2013
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2013(MMXIII) was acommon year starting on Tuesdayof theGregorian calendar,the 2013th year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 13th year of the3rd millenniumand the21st century,and the 4th year of the2010sdecade.
2013 was designated as:
- International Year of Water Cooperation[1]
- International Year of Quinoa[1]
Events[edit]
January[edit]
- January 5–2013 Craig, Alaska earthquake:A Mw 7.5 (Ms 7.7, 'Moderate') earthquake shakesPrince of Wales Island.
- January 10– At least 130 people are killed and 270 are injured inseveral bomb blasts in Pakistan.
- January 11– TheFrench militarybegins a 5-month intervention into theNorthern Mali conflict,targeting the militantIslamistAnsar Dinegroup.[2][3]
- January 16–20– Thirty-nine international workers and 1 security guard die in ahostage crisisat anatural gasfacility nearIn Aménas,Algeria.[4][5][6][7]
- January 21–Barack Obamaissworn in for a second termasPresident of the United States.
- January 27– An estimated 245 people die in anightclub fireinSanta Maria, Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil.[8]
February[edit]
- February 12–North Koreaconducts itsthird underground nuclear test,prompting widespread condemnation and tightened economic sanctions from the international community.[9][10]
- February 15– Ameteorexplodes over the Russian city ofChelyabinsk,injuring 1,489–1,492 people and damaging over 4,300 buildings. It is the most powerful meteor to strike Earth's atmospherein over a century.[11]The incident, along with a coincidentalflyby of a larger asteroid,prompts international concern regarding thevulnerability of the planet to meteor strikes.[12][13]
- February 21– American scientists use a3D printerto create a living lab-grownearfromcollagenand animal ear cell cultures. In the future, it is hoped that similar ears could be grown to order astransplantsfor human patients with ear trauma or amputation.[14]
- February 25–Park Geun-hyebecomes the first woman to become the president ofSouth Korea.[15]
- February 28–Benedict XVIresignsaspope,becoming the first todo sosinceGregory XIIin1415,and the first to do so voluntarily sinceCelestine Vin1294.[16]
March[edit]
- March 13–CardinalJorge Mario Bergoglio ofArgentinaiselectedthe 266th pope, whereupon he takes thenameFrancis[17][18][19]and becomes the firstJesuitpope, the first pope from the Americas, and the first pope from the Southern Hemisphere.[20]
- March 24–Central African RepublicPresidentFrançois Bozizéflees to theDemocratic Republic of the Congo,afterrebel forcescapturethe nation's capital,Bangui.[21][22]
- March 25– The European Unionagrees to a €10 billion economic bailoutforCyprus.The bailout loan will be equally split between theEuropean Financial Stabilisation Mechanism,theEuropean Financial Stability Facility,and theInternational Monetary Fund.The deal precipitates abanking crisisin the island nation.[23][24]
April[edit]
- April 2– TheUnited Nations General Assemblyadopts theArms Trade Treatyto regulate the international trade ofconventional weapons.[25]
- April 13–Venezuelan presidential election:Nicolás Madurois declared winner with a narrow victory over his opponentHenrique Capriles Radonski.[26]Protests continue to October.[27]
- April 15–Boston Marathon bombing:Two Chechnya-born Islamist brothers (one a United States citizen) detonate 2 bombs at theBoston MarathoninBoston, Massachusetts,in the United States, killing 3 and injuring 264 others.[28][29]
- April 20– Amagnitude 6.6 earthquakejoltsSichuan,China,leaving 193 people dead and more than 11,000 injured.[30]
- April 21– BusinessmanHoracio Carteswins the2013 Paraguayan general electionagainstEfraín Alegre.
- April 24– The2013 Savar building collapse,one of the worstindustrial disastersin the world, kills 1,134 people inBangladesh.[31][32]
- April 30–Willem-AlexanderisinauguratedasKing of the Netherlandsfollowing the abdication ofBeatrix.[33]
May[edit]
- May 14–18– TheEurovision Song Contest 2013takes place inMalmö,Sweden, and is won byDanishentrantEmmelie de Forestwith the song "Only Teardrops".
- May 15
- Researchers fromOregon Health & Science Universityin the United States describe the first production of humanembryonic stem cellsbycloning,in a study published in the scientific journalNature.[34]
- TheWorld Health Organizationnames the novel coronavirusMiddle East respiratory syndrome(MERS).[35]
- May 20– Thelatest EF5 tornadoin the United States hitsMooreand several other surrounding areas near Oklahoma City, resulting in 24 deaths and many injuries.[36]
- May 22– Off-dutyBritish ArmysoldierFusilierLee Rigbyof theRoyal Regiment of Fusiliersis murdered inWoolwich,southeastLondon,by Islamic terrorists Michael Adebolajo and Michael Adebowale.[37]
- May 31– Thelargest tornado ever recordedhitsEl Reno,United States. This rain-wrapped,multiple-vortex tornadowas thewidest tornadoever recorded, and results in eight deaths, including four storm-chasers. Measurements from mobileweather radarsrevealed extreme winds up to 296 mph (476 km/h) within the vortex, among the highest observed wind speeds onEarth.As it crossesU.S. 81,the tornado grows to a record-breaking width of 2.6 miles (4.2 km).[38]
June[edit]
- June 6– FormerCIAemployeeEdward Snowdendiscloses operations engaged in by a U.S. governmentmass surveillanceprogram tonews publicationsand flees the country, later being granted temporaryasylumin Russia.[39][40][41]
- June 23– A bus carrying 47Romaniantourists toTivat,Montenegro,crashesin theMorača canyonin central Montenegro, killing 19 people and injuring 27.[42]
- June 25–Emir of QatarHamad bin Khalifa Al Thaniabdicates and his sonTamim bin Hamad Al Thaniassumes power.[43][44]
- June 26
- Kevin RudddefeatsJulia Gillardin an Australian Labor Partyleadership ballot[45]and consequently becomesPrime Minister of Australia,three years after GillardreplacedRudd.[46]
- United States v. Windsor(570 U.S. 744) decided in theSupreme Court of the United States,overturning a key section of theDefense of Marriage Actand hence granting federal recognition tosame-sex marriage in the United States.
July[edit]
- July 1–Croatiabecomes the 28th member of theEuropean Union.[47]
- July 3– Amidprotests,Egyptian PresidentMohamed Morsiis deposed in a militarycoup d'état,leading towidespread violence.[48][49]
- July 6
- A runaway train carrying crude oilderails in Lac-Mégantic,Quebec,catching fire and exploding, killing 47.[50]
- Asiana Airlines Flight 214crashes while landing atSan Francisco International Airport,killing three.
- July 21–Philippeis sworn in asKing of the Belgians,following the abdication ofAlbert II.[51]
- July 22–28– XIVWorld Youth Day,inRio de Janeiro,Brazil.
August[edit]
- August 8– TheTU Meinstant messaging and Voice over IP app is discontinued.[52]
- August 13– Platform game, Geometry Dash is released by Swedishdeveloper,RobTop.[citation needed]
- August 14– Following the military coup in Egypt, two anti-coup camps are raided by the security forces,leaving 2,696 dead.[53]The raids were described byHuman Rights Watchas "one of the world's largest killings of demonstrators in a single day in recent history".[54]
- August 15–Horacio Cartesis sworn in asPresident of Paraguay.
- August 21– 1,429 are killed in theGhouta chemical attackduring the Syrian Civil War.[55]
- August 29– The United Kingdom Parliamentvotes againstUK military attacks on Syria.[56]
September[edit]
- September 7
- 2013 Australian federal election:TheLiberal/NationalCoalitionled byTony Abbottdefeats theLaborGovernmentled byPrime MinisterKevin Rudd.[57]Abbott would be sworn in onSeptember 18th.[58]
- TheInternational Olympic CommitteeawardsTokyothe right to host the2020 Summer Olympics.[59]
- September 8– The2013 Colorado floodsbegin, resulting from heavy rain in the Colorado River Basin.
- September 17–Rockstar Gamesreleases video gameGrand Theft Auto V.
- September 21–al-ShabaabmilitantsattacktheWestgate shopping mallinNairobi, Kenya,killing at least 62 civilians and wounding over 170.[60]
October[edit]
- October 10– Delegates from some 140 countries and territories sign theMinamata Treaty,aUNEPtreaty designed to protect human health and the environment from emissions and releases ofmercuryand mercury compounds.[61]
- October 15– Amagnitude7.2earthquakestruckBohol,Philippines,leaving 222 dead, 8 missing, and 976 people injured.[62]
- October 16–Lao Airlines Flight 301crashes on approach toPakse Airport,Laos, killing all 49 people on board.
- October 17–MicrosoftreleasesWindows 8.1.
- October 18–Saudi Arabiarejects a seat on theUnited Nations Security Council,making it the first country to reject a seat on the Security Council.Jordantakes the seat onDecember 6.[63]
November[edit]
- November 5– The uncrewedMars Orbiter Missionis launched by India from its launch pad inSriharikota.[64]
- November 8–Typhoon Haiyan(Yolanda), one of the strongesttropical cycloneson record, hits thePhilippinesandVietnam,causing devastation with at least 6,241 dead.[65]
- November 12–Three Studies of Lucian Freud,a series of portraits ofLucian Freudby theBritishpainterFrancis Bacon,sells forUS$142.4 million in aNew York Cityauction, setting a world record for an auctioned work of art.[66][67]
- November 17– Fifty people are killed whenTatarstan Airlines Flight 363crashes at Kazan Airport, Russia.
- November 21
- Euromaidanpro-EU demonstrations begin in Ukraine after PresidentViktor Yanukovychrejects an economic association agreement between theEuropean Unionand Ukraine in favor of closer ties to Russia.[68]
- Moldovan-flaggedcargo shipMVRhosusmakes port inBeirut, Lebanon,carrying 2,750 tonnes ofammonium nitrate.After inspection by port state control, theRhosusis deemedunseaworthy,and is forbidden to set sail. By order of an Urgent Matters judge in Beirut, the cargo is brought ashore in2014and placed in Warehouse 12 at the port, where it will remain for six years. The ammonium nitrate will erupt in amassive explosiononAugust 4,2020.[69][70]
- November 24–Iranagreesto limit theirnuclear development programin exchange for sanctions relief.[71][72]
- November 29– A police helicoptercrashesinto The Clutha, a pub inGlasgow,Scotland, killing 10 people and injuring 31.
December[edit]
- December 7–Ninth Ministerial Conferenceof theWorld Trade Organizationdelegates sign theBali Packageagreement aimed at loosening globaltrade barriers.[73]
- December 14–Chineseuncrewed spacecraftChang'e 3,carrying theYuturover,becomes the first spacecraft to "soft" -landon theMoonsince1976and the third ever robotic rover to do so.[74]
- December 15– Fighting between ethnicDinkaandNuermembers of the presidential guard break out inJuba,South Sudan,plunging the country intocivil war.[75]
Births and deaths[edit]
Nobel Prizes[edit]
- Chemistry–Martin Karplus,Michael Levitt,andArieh Warshel
- Economics–Eugene Fama,Lars Peter HansenandRobert J. Shiller
- Literature–Alice Munro
- Peace–Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
- Physics–François EnglertandPeter Higgs
- Physiology or Medicine–James E. Rothman,Randy W. Schekman,andThomas C. Südhof
New English words[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
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