1868 in paleontology

	…1858; 1859; 1860; 1861; 1862; 1863; 1864; ; 1865; 1866; 1867; 1868; 1869; 1870; 1871; ; 1872; 1873; 1874; 1875; 1876; 1877; 1878…;
	In science 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871
	Art; Archaeology; Architecture; Literature; Music; Philosophy; Science; +...

Paleontologyor palaeontology is the study ofprehistoric life formsonEarththrough the examination of plant and animalfossils.^[1]This includes the study of body fossils,tracks(ichnites),burrows,cast-off parts, fossilisedfeces(coprolites),palynomorphsandchemical residues.Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as ascience.This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1868.

Arthropoda

Newly named crustaceans

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Astacus politus^[2]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Schlüter	Early Cretaceous	Bückeberg Formation	Germany	Moved to the genusProtastacusin1983.
Enoploclytia paucispina^[2]	Sp nov	Valid	Schlüter			Germany	Anerymid.
Eurycarpus^[2]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Schlüter			Germany	Adecapod,type species isE. nanodactylus.
Hoploparia macrodactyla^[2]	Sp nov	Valid	Schlüter			Germany	Alobster
Necrocarcinus senonensis^[2]	Sp nov	Valid	Schlüter			Germany	Anecrocarcinid.
Palaeocorystes laevis^[2]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Schlüter	Late Cretaceous(UpperSantonian)		Germany	Moved toBournelyreidusin2012.
Squilla cretacea^[2]	Sp nov	Valid	Schlüter	Cretaceous		Germany	Amantis shrimp

Newly named insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aphaenogaster berendti^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Amyrmicineant. Moved toStenamma berendtiin1915	Stenamma berendti
Aphaenogaster sommerfeldti^[3]	Sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Amyrmicineant.	Aphaenogaster sommerfeldti
Camponotus constrictus^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossilformicineant., moved toFormica constrictusin1915 Synonym ofCataglyphoides constrictus	Cataglyphoides constrictus
Camponotus mengei^[3]	Sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossilformicineant.	Camponotus mengei
Enneamerus^[3]	Gen et 2 sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Amyrmecineant. 2 species	Enneamerus reticulatus
Formica flori^[3]	Sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossilformicineant	Formica flori
Hypoclinea balticus^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	FossilDolichoderineant, moved toDolichoderus balticusin1893	Dolichoderus balticus
Hypoclinea constricta^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	FossilDolichoderineant, jr synonym ofYantaromyrmex constricta	Yantaromyrmex constricta
Hypoclinea cornuta^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	FossilDolichoderineant, moved toDolichoderus cornutusin1893	Dolichoderus cornutus
Hypoclinea geinitzi^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	FossilDolichoderineant, jr synonym ofYantaromyrmex geinitzi	Yantaromyrmex geinitzi
Hypoclinea goepperti^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	FossilDolichoderineant, moved toBothriomyrmex goeppertiin1893, jr synonym ofCtenobethylus goepperti	Ctenobethylus goepperti
Hypoclinea longipennis^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	FossilDolichoderineant, moved toDolichoderus longipennisin1893	Dolichoderus longipennis
Hypoclinea sculpturata^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	FossilDolichoderineant, moved toDolichoderus sculpturatain1893	Dolichoderus sculpturatus
Hypoclinea tertiaria^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	FossilDolichoderineant, moved toDolichoderus tertiariain1893	Dolichoderus tertiarius
Myrmica duisburgi^[3]	sp nov	jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	FossilAgroecomyrmecineant, moved toAgroecomyrmex duisburgiin1910	Myrmica duisburgi
Pheidologeton antiquus^[3]	sp nov	jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossilmyrmicineant, moved toAeromyrma antiquain1891 Synonym ofCarebara antiqua	Carebara antiqua
Ponera succinea^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic Amber	Europe	Aponerineant, moved toPachycondyla succineain1995	Pachycondyla succinea
Prenolepis pygmaea^[4]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	European amber	Europe	Fossilformicineant, jr synonym ofNylanderia pygmaea	Nylanderia pygmaea
Stigmomyrmex^[3]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	European amber	Europe	Amyrmicinant. Type speciesS. venustus	Stigmomyrmex venustus

Archosauromorphs

Newly named dinosaurs

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aublysodon	Gen et sp nov	Nomen dubium	Leidy	Late Cretaceous	Judith River Formation	USA (Montana)	Possible subjective synonym ofAlbertosaurusorDeinodon.	Aublysodonmay be a synonym ofAlbertosaurus.
Diplotomodon	Gen nov	Nomen dubium	Leidy	Late Cretaceous	Navesink FormationorHornerstown Formation	USA (New Jersey)	Possible subjective synonym ofDryptosaurus.

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

Name	Status	Authors		Notes
Elasmosaurus	Valid	Cope

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

Name	Status	Authors	Discovery year	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Pristerodon	Valid	Huxley

References

^Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001).Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century.Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.ISBN 9780070887398.OCLC 46769716.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^gvon der Marck, W.; Schlüter, C. (1868).Neue fische und krebse aus der kreide von Westphalen(PDF).Stuttgart: Palaeontographica. pp. 269–305.OCLC 39999779.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^rWheeler, W. M. (1915). "The ants of the Baltic amber".Schriften der Physikalisch-Okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg.55(4): 56–59.
^LaPolla, J.S.; Dlussky, G.M. (2010). "Review of fossil Prenolepis genus-group species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)".Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington.112(2): 258–273.

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001).Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century.Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.ISBN 9780070887398.OCLC 46769716.

[:0-2] ^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^gvon der Marck, W.; Schlüter, C. (1868).Neue fische und krebse aus der kreide von Westphalen(PDF).Stuttgart: Palaeontographica. pp. 269–305.OCLC 39999779.

[Wheeler1915-3] ^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^rWheeler, W. M. (1915). "The ants of the Baltic amber".Schriften der Physikalisch-Okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg.55(4): 56–59.

[LaPolla2010-4] LaPolla, J.S.; Dlussky, G.M. (2010). "Review of fossil Prenolepis genus-group species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)".Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington.112(2): 258–273.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]