1310s in England
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Events from the1310s inEngland.
Incumbents
[edit]Events
[edit]- 1310
- 16 March – King Edward II agrees to the election of a committee of twenty-one barons as "Lord Ordainers" to reform the government.[1]
- October – English army raids southernScotland,but fails to reach the north.[1]
- The first purpose-built accommodation for students (Mob Quad) completed inMerton College, Oxford.
- 1311
- 29 July – remainingKnights Templarin England are dispersed to do penance.[2]
- 16 August – Parliament presents theOrdinances of 1311to the King (document dated 5 October; published on 11 October); these substitute the Lord Ordainers for the King as the effective government of the country.[1]
- Scottish forces underRobert the BruceraidNorthumberlandand burnCorbridge.[1]
- Bolingbroke Castlepasses to theHouse of Lancaster.
- Completion ofLincoln Cathedral;with the spire reaching around 525 feet (160 m),[3]it becomes theworld's tallest structure(surpassing theGreat Pyramid of Giza,which held the record for almost 4,000 years), a record it holds until the spire is blown down in1549.
- Construction ofMelbourne Castlebegins.
- 1312
- 13 January – royal favouritePiers Gaveston,having returned from two months exile on the continent, is reunited, probably atKnaresborough Castle,with Edward II, who on 18 January restores all Gaveston's confiscated lands to him. Edward moves his court toYorkand prepares to fight rebellious barons.[1]
- c. March – the barons, meeting in London, where Gaveston is excommunicated by the Archbishop of Canterbury, plan to capture Gaveston and prevent him from fleeing to Scotland.[4]
- 4 May – Edward, Isabella and Gaveston are atNewcastle upon Tyne,pursued byThomas, 2nd Earl of Lancasterand his followers. The royal party flee by ship and land atScarborough,where Gaveston (with some royal treasure) stays while Edward and Isabella return to York.[4]
- 19 May – After a 2-week siege ofScarborough Castle,Gaveston surrenders to the earls of Pembroke andSurrey,on the promise that he would not be harmed.[4]
- 19 June – Lancaster orders the execution of Gaveston, which is carried out in Warwickshire.[1]
- 22 December – Lancaster and his supporters refuse an offer of pardon from Edward II.[1]
- Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce raid as far asDurham.[1]
- Walter of GuisboroughwritesCronica,a history of England from 1066.[1]
- 1313
- 13 January – Robert the Bruce expels English troops fromPerth, Scotland.[5]
- 20 May –Ordinance of the Stapleestablishes specific depots through which theEnglish wool tradeto Europe must pass.[1]
- 28 May –Thomas Cobhamelected to the Archbishopric of Canterbury.
- 1 October –Pope Clement Vdismisses the election of Thomas Cobham to the Archbishopric of Canterbury having been petitioned to do so by King Edward II.Walter Reynoldsenthroned as theArchbishop.
- October – Edward II pardons rebellious barons after they publicly apologise.[1]
- Robert the Bruce retakes theIsle of Manfrom the English.[5]
- 1314
- 4 April –Exeter College, Oxfordfounded byWalter de Stapledon,Bishop of Exeter.
- May – English forces enter Scotland intending to break the Scottish siege ofStirling Castle.[1]
- 24 June –Battle of Bannockburn:Scottish forces led byRobert the BrucedefeatEdward II of England,[6]securingde factoindependence for Scotland.[7]Stirling Castle is surrendered to the Scots, who raid England as far south asYorkshire.[1]
- June–September – Welsh revolt inGlamorgan.
- Completion ofOld St Paul's Cathedralin London.
- Ban on the playing of violent ball games (precursors offootball) is instituted and widely ignored.[1]
- 1315
- February – Earl of Lancaster takes control of administration, removing the last of the King's supporters from the Royal Council.[1]
- 26 May – opening ofBruce campaign in IrelandbyEdward Bruce,partly intended to create a second front in theFirst War of Scottish Independenceagainst England.[8]
- 25 October – Adam Banastre, Henry de Lea and William Bradshaw attackLiverpool Castle.
- The Borough of Liverpool, along withLiverpool Castle,is granted toRobert de Holland.
- Widespreadfamineafter heavy rain destroys the harvest; lasts until 1317.[1]
- 1316
- 28 January – Welsh revolt against English rule inGlamorganled byLlywelyn Brenbreaks out with an attack onCaerphilly Castle.
- February – Earl of Lancaster becomes Chief Councillor to Edward II, who confirms the Ordinances of 1311.[1]
- 18 March – Llywelyn Bren surrenders toHumphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford,atYstradfellte.
- 1317
- April – BaronRoger Mortimer,newly appointedJusticiar of Irelanddrives Scottish raiders back to the north ofIreland.[1]
- 1318
- 8 April –Berwick-upon-Tweedis retaken by theScottishfrom the English.[5]
- 9 August –Treaty of Leakebetween Edward II and Earl of Lancaster, agreeing on control of administration.[1]
- 14 October – Anglo-Irish forces defeat a Scots-Irish army at theBattle of FaughartinIreland.Edward Bruce,brother of Robert the Bruce, is killed in the battle.[5]
- Hugh Despenser the YoungerhasLlywelyn Brenhanged, drawn and quarteredatCardiff Castlewithout authority.
- 1319
- 20 September
- A siege of Berwick-upon-Tweed to recapture it from the Scottish occupation is abandoned.[5]
- First War of Scottish Independence:Scottish victory at theBattle of Myton.[1]
- 20 September
Births
[edit]- 1310/15
- 24 June –Philippa of Hainault,Queen consort ofEdward III of England(died 1369)
- 1310
- 29 November –John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray(died 1361)
- 1312
- 13 November – KingEdward III of England(died 1377)
- Approximate date –William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton,military leader (died 1360)
- 1313
- 20 July –John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot(died 1367)
- 1317
- Michael de Poynings, 1st Baron Poynings,knight (died 1369)
- 1318
- 8 June –Eleanor of Woodstock,eldest daughter of KingEdward II of England,Duchess consort of Guelders (died 1355)
- 11 September –Eleanor of Lancaster,noblewoman (died 1372)
- 1319
- 20 March –Laurence Hastings, 1st Earl of Pembroke(died 1348)
- John Twenge,prior of Bridlington, canonized (died 1379)
Deaths
[edit]- 1311
- Antony Bek,bishop of Durham (year of birth unknown)
- 1312
- 19 June –Piers Gaveston,favourite ofEdward II of England(born c. 1284)
- 1313
- 11 May –Robert Winchelsey,Archbishop of Canterbury(born c. 1245)
- John Schorne,rector of North Marston in the county of Buckinghamshire (year of birth unknown)
- 1314
- Henry de Bohun,killed byRobert the Bruceduring theBattle of Bannockburn
- Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester,killed during English defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn (born1291)
- Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford,killed during English defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn (born1274)
- 1315
- 10 August –Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick,nobleman (year of birth unknown)
- 1316
- 5 May –Elizabeth of Rhuddlan,daughter of King Edward I (born 1282)
- 1318
- 14 February –Marguerite of France,queen ofEdward I of England(born c.1279)
References
[edit]- ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstPalmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History.London: Century Ltd. pp. 95–98.ISBN0-7126-5616-2.
- ^Nicholson, Helen J. (2009).The Knights Templar on Trial: The Trial of the Templars in the British Isles, 1308-11.Stroud: The History Press. pp. 186–7.ISBN978-0-7509-4681-0.
- ^"Lincoln Cathedral".Skyscraper News.2009-08-25. Archived fromthe originalon 2005-11-10.Retrieved2012-02-22.
- ^abcPhillips, Seymour (2011).Edward II.New Haven, CT; London: Yale University Press.ISBN978-0-3001-7802-9.
- ^abcdeWilliams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History.London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp.155–157.ISBN0-304-35730-8.
- ^Penguin Pocket On This Day.Penguin Reference Library. 2006.ISBN0-14-102715-0.
- ^Brown, Michael (2008).Bannockburn: the Scottish War and the British Isles, 1307-1323.Edinburgh University Press.ISBN978-0-7486-3332-6.
- ^Mac Annaidh, Séamas, ed. (2001).Illustrated Dictionary of Irish History.Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.ISBN0717135365.