Headmaster from September 2005".tonbridge-school.co.uk. 7 September 2004.
- ^"Sport's lessons for life".uwa.edu.au.11 October 2012.
- ^"The score so far".Times Educational Supplement.11 May 2008.
- ^'Dr. H. C. Stewart: Music at Oxford' (Obituary).The Times,Wednesday 17 June 1942 (Issue 49,264); p. 7http:// hcstewart /biography--obituaries.html
- ^"Tonbridge – Schools Cricket Online".
- ^School developmentArchived8 December 2015 at theWayback Machine
- ^Boarding Houses – Ferox Hall
- ^"Tonbridge School - Coat of arms (Crest) of Tonbridge School".Heraldry of the World.Retrieved3 February2021.
Further reading
[edit]- Hoole, G.P. (1985).A Tonbridge miscellany.Tonbridge School.OCLC19671527.
- Orchard, Barry (1991).A Look at the Head and the Fifty.London: James & James.ISBN978-0-907383-25-3.
- Rivington, Septimus (1898).The history of Tonbridge School from its foundation in 1553 to the present date.London: Rivingtons.OCLC18236326.
- Somervell, D.C. (1947).A history of Tonbridge School.London: Faber & Faber.OCLC11852252.
- Hughes-Hughes, W O (1886).The Register of Tonbridge School from 1820 to 1886.Tonbridge: Hughes-Hughes.
External links
[edit]- Private schools in Kent
- Member schools of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
- Boys' schools in Kent
- Boarding schools in Kent
- People educated at Tonbridge School
- Racquets venues
- Schools in Tonbridge
- Educational institutions established in the 1550s
- 1553 establishments in England
- Schools with a royal charter
- Schools cricket