5N65 radar
| 5N65 radar | |
|---|---|
РЛС 5Н65 | |
| Part of S-225 ABM system, 5K17 measurement system | |
| Kamchatka, Russia | |
 Drawing of the radar's antenna station by the CIA | |
  5N65 radar | |
| Coordinates | 56°16′12″N162°44′06″E/ 56.270°N 162.735°E |
| Type | Activephased arrayradar station |
| Site information | |
| Condition | dismantled |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1975 |
| Demolished | 2006 |
| Garrison information | |
| Garrison | formerly в/ч 03253[1]: 206 |
The5N65 radar(Russian:РЛС 5Н65,[2]NATO:Flat Twin, alsoRSN-225(Russian:РСН-225)[3]) was a Soviet militaryphased arrayradar initially designed for the S-225anti-ballistic missilesystem which was never commissioned. The radar was later installed near theKura Test RangeinKamchatkain theRussian Far Eastas a part of 5K17 (GRAU index) tracking and measuring system and was demolished in 2006.[2]
S-225
[edit]The radar was built as part of the S-225 anti-ballistic missile system (codename of the R&D work: Azov;[2]US name: ABM-X-3), a marginally mobile system designed to defend high status targets against attack by ballistic missiles. Work started on the system in the early 1960s and S-225 was one of three competing systems;A-35(the one chosen) and "Saturn" were the others.[3][4][5][6]
S-225 was designed byA.A. Raspletin,who worked in special design bureauOKB-31, ofKB-1 design bureau.[7]The first design was done in 1964 and the first prototype of the system was installed inSary Shaganin 1971, at site 53 (46°26′45″N72°51′23″E/ 46.44583°N 72.85639°E).[8]The radar was tested on the descent phase of missiles launched from theKapustin Yarmilitary launch range. Because of this it was decided that the second prototype should be installed in Kamchatka, near the Kura Test Range, to pick up missiles landing there after being launched elsewhere in the Soviet Union. In 1975 this second prototype was installed and checked in Sary Shagan and then dismantled and shipped to Vladivostok to be installed in Kamchatka.[4]
S-225 consisted of a 5N65 radar, a device transmitting commands to the missiles which NATO called "Pawn Shop", and two types of missiles. One missile, 5Ya27 (developer's name V-825), was designed byOKB Fakelfor exoatmospheric intercepts (above the atmosphere). The other, high-acceleration 5Ya26 (aka PRS-1) was designed byOKB Novatorfor endoatmospheric intercepts (within the atmosphere).[3][6]
Radar
[edit]The 5N65 was a demountableactive phased arrayradar. TheCIAestimated it could be installed in six weeks. It contained separate receive and transmit sections. The array was mounted on a pedestal and could be moved in azimuth and elevation.[5]It is listed as being associated with theRussian space surveillance systemin 2004.[9]
References
[edit]- ^Thomson, Allen, ed. (2008-12-30).Sourcebook on the Okno (в/ч 52168), Krona (в/ч 20096) and Krona-N (в/ч 20776) Space Surveillance Sites(PDF).Federation of American Scientists.Archived(PDF)from the original on 2012-05-22.RetrievedJuly 31,2012.
- ^abcDIMMI (2012)."Система С-225 Азов, ракеты 5Я26 и 5Я27 – ABM-X-3"[The S-225 Azov system, missiles 5Ya26 and 5Ya27 – ABM-X-3] (in Russian). militaryrussia.ru.Archivedfrom the original on 2016-10-05.Retrieved2012-08-19.
- ^abcO'Connor, Sean (2012)."Russian/Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems".Air Power Australia. p. 1.Archivedfrom the original on 2016-09-23.Retrieved2012-08-18.
- ^abKasputyan, Konstantin (January 2008).СИСТЕМА ПРО "С-225"[Missile Defence System S-225] (in Russian). Вестник ПВО.Archivedfrom the original on 2021-07-12.Retrieved2012-08-18.
- ^abOffice of Scientific and Weapons Research (October 1991)."The Flat Twin ABM Radar: Not as Capable as Previously Believed"(PDF).Central Intelligence Agency. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2011-01-05.Retrieved2012-08-18.
- ^abKarpenko, A (1999)."ABM AND SPACE DEFENSE".Nevsky Bastion.4:2–47.Archivedfrom the original on 2013-01-28.Retrieved2012-08-22.
- ^Gobarev, Victor (2001). "The early development of Russia's ballistic missile defense system".The Journal of Slavic Military Studies.14(2): 29–48.doi:10.1080/13518040108430478.S2CID144681318.
- ^Holm, Michael (2011)."1st Administration".Soviet Armed Forces 1945–1991.Archivedfrom the original on 2016-03-04.Retrieved2012-05-27.
- ^Anisimov, V D; Batir, G S; Menshikov, A V; Shilin, V D (2006-10-04).Система контроля космического пространства Российской Федерации[The System of Space Monitoring of the Russian Federation] (in Russian). Vympel.Archivedfrom the original on 2009-09-17.Retrieved2012-07-30.