Jump to content

Zhong Nanshan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused withZhongnan Mountains.

In thisChinese name,thefamily nameisZhong.
Professor
Zhong Nanshan
FRCPEFRCPFRCPI
Chung Nam Sơn
Zhong in 2015
Member to theNational People's Congress
(11th,12th)
In office
March 2008 – March 2018
ChairmanWu Bangguo→Zhang De gian g
Member of the National Committee of theChinese People's Political Consultative Conference
(8th, 9th, 10th)
In office
March 1993 – March 2008
ChairmanLi Ruihuan→Jia Qinglin
Delegate to theNational Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
(17th)
In office
1997–2002
General SecretaryHu Jintao
Personal details
Born(1936-10-20)20 October 1936(age 87)
Nanjing,Jiangsu,China
Political partyChinese Communist Party
Spouse
​
​
(m.1963)​
Children3
Alma materPeking University Health Science Center
University of Edinburgh Medical School
Occupationpulmonologist
AwardsMedal of the Republic(2020)
Known forDiscovering theSARS coronavirus
Scientific career
FieldsPulmonology,respiratory diseases
InstitutionsGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases
Guangzhou Medical University
Chinese name
Simplified ChineseChung Nam Sơn
Traditional ChineseChung Nam Sơn
Literal meaningZhongSouth-mountain
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōng Nánshān
IPA[ʈʂʊ́ŋ nǎnʂán]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationJūng Nàahm-sāan
JyutpingZung1Naam4-saan1
IPA[tsʊŋ˥ nam˩san˥]
Southern Min
HokkienPOJCheng Lâm-soaⁿ

Zhong Nanshan(born 20 October 1936)[1]is a Chinesepulmonologist.[2]He was president of theChinese Medical Associationfrom 2005 to 2009 and is currently the editor-in-chief of theJournal of Thoracic Disease.[2]Zhong was bestowed theMedal of the Republic,the highest honorary medal of the People's Republic of China, in August 2020.[3]

Zhong earned international fame for managing theSARSoutbreak[4]and was renowned for refuting the official line which downplayed the severity of the crisis.[5]He was voted one of China's top 10 scientists in 2010.[6]

During theCOVID-19 pandemicwhich was first identified inWuhan,Hubei,Zhong was a leading advisor in managing the crisis, suggesting evidence-based control measures to contain the disease and sharing the successful treatment plan with the international community.[5][7]He was named byTimeasone of the 100 most influential people in the worldin 2020.[7]

Early life and education

[edit]

Zhong was born on 20 October 1936 at theCentral HospitalinNanjing,Because the hospital is located south of Zhongshan in Nanjing, his parents named it "Nanshan" according to the location of his birthplace.,[1][8]though his family was fromFu gianprovince.[9]He was educated atBeijing Medical University,where he finished his residency training in internal medicine. After graduating from university in 1960, Zhong Nanshan had few opportunities to participate in clinical medicine. He once taught medicine, worked as a worker, and edited the school newspaper until he was transferred back to the Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College in 1971. Zhong completed further training atSt Bartholomew's Hospitalin London and theUniversity of Edinburgh Medical Schoolbetween 1979 and 1981, graduating from theUniversity of Edinburgh Medical Schoolwith an MD in 1981.[2]

Career

[edit]

Zhong Nanshan was awarded the title of one of the first batch of national-level experts with outstanding contributions in 1984. Served as graduate tutor in 1985.In 1995, he became a doctoral supervisor. In May 1996, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.Zhong became president of theChinese Thoracic Societyin 2000 and became president of theChinese Medical Associationin 2005. He is currently the director of the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases and editor-in-chief of theJournal of Thoracic Disease.[2]Zhong discovered the relationship between protein malnutrition andCOPDand has developed a calibrated formula on energy consumption for patients with COPD.[8]

SARS outbreak

[edit]
See also:2002–2004 SARS outbreak

When Zhong directed theGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases,they received the second case of aSARSpatient as early as 20 December 2002. Over the next month, 28 similar cases were reported inZhongshanalone, and on 21 January 2003, Zhong and other doctors and researchers in related fields reported this disease at an emergency meeting and gave it the nameatypical pneumonia.[10]

On 28 January 2003, Zhong felt sick and discovered that he had caughtpneumonia.Concerned that the news that a leading researcher and doctor for respiratory diseases falling ill during the SARS outbreak would cause fear and panic for the general public, Zhong decided to not receive treatment in the hospital.[citation needed]Instead he returned home, hoping that it was not caused by SARS and that he could recover without treatment. With care from his wife,Li Shaofen,he managed to recover after eight days. After recovery he immediately returned to the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases to direct the fight against SARS. On 11 February 2003, at a press conference held by theGuangdong Department of Health,Zhong explained the disease and its symptoms, and calmed the public by asserting that it was "preventable" and "curable".[10]

Zhong, for the first time while treating SARS patients, employednon-invasive ventilationmethods that increased the amount of oxygen that the patients could take in and alleviated pain. Zhong also insisted on proposing the use ofcortisonefor the treating of patients experiencing severe conditions, which significantly lowered the death rate of severe patients to 13% and decreased the total treatment time.[citation needed]

The decision to use cortisone was politically controversial at the time. In February 2003 theChinese Center for Disease Control and Preventionhad already published the authoritative view that normalChlamydiawas the direct cause of atypical pneumonia and, as a result, the only legally prescribed way of treating SARS patients was to useantibiotics.Based on observations of hundreds of patients inGuangdong,Zhong was determined to advocate for the moderate usage of cortisone. Zhong said later in an interview that he knew this might bring dishonor and defamation, but he persisted because he trusted in his observations and scientific judgements regarding the disease.[10]

With the support of the Guangdong government and the positive results in Guangdong in the treating of SARS disease, Zhong's method was later used as the standard protocol for treating allSARSpatients in China.[10]

When delegates led by Dr. Evans from theWorld Health Organizationvisited China in early April, Zhong presented the characteristics of SARS as well as the treatment and prevention method in China. Zhong's presentation was well-received and his methods were adopted around the world.[10]

COVID-19

[edit]

In early January 2020, Zhong visitedWuhan,in response to a growing cluster of then-unidentified pneumonia cases, and was reassured by city health officials that the disease was controllable and preventable. On 20 January, however, he returned to Wuhan, to re-evaluate the situation, and came to the conclusion that the novel coronavirus was more transmissible than previously identified, and warned theCentral Committee of the Chinese Communist Party[11]that authorities in Wuhan were likely understating the severity of the outbreak, and on the same day, publicly announced on state television the same.[11]In later reporting of his state TV broadcast he recommended that "a quarantine period of 10 days to two weeks is very effective, so there will not be a large-scale infection as people travel back from their holidays" but also concluded with the prediction that "the virus outbreak may recede in a week to 10 days."

Zhong has compiled a coronavirus diagnosis and treatment protocol, and has made great contributions to the prevention and control of epidemics, treatment of severe cases, and COVID-19 research. In August 2020, he received from Chinese leaderXi JinpingtheMedal of the Republic,the highest state honor, for his outstanding contribution to fighting the COVID-19 epidemic.[12]

During the pandemic, Zhong had promoted publicly[13]the usage of a controversial[14]traditional Chinese medicine ofLianhua Qingwencapsule for treating Covid-19 infection. Though later he had denied any commercial tie with the pharmaceutical company that supplies the capsule,[15]on 4 May 2021, an article fromRetraction Watch[16]showed that Zhong and his coworkers were financially tied to the Yiling Pharmaceutical company that supplies the capsule.

In 2020, Zhong worked withTencentto establish an AI Joint Lab to conduct research on disease screening, prevention, and outbreak warnings.[17]Zhong also worked on pandemic research projects withFoxconnandAlibaba Cloud.[17]

Honors

[edit]
Awards and Prizes

On 12 December 2020, theAffiliated High School of South China Normal Universityunveiled a bronze statue of Zhong Nanshan was unveiled on its 132nd anniversary.[22]

Paper of the Year
  • The Lancet;2008: The editorial board praised Zhong and his team, as they "clarified thatcarbocisteinecan prevent the worsening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and can improve life at an affordable price, which is of great significance to developing countries. "(Note: The editorial board selected six papers for readers to vote, and announced two winners, one selected by the editorial board and one with the highest reader votes. Zhong's paper obtained the highest number of votes.)[23][24]
Professional Titles
  • 1989: Fellow of the American College of Chest Physicians[21]
  • 1993: Member of the European Respiratory Society[21]
  • 2005: Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland[21]
  • 2011: Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh[21]
  • 201?: Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of London[25]
Honorary Degrees
  • 2005: Honorary Fellow of Hong Kong Academy of Medicine[21]
  • 2008: Honorary Fellow of the European Respiratory Society[21]
  • 2007: Doctor of Medicine (Honors), University of Edinburgh[26]
  • 2011: Honorary Doctor of Science, University of Birmingham
  • 2013: Honorary Doctor of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong[27]
Professional Societies
  • 1985–1990: Member, WHO Advisory Panel on Smoking & Health[21]
  • 1982–1985: Member, Executive Committee, Chinese Medical Association[21]
  • 1989–2000: Member, Executive Committee, American College of Chest Physicians[21]
  • 1989–present: Fellow, American College of Chest Physicians (FCCP)[21]

Personal life

[edit]
Zhong Nanshan and Li Shaofen in 1963

Zhong was an outstanding college athlete in the 1950s. The Beijing Municipal Track and Field Team attempted to recruit him as a full-time athlete, but he was determined to become a doctor and declined the offer. Through his sports connection, he was introduced toLi Shaofen[zh],a basketball player who was a member of theChina women's national basketball teamfor 13 years. And won the 1964 French "Four Nations" women's basketball championship. But because Li Shaofen was a member of the national women's basketball team at the time and could not get married, Zhong Nanshan waited for her for eight years. They married on 31 December 1963.[28]They have two children: son Zhong Weide, a physician,he is a doctor in the Urology Department of Guangzhou First People's Hospital and the absolute main force of the hospital's basketball team,and daughter Zhong Weiyue, a swimmer, once won the short course world championship.[29]His father, Zhong Shifan, is a doctor of medicine from the State University of New York and a pediatric medical expert. His mother, Liao Yueqin, graduated from Peking Union Medical College and is the founder of Guangdong Cancer Hospital.

See also

[edit]
  • Carlo Urbani,doctor who was the first to identify SARS and died of the disease in 2003
  • Chen Wei,medical researcher who won multiple national awards
  • Li Lanjuan,medical researcher who won multiple national awards

References

[edit]
  1. ^abChung Nam Sơn(in Chinese (China)).Chinese Academy of Engineering.Archivedfrom the original on 23 June 2016.Retrieved18 February2016.
  2. ^abcd"Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Dr. Zhong Nanshan, MD".Journal of Thoracic Disease.Archivedfrom the original on 17 July 2013.Retrieved18 July2013.
  3. ^"Dám y dám nói, sinh mệnh tối thượng —— nhớ" nước cộng hoà huân chương "Đạt được giả Chung Nam Sơn - tân hoa võng".xinhuanet.Retrieved10 October2024.
  4. ^"SARS hero Zhong Nanshan named China's best scientist".whatsonxiamen.Archivedfrom the original on 3 February 2015.Retrieved18 July2013.
  5. ^ab"The coronavirus discovered in China is causing global alarm".The Economist.23 January 2020.ISSN0013-0613.Archivedfrom the original on 26 January 2020.Retrieved29 January2020.
  6. ^"SARS hero named among China's 10 best scientists, technicians".Xinhua. Archived fromthe originalon 20 December 2010.Retrieved20 July2013.
  7. ^ab"Zhong Nanshan: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020".Time.Retrieved23 September2020.
  8. ^ab"Zhong Nanshan".The HoLeung Ho Lee Foundation. Archived fromthe originalon 6 June 2014.Retrieved20 July2013.
  9. ^Viện sĩ Chung Nam Sơn về quê truyền thụ trường thọ bí quyết.taihainet(in Chinese (China)).Archivedfrom the original on 25 January 2020.Retrieved21 January2020.
  10. ^abcdeYe diệp, Yi y (2010).Chung Nam Sơn truyền.Beijing: Tác gia nhà xuất bản. pp. 49–52.ISBN978-7-5063-5267-3.
  11. ^ab"Meet Dr. Zhong Nanshan, The Public Face Of The COVID-19 Fight In China".NPR.org.
  12. ^Liu, Jie."Zhong Nanshan: outspoken doctor awarded China's top honor".
  13. ^"Chung Nam Sơn: Có sung túc chứng cứ chứng minh liền hoa thanh ôn đối COVID-19 viêm phổi hữu hiệu".cdctj.cn.Retrieved28 May2021.
  14. ^Người quan sát võng (8 May 2020)."Trung Quốc đề cử hữu hiệu dược, Thuỵ Điển: Thành phần chỉ là bạc hà thuần, cấm nhập khẩu".finance.sina.cn.Retrieved28 May2021.
  15. ^"Chung Nam Sơn phủ nhận thương nghiệp đại ngôn nghe đồn: Ta như thế nào sẽ làm vài thứ kia | mỗi kinh võng".nbd.cn.Retrieved28 May2021.
  16. ^"Prominent Chinese scientist failed to disclose company ties in COVID-19 clinical trial paper".Retraction Watch.4 May 2021.Retrieved4 May2021.
  17. ^ab"Tencent teams up with 'Sars hero' on AI, big data lab to tackle coronavirus".South China Morning Post.28 February 2020.Retrieved3 June2024.
  18. ^"Government announces decorations and medals for 2020".Government of Macau.19 December 2020.Retrieved31 August2021.
  19. ^Tập Cận Bình ký tên chủ tịch lệnh trao tặng Chung Nam Sơn chờ 4 người quốc gia huân chương, quốc gia vinh dự danh hiệu.Ifeng(in Chinese (China)). 11 August 2020.
  20. ^Wang, Shuo ( vương thạc ) (1 June 2016).Chính giải | Trung Quốc công trình viện quang hoa "Thành tựu thưởng" vì sao hai độ chỗ trống?.Ifeng News(in Chinese (China)).
  21. ^abcdefghijklmCurriculum Vitae of Nan-Shan ZHONG (PDF). Macao khoa học kỹ thuật đại học. 2013 [2020-02-09].
  22. ^Vì chính mình tượng đắp mở màn kinh ngạc mọi người Chung Nam Sơn nhân thiết tao ngộ hai cực phân hoá.163(in Chinese). 16 December 2020.Retrieved22 December2020.
  23. ^Summerskill, W. (2009). Paper of the year 2008: results.The Lancet,373(9660), 283–284.
  24. ^Zheng JP, Kang J, Huang SG, et al. Effect of carbocisteine on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PEACE Study): a randomised placebo-controlled study.Lancet2008;371:2013–18.
  25. ^Honorary Editors-in-Chief: Nanshan Zhong, MD. Annals of Translational Medicine. [2020-02-09].
  26. ^Chung tuyết băng (23 March 2007).Chung Nam Sơn ưng Edinburgh đại học vinh dự tiến sĩ.Hong Kong văn hội báo(in Chinese (Hong Kong)).Retrieved9 February2020.
  27. ^Lương nguyên sinh (2013).Đệ 73 giới đại hội (2013) chung Nam Sơn viện sĩ vinh dự lý học tiến sĩ(in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Chinese University of Hong Kong.Retrieved9 February2020.
  28. ^Chung Nam Sơn thê tử là nữ rổ ５ hào.Sina(in Chinese (China)). 16 June 2003.Archivedfrom the original on 16 September 2019.Retrieved13 February2019.
  29. ^Chung Nam Sơn từng là 400 mét vượt rào cả nước kỷ lục bảo trì giả cưới nữ rổ danh tướng làm vợ.Sina(in Chinese (China)). 22 January 2020.Archivedfrom the original on 22 January 2020.Retrieved22 January2020.
[edit]
Scholiahas anauthorprofile forZhong Nanshan.
Academic offices
Previous:
Zhang Wenkang 		President ofChinese Medical Association
2005–2010 		Next:
Chen Zhu
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhong_Nanshan&oldid=1250647280"