1985 in LGBT rights
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This is a list of notable events in the history of LGBT rights that took place in the year 1985.
Events
[edit]- Franceprohibits discrimination based on lifestyle ( "moeurs" ), including homosexuality, in employment and services, public and private.[1]
March
[edit]- 26 — TheSupreme Court of the United States,being divided 4—4, affirms the ruling of the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals which struck down anOklahomastate law allowing teachers to be fired for "advocating, soliciting, imposing, encouraging or promoting public or private homosexual activity in a manner that creates a substantial risk that such conduct will come to the attention of school children or school employees".[2]The appellate court found that the law infringed onFirst Amendmentguarantees of free speech.[3]
April
[edit]- 1
- Harvey Milk High Schoolholds its first classes inNew York City.
- GovernorToney AnayaofNew Mexicoissues an executive order banning public-sector sexual orientation discrimination.[4]
May
[edit]- 12 — The first memorial to theLGBT victims of the Nazis,a pink granite stone monument at the formerNeuengamme concentration campinscribed "Dedicated to the Homosexual victims of National Socialism, 1985", is unveiled.
- 21 — TheUnited States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh CircuitinHardwick v. Bowersstrikes down the state ofGeorgia'ssodomy law as unconstitutional.[5]
August
[edit]- 26 — TheUnited States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuitreverses the lower court inBaker v. Wade,finding no constitutional violation in the sodomy law ofTexas.Two months later the Court refuses plaintiff Donald Baker's request for a rehearing.[6]
September
[edit]- 30 — A three-judge panel of theUnited States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit,in a 2—1 opinion written byAnthony Kennedy,affirms in the case ofAdams v. Howertonthat theImmigration and Naturalization Servicedid not abuse its authority when it refused to recognize the marriage of Australian Anthony Sullivan and Richard Adams, under a license issued byBoulder County, Colorado,in 1975, for purposes of Sullivan's immigration.[7]The couple leave the United States but eventually return, with Sullivan living as anillegal alien.[8]
October
[edit]- 4 — First openly gay member of parliament elected inWest Germany.
- 8 — Austin Latino/a Lesbian and Gay Organization (ALLGO) is formed inAustin, Texas.
- 9 —New York CitymayorEd Kochasks theAmerican Legion'sVeterans Dayparade to allow gay veterans to march. He is ignored.
- 21 —Dan White,assassin ofHarvey Milkand San Francisco mayorGeorge Moscone,dies by suicide.
November
[edit]- 5 —San Franciscoextends anti-discrimination protection to people withAIDS.
- 13 — Margaret Roff is elected mayor ofManchester,becoming the first openly lesbian mayor in theUnited Kingdom.
December
[edit]- 24 — GovernorBooth GardnerofWashingtonissues an executive order banning public-sector sexual orientation discrimination.[9]
See also
[edit]
- Timeline of LGBT history— timeline of events from 12,000 BCE to present
- LGBT rights by country or territory— current legal status around the world
- LGBT social movements
Notes
[edit]- ^IGLHRC reportArchivedFebruary 18, 2006, at theWayback Machine
- ^Board of Education of Oklahoma City v. National Gay Task Force,470 US 903(United States Supreme Court 03-26-1985),archivedfrom the original on 28 March 2020.
- ^National Gay Task Force v. Board of Education of the City of Oklahoma City,729 F.2d 1270(United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit 03-14-1984), archived fromthe originalon 14 April 2021.
- ^"New Mexico Non-Discrimination Law".Human Rights Campaign.Archived fromthe originalon 2011-06-14.Retrieved2010-07-18.
- ^Hardwick v. Bowers,760 F.2nd 1202 (United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit05-21-1985).
- ^Baker v. Wade,769 F.2nd 289 (United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit08-26-1985).
- ^Murdoch and Price, p. 223
- ^Caldwell, John (2004-03-30)."Legally wed in Colorado, 1975".The Advocate.pp. 30–1.Retrieved2010-07-19.
- ^Executive Order 85-09ArchivedFebruary 6, 2012, at theWayback Machine
References
[edit]- Murdoch, Joyce and Deb Price (2001).Courting Justice: Gay Men and Lesbians v. the Supreme Court.New York, Basic Books, a member of the Perseus Books Group.ISBN0-456-01513-2
