1607

1607 in variouscalendars
Gregorian calendar	1607; MDCVII
Ab urbe condita	2360
Armenian calendar	1056; ԹՎ ՌԾԶ
Assyrian calendar	6357
Balinese saka calendar	1528–1529
Bengali calendar	1014
Berber calendar	2557
English Regnal year	4Ja. 1– 5Ja. 1
Buddhist calendar	2151
Burmese calendar	969
Byzantine calendar	7115–7116
Chinese calendar	Bính ngọNăm (FireHorse); 4304 or 4097; — to —; Đinh Mùi năm (FireGoat); 4305 or 4098
Coptic calendar	1323–1324
Discordian calendar	2773
Ethiopian calendar	1599–1600
Hebrew calendar	5367–5368
Hindu calendars
-Vikram Samvat	1663–1664
-Shaka Samvat	1528–1529
-Kali Yuga	4707–4708
Holocene calendar	11607
Igbo calendar	607–608
Iranian calendar	985–986
Islamic calendar	1015–1016
Japanese calendar	Keichō12; ( khánh trường １２ năm )
Javanese calendar	1527–1528
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar	3940
Minguo calendar	305 beforeROC; Dân trước 305 năm
Nanakshahi calendar	139
Thai solar calendar	2149–2150
Tibetan calendar	Dương hỏa mã năm; (male Fire-Horse); 1733 or 1352 or 580; — to —; Âm hỏa dương năm; (female Fire-Goat); 1734 or 1353 or 581

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	16th century; 17th century; 18th century;
Decades:	1580s; 1590s; 1600s; 1610s; 1620s;
Years:	1604; 1605; 1606; 1607; 1608; 1609; 1610;

1607(MDCVII) was acommon year starting on Mondayof theGregorian calendarand acommon year starting on Thursdayof theJulian calendar,the 1607th year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 607th year of the2nd millennium,the 7th year of the17th century,and the 8th year of the1600sdecade. As of the start of 1607, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events[edit]

January–March[edit]

January 13– The Bank of Genoa fails, after the announcement ofnational bankruptcyinSpain.
January 19–San Agustin Church, Manila,is officially completed; by the 21st century it will be the oldest church in thePhilippines.
January 30–A massive wave sweeps along the Bristol Channel,possibly atsunami,killing 2,000 people.^[1]
February 24–Claudio Monteverdi'sL'Orfeo,the earliest fully developedoperain the modern-day repertoire, premieres at the Ducal Palace ofMantua.^[2]
March 10– Battle of Gol inGojjam:Susenyosdefeats the combined armies ofYaqobandAbunaPetros II, which makes himEmperor of Ethiopia.

April–June[edit]

April 25–Battle of Gibraltar:ADutchfleet of 26 warships, led by AdmiralJacob van Heemskerck,stages a surprise attack on aSpanishfleet anchored in theBay of Gibraltar.In the battle that ensues, Spain loses as many as 10 galleons and 12 smaller ships, and at least 300 men are killed. The disaster causes Spain to go into bankruptcy by October.^[3]
April 26– English colonists make landfall atCape Henry,Virginia,later moving up theJames River.
May 14–Jamestown, Virginia,is established as the first permanent English settlement in North America, beginning theAmerican frontier.
May 15– From Jamestown,Christopher Newport,George Percy, Gabriel Archer, and others travel six days exploring along theJames Riverup to the falls andPowhatan's village.
May 26– AtJamestown,the president of the governing council,Edward Wingfield,directs the fort to be strengthened and armed against the many attacks of the natives: "Hereupon the President was contented the Fort should be pallisadoed, the ordinance mounted, his men armed and exercised, for many were the assaults and Ambuscadoes of the Savages..." [John Smith, Proceedings (Barbour 1964)]; 200 armed Indians attack the Jamestown settlement, killing two people and wounding 10.
May 28– A wooden defensive wall (palisade) is built by settlers around the Fort at Jamestown. Gabriel Archer writes in his journal, "we laboured, pallozadoing our fort".
June 5–John HallmarriesSusanna,daughter ofWilliam Shakespeare.
June 8–Newton rebellion:TheTreshamlandowners family kills more than 40 peasants, during protests against theenclosureof common land inNewton, Northamptonshire,England, at the culmination of theMidland Revolt.
June 10– In Jamestown,Captain John Smithis released from arrest and sworn in as a member of the colony Council.
June 15– At Jamestown, the triangular fort is completed and armed: "The fifteenth of June we had built and finished our Fort, which was triangle wise, having three Bulwarkes, at every corner, like a halfe Moone, and foure or five pieces of Artillerie mounted in them. We had made our selves sufficiently strong for these Savages. We had also sowne most of our Corne on two Mountaines." [George Percy (Tyler 1952:19)] The colony reportedly bears extreme toil in strengthening the fort [from John Smith,Proceedings(Barbour 1964:210)].
June 22– Christopher Newport sails back to England.

July–September[edit]

July 2–Luis de Velascoreturns to office as the Spanish Viceroy of New Spain, which at the time includes Mexico, parts of the future United States, and much of Central America. Velasco had previously been Viceroy from 1590 to 1595, then served as Viceroy of Peru (encompassing much of South America) from 1596 to 1604. He serves as New Spain's viceroy until 1611.
July 5–Zebrzydowski Rebellion:TheBattle of Guzówis fought in Poland nearGuzówagainst rebels by the combined armies of thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth,led by Poland's Hetman, GeneralStanisław Żółkiewski,and the Hetman of Lithuania,Jan Karol Chodkiewicz.The rebels, led byMikołaj ZebrzydowskiandJanusz Radziwiłł,are forced to retreat.
July 10– Ottoman Grand VizierKuyucu Murad Pashalaunches a secret expedition to confront rebel Kurdish tribal chiefAli Janbulad,who has seized control ofAleppoin what is nowSyria.
July 17– In what is now the South Kalimantan province in Indonesia,Sultan Mustain BillahofBanjarorders the massacre of the crew of a Netherlands East India Company ship visiting the capital atBanjarmasin.
July 20– The second "False Dmitry",one of three people claiming to beDmitry Ivanovich,son of the late TsarIvan the Terrible,appears at the Russian town ofStaroduband persuades residents that he is the rightful heir to the Russian throne.
August 3– After Catholics and Protestants clash inDonauwörth,emperorRudolph IIdeclares animperial banover the city and orders Bavarian dukeMaximilian Ito execute the ban leading to the occupation of the city by a force of 15,000 in December. This in turn leads to the creation of theProtestant Unionin 1608.
August 13– The shipGift of Godof thePlymouth Companyarrives at the mouth of the modern-dayKennebec RiverinMaine.English colonists establishFort St. George,also known as thePopham Colony.The settlement lasts little more than a year, before residents return to England in the first oceangoing ship built in theNew World,a 30-tonpinnacecalledThe Virginia.
September 5–Hamletis performed aboard theEast India CompanyshipRed Dragon,under the command of Capt.William Keeling,anchored off the coast ofSierra Leone,the first known performance of a Shakespeare play outside England in English, and the first by amateurs.
September 10– Jamestown PresidentEdward Maria Wingfieldis deposed, andJohn Ratcliffeelected.
September 14–Flight of the Earls:Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone,andRory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell,fleeIrelandforSpainwith 90 followers, to avoid capture by the English crown, never to return.
September – TheScrooby Congregationof ProtestantEnglish Separatistsattempt to flee to theDutch RepublicfromBoston, Lincolnshire,but are betrayed, arrested and imprisoned for a time.

October–December[edit]

October 4–Flight of the Earls:The Earl of Tyrone and the Earl of Tyrconnell, along with their followers, reach the European continent, landing on St. Francis' Day at Quilleboeuf in France with 99 people.^[4]after having departed Rathmullan in Ireland on September 12.
October 27–Halley's Cometis seen byJohannes Kepler
November 7– A Dutch warship commanded by AdmiralCornelis Matelief de Jongearrives at the Malay Peninsula to attempt opening trade with thePahang Sultanate,and get Pahang's assistance in the Dutch Navy's fight against the Portuguese Navy in Asian trade.Sultan Abdul Ghafuragrees to assistance in return for Dutch technical assistance.^[5]
November 9– KingPhilip III of Spainannounces that his government had run out of money and that it is suspending payments on its foreign debts^[6]effectively declaring the state bankrupt. The decision in the wake of the destruction of most of the ships of Spain's Navy at the April 25 Battle of Gibraltar.
November 15–Flight of the Earls:After the departure from Ireland ofHugh O'Neill, Earl of TyroneandRory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell,along with 90 of their followers, King James I of England, Scotland and Ireland issues a proclamation "that the flight of the Earles of Tyrone and Tyrconell, with some others of their fellowes out of the North parts of our Realme of Ireland; these men's corruption and falshood, whose hainous offences remaine so fresh in memorie since they declared themselves so very monsters in nature, as they did not only whithdraw themselues from their personall obedience to their Soveraigne, but were content to sell over their Native Countrey to those that stood at that time in the highest termes of hostilitie with the two Crownes of England and Ireland... we doe hereby professe in the worde of a King, that... notwithstanding all that they can claime, must be acknowledged to proceed from meere Grace upon their submission after their great and unnaturall Treasons", and must forfeit their rights and possessions as nobles.^[7]
December 10– CaptainJohn Smithand nine men depart the Jamestown Colony on a barge in order to get more corn for the English fort. Sailing up theChickahominy River,the boat reaches a settlement of theAppomattoctribe at Apocant. While Smith, Jehu Robinson and Thomas Emery are further upstream in a canoe, George Casson is captured at Apocant byOpchanacanough,brother of ChiefPowhatan.Robinson and Emery are killed while Smith is away from their camp, and Smith is soon taken prisoner by Opchancanough and, on January 5, is delivered to Powhatan atWerowocomocofor execution. After an intervention by Powhatan's daughter,Pocahontas,Smith is released a month after his capture.^[8]
December 22– A fleet of 13 Dutch warships, under the command of AdmiralPieter Verhoeff,departs the Netherlands on an expedition to the Indian Ocean to open trade with Asian nations and to fight hostile resistance. Verhoeff never returns, and he and many of his crew will be ambushed and killed on May 22 at theBanda IslandsinIndonesia.

Date unknown[edit]

The rule ofAndorrapasses jointly to the king ofFrance,and theBishop of Urgell.
In theMidland RevoltagainstEnclosuresin England, the termLevellersis first used.
Missionary Juan Fonte establishes the firstJesuitmission among theTarahumara,in theSierra MadreMountains of Northwest Mexico.

Births[edit]

Probable[edit]

Elizabeth Tilley,English pilgrim settler in North America who was one of the original passengers of theMayflower(d.1687)
Jan Kazimierz Krasiński,Polish nobleman (d.1669)
John Dixwell,English judge and regicide (d.1689)^[12]
Pierre de Fermat,French mathematician (d.1665)
Yagyū Jūbei Mitsuyoshi,Japanese samurai (d.1650)

Deaths[edit]

January–March[edit]

January 6–Guidobaldo del Monte,Italian mathematician, astronomer and philosopher (b.1545)
January 12–Mihály Káthay,Hungarian politician (b. c.1565)
January 19–Anne Morgan, Baroness Hunsdon,English Baroness (b.1529)
January 25–Anders Foss,Norwegian bishop (b.1543)
January 27–Richard Lowther,English soldier and official (b.1532)
March 11–Giovanni Maria Nanino,Italian composer (b. c.1543)
March 29–Tsugaru Tamenobu,Japanese daimyō (b.1550)
March 31–Henry Beaumont,English landowner and MP (b.1545)

April–June[edit]

April 6–Jan Saenredam,Dutch engraver (b.1565)
April 9–Eleanor of Prussia,daughter of Duke Albert Frederick of Prussia; by marriage Electress of Brandenburg (b.1583)
April 15
- César de Bus,French Catholic priest (b.1544)
- Cornelis Kiliaan,16th-century writer from the Southern Netherlands (b.1528)
April 27–Edward Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell,Governor of Lecale (b.1560)
May –Edward Dyer,English courtier and poet (b.1543)
May 3–Agnes Douglas, Countess of Argyll,Scottish noblewoman (b.1574)
May 17–Anna d'Este,French princess (b.1531)
May 21–John Rainolds,English scholar and Bible translator (b.1549)
May 25–Mary Magdalene de' Pazzi,Italian Carmelite nun and mystic (b.1566)
June 2–Yūki Hideyasu,daimyō (b.1574)
June 3–Martim Afonso de Castro,Portuguese Viceroy of India (b.1560)
June 7–Johannes Matelart,composer (b. c.1538)
June 10–John Popham,Lord Chief Justice of England (b.1531)
June 19
- Johannes Bertelius,Luxembourgian historian (b.1544)
- Patriarch Job of Moscow
June 28–Domenico Fontana,Italian architect (b.1543)
June 30–Caesar Baronius,Italian cardinal and historian (b.1538)

July–September[edit]

July 6–Achille Gagliardi,Italian philosopher and theologian (b.1537)
July 7–Penelope Blount, Countess of Devonshire,English noblewoman (b.1563)
July 12–Thomas Legge,British writer (b.1535)
July 24–Alessandro Pieroni,Italian painter (b.1550)
July 29–Alexander Chocke of Avington,English politician (b.1566)
August 1–Otto Casmann,German philosopher (b.1562)
August 22–Bartholomew Gosnold,English explorer and privateer (b.1571)
August 29–Ercole Sassonia,Italian physician (b.1551)
September 5–Pomponne de Bellièvre,French politician (b.1529)
September 10–Luzzasco Luzzaschi,Italian composer (b.1545)
September 16–Mary Stuart,English-Scottish princess (b.1605)
September 22–Alessandro Allori,Italian portrait painter of the late Mannerist Florentine school (b.1535)

October–December[edit]

October 16–Hōzōin In'ei,Japanese Buddhist teacher (b.1521)
October 31–Wawrzyniec Grzymała Goślicki,Polish philosopher (b.1530)
November 7–Ana de Velasco y Girón,Mother of King John IV of Portugal (b.1585)
November 8–Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst,Electress of Brandenburg (b.1563)
November 24–Juan de la Cerda, 6th Duke of Medinaceli,Spanish noble (b.1569)
December 20–Sir John Bourke of Brittas,Irish recusant, hanged (b.1550)
December 31–Edmund Shakespeare,English actor, brother of William Shakespeare (b.1580)
date unknown–Henry Chettle,English writer (b.1564)

References[edit]

^BBC staff (24 September 2014)."The great flood of 1607: could it happen again?".BBC Somerset.Retrieved20 February2008.
^David Clarke; Eric Clarke (28 July 2011).Music and Consciousness: Philosophical, Psychological, and Cultural Perspectives.OUP Oxford. p. 345.ISBN 978-0-19-162558-9.
^Roger Quarm (1992).The Ship.Scala Books. p. 23.ISBN 978-1-85759-010-4.
^Tadhg Ó Cianáin,The Flight of the Earls(1609)
^William Linehan,History of Pahang,(Malaysian Branch Of The Royal Asiatic Society, 1973)
^Paul C. Allen,Philip III and the Pax Hispanica, 1598–1621: The Failure of Grand Strategy(Yale University Press, 2000)
^"A Proclamation touching the Earles of Tyrone and Tyrconnell"
^"Smith, John (1580–1631)", by Edward Arbab, inEncyclopaedia Britannica(R.S. Peale, 1892) p. 175
^Britannica.
^Petrus Johannes Blok (1975).The Life of Admiral de Ruyter.Greenwood Press. p. 9.ISBN 978-0-8371-7666-6.
^Dorothy McDougall (1938).Madeleine de Scudéry: Her Romantic Life and Death.Methuen & Company, Limited. p. 5.
^New Haven Colony Historical Society, New Haven (1900).Papers.pp. 340–342.

[1] BBC staff (24 September 2014)."The great flood of 1607: could it happen again?".BBC Somerset.Retrieved20 February2008.

[2] David Clarke; Eric Clarke (28 July 2011).Music and Consciousness: Philosophical, Psychological, and Cultural Perspectives.OUP Oxford. p. 345.ISBN 978-0-19-162558-9.

[3] Roger Quarm (1992).The Ship.Scala Books. p. 23.ISBN 978-1-85759-010-4.

[4] Tadhg Ó Cianáin,The Flight of the Earls(1609)

[5] William Linehan,History of Pahang,(Malaysian Branch Of The Royal Asiatic Society, 1973)

[6] Paul C. Allen,Philip III and the Pax Hispanica, 1598–1621: The Failure of Grand Strategy(Yale University Press, 2000)

[7] "A Proclamation touching the Earles of Tyrone and Tyrconnell"

[8] "Smith, John (1580–1631)", by Edward Arbab, inEncyclopaedia Britannica(R.S. Peale, 1892) p. 175

[9] Britannica.

[10] Petrus Johannes Blok (1975).The Life of Admiral de Ruyter.Greenwood Press. p. 9.ISBN 978-0-8371-7666-6.

[11] Dorothy McDougall (1938).Madeleine de Scudéry: Her Romantic Life and Death.Methuen & Company, Limited. p. 5.

[12] New Haven Colony Historical Society, New Haven (1900).Papers.pp. 340–342.

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