1812–13 United States Senate elections
(Redirected from1812 United States Senate election in Ohio)
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12 of the 36 seats in theUnited States Senate(plus special elections) 19 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results: Federalist holdFederalist gain Dem-Republican holdDem-Republican gain Legislature Failed To Elect | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The1812–13 United States Senate electionswere held on various dates in various states, coinciding with PresidentJames Madison'sre-election.As theseU.S. Senateelections were prior to the ratification of theSeventeenth Amendmentin 1913, senators were chosen bystate legislatures.Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1812 and 1813, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due tolegislative deadlock.[1]In these elections, terms were up for the senators inClass 3.
TheDemocratic-Republican Partylost two seats but still retained an overwhelming Senate majority. As in recent elections, the minority Federalists had gone into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (6 out of 36, or 16.7%) that if they had won every one of the elections, they would still not have controlled a majority.
Change in composition[edit]
Before the elections[edit]
Composition after September 1812 elections in the new state of Louisiana.
| DR8 | DR7 | DR6 | DR5 | DR4 | DR3 | DR2 | DR1 | ||
| DR9 | DR10 | DR11 | DR12 | DR13 | DR14 | DR15 | DR16 | DR17 | DR18 |
| Majority → | DR19 | ||||||||
| DR28 Pa. Retired |
DR27 Ohio Retired |
DR26 N.C. Retired |
DR25 Ky. Retired |
DR24 Md. Unknown |
DR23 La. Unknown |
DR22 S.C. Ran |
DR21 N.Y. Ran |
DR20 Ga. Ran | |
| DR29 Vt. Retired |
F7 N.H. Ran |
F6 Conn. Ran |
F5 | F4 | F3 | F2 | F1 | ||
Result of the regular elections[edit]
| DR8 | DR7 | DR6 | DR5 | DR4 | DR3 | DR2 | DR1 | ||
| DR9 | DR10 | DR11 | DR12 | DR13 | DR14 | DR15 | DR16 | DR17 | DR18 |
| Majority → | DR19 | ||||||||
| V1 Md. DR Loss |
DR27 S.C. Re-elected |
DR26 Ga. Re-elected |
DR25 Vt. Hold |
DR24 Pa. Hold |
DR23 Ohio Hold |
DR22 N.C. Hold |
DR21 La. Hold |
DR20 Ky. Hold | |
| V2 N.H. F Loss |
F6 N.Y. Gain |
F5 Conn. Re-elected |
F5 | F4 | F3 | F2 | F1 | ||
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Race summaries[edit]
Special elections during the 12th Congress[edit]
In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1812 or before March 4, 1813; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
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| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Louisiana (Class 2) |
New seat | Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812. Inaugural senator electedSeptember 3, 1812. Democratic-Republican gain. |
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| Louisiana (Class 3) |
New seat | Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812. Inaugural senator electedSeptember 3, 1812. Democratic-Republican gain. | |||
| Louisiana (Class 2) |
Thomas Posey | Democratic- Republican |
1812(Appointed) | Jean Destréhanhad resigned October 1, 1812 without having qualified. Interim successor appointed October 8, 1812. Interim appointee lost election. New senator electedFebruary 4, 1813on the second ballot. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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Races leading to the 13th Congress[edit]
In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1813 (except where noted due to late election); ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
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| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Connecticut | Chauncey Goodrich | Federalist | 1807(special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1813. |
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| Georgia | Charles Tait | Democratic- Republican |
1809(special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1813. |
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| Kentucky | John Pope | Democratic- Republican |
1806 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 12, 1813 on the third ballot. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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| Louisiana | Allan B. Magruder | Democratic- Republican |
1812 | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1813. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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| Maryland | Philip Reed | Democratic- Republican |
1806(special) 1806 |
Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. Legislature failed to elect. Democratic-Republican loss. |
[data missing] |
| New Hampshire | Charles Cutts | Federalist | 1810(special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Legislature failed to elect after 12 ballots. Federalist loss. |
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| New York | John Smith | Democratic- Republican |
1804(special) 1807 |
Incumbent lost re-election. New senatorelectedFebruary 2, 1813. Federalist gain. |
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| North Carolina | Jesse Franklin | Democratic- Republican |
1799 1804(Lost) 1806 |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1812. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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| Ohio | Alexander Campbell | Democratic- Republican |
1809(special) | Incumbent retired. New senator elected February 6, 1813. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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| Pennsylvania | Andrew Gregg | Democratic- Republican |
1806 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected December 8, 1812. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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| South Carolina | John Gaillard | Democratic- Republican |
1804(special) 1806 |
Incumbent re-elected in late 1812.[11] |
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| Vermont | Stephen R. Bradley | Democratic- Republican |
1791 1795(Lost) 1801(special) 1806 |
Incumbent retired. New senator elected October 21, 1812. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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Special elections during the 13th Congress[edit]
In these special elections, the winners were seated in 1813 after March 4; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
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| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Massachusetts (Class 1) |
James Lloyd(F) | Federalist | 1808(special) 1808 |
Resigned May 1, 1813. New senator electedMay 5, 1813. Federalist hold. |
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| Connecticut (Class 3) |
Chauncey Goodrich | Federalist | 1807(special) 1812 |
Incumbent resigned May 13, 1813 to becomeLieutenant Governor of Connecticut. New senator electedMay 13, 1813. Federalist hold. |
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| Maryland (Class 3) |
Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect. New senator electedMay 21, 1813. Federalist gain. |
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| Delaware (Class 2) |
James A. Bayard | Federalist | 1804(special) 1805 1811 |
Resigned March 3, 1813. New senator electedMay 21, 1813. Federalist hold. |
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| New Hampshire (Class 3) |
Charles Cutts | Federalist | 1810(special) 1813(Appointed) |
Interim appointee lost election. New senator electedJune 10, 1813on the second ballot. Federalist hold. |
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| Georgia (Class 2) |
William Bulloch | Democratic- Republican |
1813(Appointed) | Unknown if interim appointee retired or lost re-election. New senator electedNovember 6, 1813. Democratic-Republican hold. |
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Connecticut[edit]
Connecticut (regular)[edit]
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Connecticut (special)[edit]
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Delaware (special)[edit]
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Georgia[edit]
Georgia (regular)[edit]
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Georgia (special)[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
Kentucky[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
Louisiana[edit]
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Maryland[edit]
Maryland (regular)[edit]
The Maryland legislature failed to elect a senator before the March 3, 1813, the beginning of the term.Robert Henry Goldsboroughwas appointed to fill the seat.
Maryland (special)[edit]
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80 members of theMaryland General Assembly | ||||||||||||||||
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Robert H. Goldsboroughwon election overEdward Lloydby a margin of 20.45%, or 18 votes, for the Class 3 seat.[18]
Massachusetts (special)[edit]
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New Hampshire[edit]
New Hampshire (regular)[edit]
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New Hampshire (special)[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
New York[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
North Carolina[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
Ohio[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
Pennsylvania[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
South Carolina[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
Vermont[edit]
| This sectionneeds expansion.You can help byadding to it.(October 2019) |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^"17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)".National Archives and Records Administration.February 8, 2022.
- ^"Louisiana 1812 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 22,2018.,citing American Watchman; and Delaware Republican (Wilmington, DE). October 14, 1812.
- ^"Louisiana 1812 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 2".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 22,2018.,citing The Louisiana Gazette and New-Orleans Advertiser (New Orleans, LA). December 3, 1812.
- ^"Kentucky 1813 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 22,2018.,citing Muskingum Messenger (Zanesville, OH). January 27, 1813.
- ^"Louisiana 1813 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing Courrier de la Louisiane (New Orleans, LA). January 22, 1813.
- ^"New Hampshire 1812 U.S. Senate, Ballot 12".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). December 29, 1812.
- ^"NY US Senate".Our Campaigns.August 8, 2012.RetrievedFebruary 23,2015.
- ^"North Carolina 1812 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing The Star (Raleigh, NC). December 11, 1812.
- ^Taylor, William A. (1900).Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes and Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents.Columbus, Ohio:The XX. Century Publishing Co. p. 98 – viaGoogle Books.
- ^"Pennsylvania 1812 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing Journal of the Pennsylvania State Senate, 1812. 41–43.
- ^ab"South Carolina 1812 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing City Gazette and Commercial Advertiser (Charleston, SC). December 10, 1812.
- ^"Vermont 1812 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing Columbian Phenix: or, Providence Patriot (Providence, RI). October 31, 1812.
- ^"Massachusetts 1813 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing The Virginia Patriot (Richmond, VA). June 11, 1813.
- ^"Maryland 1813 U.S. Senate".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing Republican Star or Eastern Shore General Advertiser (Easton, MD). May 25, 1813.
- ^"Delaware 1813 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing Journal of the Delaware State Senate, 1813. 12.
- ^"New Hampshire 1813 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing Portsmouth Oracle (Portsmouth, NH). June 12, 1813.
- ^"Georgia 1813 U.S. Senate, Special".Tufts Digital Collations and Archives.A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825.Tufts University.RetrievedFebruary 23,2018.,citing Liberty Hall (Cincinnati, OH). December 14, 1813.
- ^"Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - May 20, 1813".ourcampaigns.Retrieved2022-11-05.
External links[edit]
- Party Division in the Senate, 1789–Present,via Senate.gov